假设我有 libTiff、libpng、zlib 和 libjpeg。我如何告诉 wxWidgets 使用这些而不是系统上内置的或安装的?
我正在尝试将 wxWidgets 作为依赖项添加到我的 CMake 项目中,作为回报,该项目已经依赖并构建(使用
ExternalProject
)上述库。我不想混合版本(如果我使用内置版本或系统上已安装的版本,这必然会发生)。我还希望将所有依赖项与系统上已有的依赖项分开,以便于分发。
我已经检查了
setup.h.in
定义了预处理器宏的位置(此处:wxUSE_ZLIB
、wxUSE_LIBJPEG
、wxUSE_LIBTIFF
和 wxUSE_LIBPNG
)。我还看到,在 <root of wxWidgets git repo>/build/cmake/lib/
内部,我有各种 *.cmake
包含处理不同第三方依赖项的文件。
然而,我很困惑我需要传递给我的
cmake
命令才能将 wxWidgets 配置为从特定位置使用上述库的版本。我已经定义了 PNG_LIBRARIES
、JPEG_LIBRARIES
等(指向 *.lib
(在 Windows 上)或 *.so
(在 Linux 上)文件所在的位置。此外,我还相应地定义了 ..._INCLUDE_DIRS
。
目前这是我的外部项目描述的状态(
...
是有效路径的占位符)
ExternalProject_Add(wxWidgets
PREFIX ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/deps/wxwidgets
INSTALL_DIR ...
DOWNLOAD_DIR ""
TMP_DIR ...
STAMP_DIR ...
LOG_DIR ...
BINARY_DIR ...
SOURCE_DIR ...
INSTALL_COMMAND "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -E echo "Skipping install step for dependency libzmq"
INSTALL_PREFIX ...
BUILD_ALWAYS OFF
# For build configurations see https://wiki.wxwidgets.org/WxWidgets_Build_Configurations
# Also setup.h.in and <wxWidgets_root>/build/cmake/libs
CMAKE_ARGS
"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release"
"-DBUILD=release"
"-DSHARED=1"
"-DMONOLITHIC=1"
"-DwxBUILD_TESTS=OFF"
"-DwxBUILD_DEMOS=OFF"
"-DwxBUILD_BENCHMARKS=OFF"
"-DwxUSE_GUI=1" # <---- forces dependency requirement for PNG, ZLIB, JPEG, TIFF
"-DwxUSE_OPENGL=1"
"-DwxUSE_ZLIB=sys"
"-DZLIB_LIBRARY=${ZLIB_LIBRARIES}" # <---- from another ExternalProject
"-DZLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS=${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS}" # <---- from another ExternalProject
"-DwxUSE_LIBJPEG=sys"
"-DJPEG_LIBRARY=${JPEG_LIBRARIES}" # <---- from another ExternalProject
"-DJPEG_INCLUDE_DIR=${JPEG_INCLUDE_DIRS}" # <---- from another ExternalProject
"-DwxUSE_LIBPNG=sys"
"-DPNG_LIBRARY=${PNG_LIBRARIES}" # <---- from another ExternalProject
"-DPNG_PNG_INCLUDE_DIR=${PNG_INCLUDE_DIRS}" # <---- from another ExternalProject
"-DwxUSE_LIBTIFF=builtin" # TODO Add libTiff to external project dependencies and use here
)
我基本上所做的就是最初把东西放在
OFF
上。 wxWidgets 的配置足够智能,可以警告我(因为我包含了 wxUSE_GUI
,它需要这些库)相应的库丢失了,它将使用内置库代替。从那里我发现了它实际上正在寻找哪些变量,并通过将相应库的 wxUSE_...
设置为 sys
。现在我已经接近配置构建了:
1>------ Rebuild All started: Project: ZERO_CHECK, Configuration: Debug x64 ------
1>Checking Build System
2>------ Rebuild All started: Project: wxWidgets, Configuration: Debug x64 ------
2>Creating directories for 'wxWidgets'
2>Building Custom Rule C:/Users/.../Documents/.../CMakeLists.txt
2>No download step for 'wxWidgets'
2>No update step for 'wxWidgets'
2>No patch step for 'wxWidgets'
2>Performing configure step for 'wxWidgets'
2>-- Selecting Windows SDK version 10.0.17763.0 to target Windows 10.0.19042.
2>-- cotire 1.8.0 loaded.
2>-- Found ZLIB: C:/Users/.../CMakeBuilds/ef5b5ada-ee42-7735-988a-ae37c735ccff/build/deps/build/zlib/Debug/zlibd.lib (found version "1.2.11")
2>-- Found JPEG: C:/Users/rcr-aa/CMakeBuilds/ef5b5ada-ee42-7735-988a-ae37c735ccff/build/deps/build/jpeg/Debug/jpeg.lib (found version "90")
2>-- Found PNG: C:/Users/.../CMakeBuilds/ef5b5ada-ee42-7735-988a-ae37c735ccff/build/deps/build/png/Debug/libpng16d.lib (found version "1.6.38.git")
2>-- Which libraries should wxWidgets use?
