是否有人有方便的 C# 代码来对目标计算机执行 ping 和跟踪路由？ 我正在寻找一个纯代码解决方案，而不是我现在正在做的事情，即调用 ping.exe 和tracert.exe 程序并解析输出。 我想要更坚固的东西。
鉴于我今天必须编写一个 TraceRoute 类，我想我不妨分享一下源代码。
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
namespace Answer
{
public class TraceRoute
{
private const string Data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
public static IEnumerable<IPAddress> GetTraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress)
{
return GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, 1);
}
private static IEnumerable<IPAddress> GetTraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress, int ttl)
{
Ping pinger = new Ping();
PingOptions pingerOptions = new PingOptions(ttl, true);
int timeout = 10000;
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data);
PingReply reply = default(PingReply);
reply = pinger.Send(hostNameOrAddress, timeout, buffer, pingerOptions);
List<IPAddress> result = new List<IPAddress>();
if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
{
result.Add(reply.Address);
}
else if (reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired || reply.Status == IPStatus.TimedOut)
{
// Add the currently returned address if an address was found with this TTL
if (reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired) result.Add(reply.Address);
// Recurse to get the next address...
IEnumerable<IPAddress> tempResult = default(IEnumerable<IPAddress>);
tempResult = GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, ttl + 1);
result.AddRange(tempResult);
}
else
{
// Failure
}
return result;
}
}
}
还有 VB 版本供任何想要/需要它的人使用
Public Class TraceRoute
Private Const Data As String = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
Public Shared Function GetTraceRoute(ByVal hostNameOrAddress As String) As IEnumerable(Of IPAddress)
Return GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, 1)
End Function
Private Shared Function GetTraceRoute(ByVal hostNameOrAddress As String, ByVal ttl As Integer) As IEnumerable(Of IPAddress)
Dim pinger As Ping = New Ping
Dim pingerOptions As PingOptions = New PingOptions(ttl, True)
Dim timeout As Integer = 10000
Dim buffer() As Byte = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data)
Dim reply As PingReply
reply = pinger.Send(hostNameOrAddress, timeout, buffer, pingerOptions)
Dim result As List(Of IPAddress) = New List(Of IPAddress)
If reply.Status = IPStatus.Success Then
result.Add(reply.Address)
ElseIf reply.Status = IPStatus.TtlExpired Then
' Add the currently returned address
result.Add(reply.Address)
' Recurse to get the next address...
Dim tempResult As IEnumerable(Of IPAddress)
tempResult = GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, ttl + 1)
result.AddRange(tempResult)
Else
' Failure
End If
Return result
End Function
End Class
这个实现很简单，懒惰（适当可枚举），并且它不会像其他一些答案那样永远搜索（maxTTL）。
public static IEnumerable<IPAddress> GetTraceRoute(string hostname)
{
// following are similar to the defaults in the "traceroute" unix command.
const int timeout = 10000;
const int maxTTL = 30;
const int bufferSize = 32;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
new Random().NextBytes(buffer);
using (var pinger = new Ping())
{
for (int ttl = 1; ttl <= maxTTL; ttl++)
{
PingOptions options = new PingOptions(ttl, true);
PingReply reply = pinger.Send(hostname, timeout, buffer, options);
// we've found a route at this ttl
if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success || reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired)
yield return reply.Address;
// if we reach a status other than expired or timed out, we're done searching or there has been an error
if (reply.Status != IPStatus.TtlExpired && reply.Status != IPStatus.TimedOut)
break;
}
}
}
虽然基类库包含 Ping，但 BCL 不包含任何 Tracert 功能。
但是，快速搜索发现了两个开源尝试，第一个在 C# 中，第二个在 C++ 中：
对于 ping 部分，请查看 MSDN 上的 Ping 类。
这是我能想到的最有效的方法。 如果您喜欢，请投票，以便其他人受益。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
namespace NetRouteAnalysis
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var route = TraceRoute.GetTraceRoute("8.8.8.8")
foreach (var step in route)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{step.Address,-20} {step.Status,-20} \t{step.RoundtripTime} ms");
}
}
}
public static class TraceRoute
{
public static IEnumerable<PingReply> GetTraceRoute(string hostnameOrIp)
{
// Initial variables
var limit = 1000;
var buffer = new byte[32];
var pingOpts = new PingOptions(1, true);
var ping = new Ping();
// Result holder.
