使用 Perl CGI 突出显示特定单词

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我有一个 Perl CGI 脚本，用于在不同类型的文本中查找关键字并生成排序的输出。

当前的输出看起来像这样

present output

对于关键字“the”。

但我想在此输出中以粗体突出显示关键字“the”。

怎么可能做到这一点？

我尝试使用

Term::ANSIColor
，但它以粗体打印整个句子，而不仅仅是关键字。

我的 CGI 脚本如下所示：

#!/usr/bin/perl

# require
use warnings;
use diagnostics;

use CGI;
use File::Basename;

my $q = new CGI;
print "Content-type: text/plain\n\n";

#initialize variables
my $target  = $q->param( "keyword" );
my $radius  = $q->param( "span" );
my $ordinal = $q->param( "ord" );
my $width   = 2 * $radius;

#print standard output
print "****************************\n";
print "*      SEARCH RESULTS      *\n";
print "****************************\n";
print "Your Search word is: $target\n\n";
print "Your Radius is     : $radius\n\n";
print "Your Ordinal is    : $ordinal\n\n";
print "-----------------------------------------------------------\n\n";

#normal concordance for abstract text
my @files = glob( 'ABS/*.txt' );
for my $file ( @files ) {

    my $path      = glob( 'ABS/*.txt' );
    my $file_name = basename( $path );

    # initialize
    my $count = 0;
    my @lines = ();
    $/ = "";    # Paragraph read mode

    # open the file, and process each line in it
    open( FILE, " < $file" ) or die( "Can not open $file ($!).\n" );
    while ( <FILE> ) {

        # re-initialize
        my $extract = '';

        # normalize the data
        chomp;
        s/\n/ /g;           # Replace new lines with spaces
        s/\b--\b/ -- /g;    # Add spaces around dashes

        # process each item if the target is found
        while ( $_ =~ /\b$target\b/gi ) {

            # find start position
            my $match = $1;
            my $pos   = pos;
            my $start = $pos - $radius - length( $match );

            # extract the snippets
            if ( $start < 0 ) {

                $extract = substr( $_, 0, $width + $start + length( $match ) );
                $extract = ( " " x -$start ) . $extract;
            }
            else {

                $extract = substr( $_, $start, $width + length( $match ) );
                my $deficit = $width + length( $match ) - length( $extract );

                if ( $deficit > 0 ) {
                    $extract .= ( " " x $deficit );
                }
            }

            # add the extracted text to the list of lines, and increment
            $lines[$count] = $extract;
            ++$count;

        }
    }

    sub removePunctuation {
        my $string = $_[0];

        $string = lc( $string );     # Convert to lowercase
        $string =~ s/[^-a-z ]//g;    # Remove non-aplhabetic characters
        $string =~ s/--+/ /g;        # Remove 2+ hyphens with a space
        $string =~ s/-//g;           # Remove hyphens
        $string =~ s/\s=/ /g;

        return ( $string );
    }

    sub onLeft {

        #USAGE: $word = onLeft($string, $radius, $ordinal);

        my $left = substr( $_[0], 0, $_[1] );
        $left = removePunctuation( $left );
        my @word = split( /\s+/, $left );

        return ( $word[ -$_[2] ] );
    }

    sub byLeftWords {

        my $left_a = onLeft( $a, $radius, $ordinal );
        my $left_b = onLeft( $b, $radius, $ordinal );

        lc( $left_a ) cmp lc( $left_b );
    }

    # process each line in the list of lines

    my $line_number = 0;
    print "File name: $file_name \n\n";

    foreach my $x ( sort byLeftWords @lines ) {
        ++$line_number;
        printf "%5d", $line_number;
        print " $x\n\n";

    }

    print "------------------------------------------------------------\n\n";
}

# done
exit;

谢谢。

perl cgi
1个回答
3
投票

您无法控制 

text/plain
文档中显示的字符样式。 
Term::ANSIColor
当然不会工作，因为浏览器无法识别 ANSI 终端转义序列，这只能在您的控制台上工作

如果您将输出编写为 HTML，那么您只需要将 

<strong>...</strong>
放在要加粗的单词周围

或者，更好的是，你可以编写这样的 CSS 样式

.bold {
    font-weight: bold;
}

并将单词包裹在 

<span class="bold">...</span>

中

更新

要将文本文档转换为 HTML，最简单的方法是将其包装在 

<pre>...</pre>
（“预格式化”）元素中，并将其放入标准 HTML 结构中。小于
<
、大于
>
和与号
&
字符必须分别替换为对应的实体
&lt;
、
&gt;
和
&amp;
，并且可以将你想要的单词用粗体包裹起来
<strong>
标签

对大多数现代浏览器也友好的最小 HTML5 文档看起来像这样

<!doctype html>
<html lang=en>
  <head>
    <meta charset=UTF-8>
    <title>Search Results</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <pre>
Content of my report
with words to be in bold wrapped in <strong> tags
and characters `<`, `>`, and `&` replaced by
`&lt;`, `&gt;` and `&amp;` respectively
    </pre>
  </body>
</html>
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