2> wxUSE_STL: OFF (use C++ STL classes)
2> wxUSE_REGEX: builtin (enable support for wxRegEx class)
2> wxUSE_ZLIB: sys (use zlib for LZW compression)
2> wxUSE_EXPAT: builtin (use expat for XML parsing)
2> wxUSE_LIBJPEG: sys (use libjpeg (JPEG file format))
2> wxUSE_LIBPNG: sys (use libpng (PNG image format))
2> wxUSE_LIBTIFF: builtin (use libtiff (TIFF file format))
2> wxUSE_LIBLZMA: OFF (use liblzma for LZMA compression)
2>
2>-- Configured wxWidgets 3.1.6 for Windows-10.0.19042
2> Min OS Version required at runtime: Windows Vista / Windows Server 2008 (x64 Edition)
2> Which GUI toolkit should wxWidgets use? msw
2> Should wxWidgets be compiled into single library? OFF
2> Should wxWidgets be linked as a shared library? ON
2> Should wxWidgets support Unicode? ON
2> What wxWidgets compatibility level should be used? 3.0
2>-- Configuring done
环顾四周时,我还检查了我想要使用自定义版本的库的
*.cmake
文件,以确认需要设置的内容。 zlib 的示例如下所示:
#############################################################################
# Name: build/cmake/lib/zlib.cmake
# Purpose: Use external or internal zlib
# Author: Tobias Taschner
# Created: 2016-09-21
# Copyright: (c) 2016 wxWidgets development team
# Licence: wxWindows licence
#############################################################################
if(wxUSE_ZLIB STREQUAL "builtin")
# TODO: implement building zlib via its CMake file, using
# add_subdirectory or ExternalProject_Add
wx_add_builtin_library(wxzlib
src/zlib/adler32.c
src/zlib/compress.c
src/zlib/crc32.c
src/zlib/deflate.c
src/zlib/gzclose.c
src/zlib/gzlib.c
src/zlib/gzread.c
src/zlib/gzwrite.c
src/zlib/infback.c
src/zlib/inffast.c
src/zlib/inflate.c
src/zlib/inftrees.c
src/zlib/trees.c
src/zlib/uncompr.c
src/zlib/zutil.c
)
if(WIN32)
# Define this to get rid of many warnings about using open(),
# read() and other POSIX functions in zlib code. This is much
# more convenient than having to modify it to avoid them.
target_compile_definitions(wxzlib PRIVATE _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_WARNINGS)
endif()
set(ZLIB_LIBRARIES wxzlib) # <----------- set via -DZLIB_LIBRARIES in my ExternalProject
set(ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS ${wxSOURCE_DIR}/src/zlib) # <----------- set via -DZLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS in my ExternalProject
elseif(wxUSE_ZLIB)
find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED)
endif()
我最大的问题是,我显然必须为每个第 3 方依赖项设置配置(在我的例子中,将所有其他依赖项设置为
builtin
)
2>CMake Error at build/cmake/functions.cmake:591 (add_library):
2> Cannot find source file:
2>
2> C:/Users/.../Documents/.../deps/wxwidgets/3rdparty/pcre/src/pcre2_auto_possess.c
2>
2> Tried extensions .c .C .c++ .cc .cpp .cxx .cu .mpp .m .M .mm .ixx .cppm .h
2> .hh .h++ .hm .hpp .hxx .in .txx .f .F .for .f77 .f90 .f95 .f03 .hip .ispc
2>Call Stack (most recent call first):
2> build/cmake/lib/regex.cmake:13 (wx_add_builtin_library)
2> build/cmake/lib/CMakeLists.txt:28 (include)
2>
2>
2>CMake Error at build/cmake/functions.cmake:591 (add_library):
2> Cannot find source file:
2>
2> C:/Users/.../Documents/.../deps/wxwidgets/src/expat/expat/lib/xmlparse.c
2>
2> Tried extensions .c .C .c++ .cc .cpp .cxx .cu .mpp .m .M .mm .ixx .cppm .h
2> .hh .h++ .hm .hpp .hxx .in .txx .f .F .for .f77 .f90 .f95 .f03 .hip .ispc
2>Call Stack (most recent call first):
2> build/cmake/lib/expat.cmake:13 (wx_add_builtin_library)
2> build/cmake/lib/CMakeLists.txt:28 (include)
2>
2>
2>CMake Error at build/cmake/functions.cmake:591 (add_library):
2> Cannot find source file:
2>
2> C:/Users/.../Documents/.../deps/wxwidgets/src/tiff/libtiff/tif_win32.c
2>
2> Tried extensions .c .C .c++ .cc .cpp .cxx .cu .mpp .m .M .mm .ixx .cppm .h
2> .hh .h++ .hm .hpp .hxx .in .txx .f .F .for .f77 .f90 .f95 .f03 .hip .ispc
2>Call Stack (most recent call first):
2> build/cmake/lib/tiff.cmake:19 (wx_add_builtin_library)
2> build/cmake/lib/CMakeLists.txt:28 (include)
2>
2>
2>CMake Error at build/cmake/functions.cmake:591 (add_library):
2> No SOURCES given to target: wxregex
2>Call Stack (most recent call first):
2> build/cmake/lib/regex.cmake:13 (wx_add_builtin_library)
2> build/cmake/lib/CMakeLists.txt:28 (include)
2>
2>
2>CMake Error at build/cmake/functions.cmake:591 (add_library):
2> No SOURCES given to target: wxexpat
2>Call Stack (most recent call first):
2> build/cmake/lib/expat.cmake:13 (wx_add_builtin_library)
2> build/cmake/lib/CMakeLists.txt:28 (include)
2>
2>
2>CMake Error at build/cmake/functions.cmake:591 (add_library):
2> No SOURCES given to target: wxtiff
2>Call Stack (most recent call first):
2> build/cmake/lib/tiff.cmake:19 (wx_add_builtin_library)
2> build/cmake/lib/CMakeLists.txt:28 (include)
2>
2>
2>CMake Generate step failed. Build files cannot be regenerated correctly.