PingReply result = null;
do
{
result = ping.Send(hostnameOrIp, 4000, buffer, pingOpts);
pingOpts = new PingOptions(pingOpts.Ttl + 1, pingOpts.DontFragment);
if (result.Status != IPStatus.TimedOut)
{
yield return result;
}
}
while (result.Status != IPStatus.Success && pingOpts.Ttl < limit);
}
}
}
Ping：我们可以使用 .NET Framework 中内置的
Ping实例化一个
PingPingCompletedPing pingSender = new Ping();
pingSender.PingCompleted += PingCompletedCallback;
添加代码来配置和操作 ping，例如：
string data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
string who = "www.google.com";
AutoResetEvent waiter = new AutoResetEvent(false);
int timeout = 12000;
PingOptions options = new PingOptions(64, true);
pingSender.SendAsync(who, timeout, buffer, options, waiter);
PingCompletedEventHandlerpublic static void PingCompletedCallback(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e)
{
... Do stuff here
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string who = "www.google.com";
AutoResetEvent waiter = new AutoResetEvent(false);
Ping pingSender = new Ping();
// When the PingCompleted event is raised,
// the PingCompletedCallback method is called.
pingSender.PingCompleted += PingCompletedCallback;
// Create a buffer of 32 bytes of data to be transmitted.
string data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Wait 12 seconds for a reply.
int timeout = 12000;
// Set options for transmission:
// The data can go through 64 gateways or routers
// before it is destroyed, and the data packet
// cannot be fragmented.
PingOptions options = new PingOptions(64, true);
Console.WriteLine("Time to live: {0}", options.Ttl);
Console.WriteLine("Don't fragment: {0}", options.DontFragment);
// Send the ping asynchronously.
// Use the waiter as the user token.
// When the callback completes, it can wake up this thread.
pingSender.SendAsync(who, timeout, buffer, options, waiter);
// Prevent this example application from ending.
// A real application should do something useful
// when possible.
waiter.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine("Ping example completed.");
}
public static void PingCompletedCallback(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e)
{
// If the operation was canceled, display a message to the user.
if (e.Cancelled)
{
Console.WriteLine("Ping canceled.");
// Let the main thread resume.
// UserToken is the AutoResetEvent object that the main thread
// is waiting for.
((AutoResetEvent)e.UserState).Set();
}
// If an error occurred, display the exception to the user.
if (e.Error != null)
{
Console.WriteLine("Ping failed:");
Console.WriteLine(e.Error.ToString());
// Let the main thread resume.
((AutoResetEvent)e.UserState).Set();
}
Console.WriteLine($"Roundtrip Time: {e.Reply.RoundtripTime}");
// Let the main thread resume.
((AutoResetEvent)e.UserState).Set();
}
作为对上面斯科特代码答案的改进，我发现如果路线在到达目的地之前逐渐变细，他的解决方案就不起作用 - 它永远不会返回。至少有部分路线的更好解决方案可能是这样的（我已经测试过并且效果很好）。您可以将 for 循环中的“20”更改为更大或更小的值，或者如果您想以其他方式控制迭代次数，则尝试检测它是否花费了太长的时间。原始代码完全归功于 Scott - 谢谢。
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
...
public static void TraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress)
{
for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
{
IPAddress ip = GetTraceRoute(hostNameOrAddress, i);
if(ip == null)
{
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(ip.ToString());
}
}
private static IPAddress GetTraceRoute(string hostNameOrAddress, int ttl)
{
const string Data = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
Ping pinger = new Ping();
PingOptions pingerOptions = new PingOptions(ttl, true);
int timeout = 10000;
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data);
PingReply reply = default(PingReply);
reply = pinger.Send(hostNameOrAddress, timeout, buffer, pingerOptions);
List<IPAddress> result = new List<IPAddress>();
if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success || reply.Status == IPStatus.TtlExpired)
{
return reply.Address;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}