2>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\IDE\VC\VCTargets\Microsoft.CppCommon.targets(209,5): error MSB6006: "cmd.exe" exited with code 1.
2>Done building project "wxWidgets.vcxproj" -- FAILED.
我可以将所有其余依赖项设置为
builtin
吗?
首先,您必须进行设置,以便可以通过 CMake(使用其
find_package()
)或配置(使用 pkg-config
)找到现有库。
其次,使用 CMake,我认为您需要显式设置选项,例如
wxUSE_LIBPNG
到 sys
。使用configure构建时,这已经是默认设置,因为configure将首先查找系统库,并且只有在找不到系统库时才使用内置库,但您也可以使用其命令行选项,例如 --with-libpng=sys
强制使用系统库(如果未找到,则配置失败)。
我最近需要使用自定义 zlib 和 libpng 构建 wxWidgets 的交叉编译(在针对 Windows 主机的 Linux 上构建)副本。 我还想让它保持独立,避免任何可能影响其他交叉编译项目构建的“系统”更改。
我没有使用 CMake。 我要分享的只是从 Linux 命令行运行的命令配方,这些命令使用自定义 zlib 和 libpng 构建 wxWidgets。 不确定这是否真的满足您的 CMake 请求,但也许有关构建 wxWidgets 的一些细节可能会有所帮助?
首先是构建 zlib。 它的配置脚本没有用于交叉编译的
--host
选项,但在命令行上设置CC是可行的。 --prefix
选项是安装自定义构建 zlib 和 libpng 的“本地系统”文件夹。
cd ~/wxwidgets/
tar -xf zlib-1.3.1.tar.xz
cd zlib-1.3.1
CC=i686-w64-mingw32-gcc ./configure --prefix=/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw-sys --static
make -j24
make install
构建完成后,您将在“本地系统”位置中看到一个包含 zlib.h 的 include 文件夹,以及一个包含 libz.a 的 lib 文件夹。
然后要构建libpng,你可以使用
--host=i686-w64-mingw32
来告诉它交叉编译。 但它还需要在配置之前在命令行上设置变量CPPFLAGS
和LDFLAGS
,告诉它在哪里可以找到你刚刚构建的“本地系统”libz。
cd ~/wxwidgets/
tar -xf libpng-1.6.44.tar.xz
cd libpng-1.6.44
CPPFLAGS=-I/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw-sys/include LDFLAGS=-L/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw-sys/lib ./configure --prefix=/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw-sys --host=i686-w64-mingw32 --disable-shared
make -j24
make install
完成后,您将看到 libpng 标头和库存档文件已添加到本地系统文件夹中。
然后就可以编译wxWidgets了。 在配置之前,它需要在命令行上设置相同的变量
CPPFLAGS
和LDFLAGS
,以便它可以找到“本地系统”zlib和libpng。 然后使用 --with-zlib=sys
和 --with-libpng=sys
告诉它使用“系统”提供的库。 但是因为你给了它这些 CPPFLAGS
和 LDFLAGS
变量,wxWidgets 会发现你的自定义构建副本作为“系统”库。
wxWidgets 也使用
--host
进行交叉编译,所以不要试图通过设置 CC 来强制它。 这是命令行配方。
cd ~/wxwidgets/
tar -xf wxWidgets-3.2.6.tar.bz2
cd wxWidgets-3.2.6
CPPFLAGS=-I/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw-sys/include LDFLAGS=-L/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw-sys/lib ./configure --prefix=/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw --host=i686-w64-mingw32 --disable-shared --with-cxx=11 --disable-debug --enable-optimise --with-zlib=sys --with-libpng=sys --without-libtiff -with-libjpeg=builtin --disable-compat28 --disable-compat30
make -j 24
make install
完成后,您将拥有一个 wxWidgets 库,它使用您的自定义构建 zlib 和 libpng。 您可以通过运行 wx-config 进行确认,例如
/home/paul/wxwidgets/3.2.6.mingw/bin/wx-config --libs
,您会看到它给出了一个 -L 库文件夹,其中包含您构建 zlib 和 libpng 的“本地系统”位置,当然还有 -lz
和 -lpng
实际使用它们。