本机映像可以警告 JVM 链接错误吗？

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

Java 类在运行时链接，这意味着如果以不兼容的方式替换类，则在运行应用程序时可能会导致 

Error
。

例如，让我们学习以下课程：

public class Main{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SomeClass.doSomething();
    }
}
public class SomeClass{
    public static void doSomething(){}
}

如果我们一起编译这两个类（

javac Main.java SomeClass.java
）并运行
Main
，它就会成功运行。

但是，如果我们修改

SomeClass
（无论出于何种原因，它可能是一个库）并重新编译它而不重新编译
Main
：

public class SomeClass{
    public static void doSomethingNew(){}//name change here
}

我们（如预期）得到 

NoSuchMethodError
，因为 
Main
指的是 
SomeClass
。同样，如果我们删除 
NoClassDefFoundError
并运行 
SomeClass.class
，我们会得到 
Main
。

但是，当使用 GraalVM 的 

native-image
工具时，我们有一个封闭世界假设，这意味着所使用的所有类都必须在映像构建时已知并且无法修改。如果类不兼容或缺失，我们在运行图像时仍然会得到 
NoSuchMethodError
/
NoClassDefFoundError
（或类似的 
LinkageError
），因为此行为是规范强制要求的：

$ native-image -Ob Main
========================================================================================================================
GraalVM Native Image: Generating 'main' (executable)...
========================================================================================================================
[1/8] Initializing...                                                                                    (2.9s @ 0.11GB)
 Java version: 21.0.2+13-LTS, vendor version: Oracle GraalVM 21.0.2+13.1
 Graal compiler: optimization level: b, target machine: x86-64-v3, PGO: off
 C compiler: gcc (linux, x86_64, 14.2.0)
 Garbage collector: Serial GC (max heap size: 80% of RAM)
 1 user-specific feature(s):
 - com.oracle.svm.thirdparty.gson.GsonFeature
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Build resources:
 - 11.27GB of memory (75.6% of 14.92GB system memory, determined at start)
 - 8 thread(s) (100.0% of 8 available processor(s), determined at start)
[2/8] Performing analysis...  [******]                                                                   (8.4s @ 0.19GB)
    2,133 reachable types   (62.1% of    3,437 total)
    2,066 reachable fields  (45.9% of    4,504 total)
   10,042 reachable methods (39.3% of   25,580 total)
      741 types,   112 fields, and   476 methods registered for reflection
       49 types,    34 fields, and    48 methods registered for JNI access
        4 native libraries: dl, pthread, rt, z
[3/8] Building universe...                                                                               (1.3s @ 0.22GB)
[4/8] Parsing methods...      [*]                                                                        (0.9s @ 0.22GB)
[5/8] Inlining methods...     [***]                                                                      (1.0s @ 0.25GB)
[6/8] Compiling methods...    [**]                                                                       (4.9s @ 0.25GB)
[7/8] Layouting methods...    [*]                                                                        (0.7s @ 0.32GB)
[8/8] Creating image...       [*]                                                                        (1.5s @ 0.21GB)
   2.38MB (37.07%) for code area:     5,565 compilation units
   3.61MB (56.37%) for image heap:   58,333 objects and 43 resources
 430.86kB ( 6.56%) for other data
   6.41MB in total
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Top 10 origins of code area:                                Top 10 object types in image heap:
   1.26MB java.base                                          733.53kB byte[] for java.lang.String
 930.06kB svm.jar (Native Image)                             696.27kB byte[] for code metadata
  84.88kB com.oracle.svm.svm_enterprise                      390.05kB java.lang.String
  19.45kB org.graalvm.nativeimage.base                       389.10kB heap alignment
  17.37kB jdk.internal.vm.ci                                 339.78kB java.lang.Class
  15.33kB jdk.proxy3                                         157.38kB java.util.HashMap$Node
  14.99kB jdk.proxy1                                         114.01kB char[]
  14.47kB org.graalvm.collections                            102.19kB byte[] for reflection metadata
   4.97kB jdk.internal.vm.compiler                            88.68kB java.lang.Object[]
   3.62kB jdk.proxy2                                          83.32kB com.oracle.svm.core.hub.DynamicHubCompanion
  471.00B for 1 more packages                                605.70kB for 575 more object types
                              Use '-H:+BuildReport' to create a report with more details.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Security report:
 - Binary does not include Java deserialization.
 - Use '--enable-sbom' to embed a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) in the binary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Recommendations:
 G1GC: Use the G1 GC ('--gc=G1') for improved latency and throughput.
 PGO:  Use Profile-Guided Optimizations ('--pgo') for improved throughput.
 INIT: Adopt '--strict-image-heap' to prepare for the next GraalVM release.
 HEAP: Set max heap for improved and more predictable memory usage.
 CPU:  Enable more CPU features with '-march=native' for improved performance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        1.5s (6.7% of total time) in 101 GCs | Peak RSS: 0.77GB | CPU load: 5.29
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Produced artifacts:
 /tmp/y/main (executable)
========================================================================================================================
Finished generating 'main' in 21.9s.
$ ./main 
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: SomeClass.doSomething()
    at Main.main(Main.java:3)
    at [email protected]/java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$DMH/sa346b79c.invokeStaticInit(LambdaForm$DMH)

在构建输出中，我没有看到任何提及或警告某些类不兼容的信息。我还尝试使用 

--initialize-at-build-time=Main,SomeClass
或 
--strict-image-heap
等选项，但这并没有改变这种行为。

是否有可能（例如通过CLI选项或通过实现自定义功能）让

native-image
警告我类似的不兼容性，因为它无论如何都必须检查它们（为了模仿上述
LinkageError
）（也许我我只是忽略了一个选项）？
如果
native-image
根本不可能做到这一点，或者实施时存在问题，这些问题是什么？

java jvm graalvm graalvm-native-image linkageerror
1个回答
0
投票

下面的命令将检查所有类型是否已完全定义

native-image --link-at-build-time -Ob Main

--link-at-build-time：要求在本机可执行文件构建时完全定义类型。如果不带参数使用，则选项范围内的所有类都需要完全定义。

ozkan@hp-envy-2021-i7-nvidia:~/tmp$ native-image  --link-at-build-time -Ob Main
========================================================================================================================
GraalVM Native Image: Generating 'main' (executable)...
========================================================================================================================
[1/8] Initializing...                                                                                    (3.8s @ 0.07GB)
 Java version: 23.0.1+11, vendor version: GraalVM CE 23.0.1+11.1
 Graal compiler: optimization level: b, target machine: x86-64-v3
 C compiler: gcc (linux, x86_64, 13.2.0)
 Garbage collector: Serial GC (max heap size: 80% of RAM)
 1 user-specific feature(s):
 - com.oracle.svm.thirdparty.gson.GsonFeature
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Build resources:
 - 5.78GB of memory (75.6% of 7.64GB system memory, determined at start)
 - 8 thread(s) (100.0% of 8 available processor(s), determined at start)
[2/8] Performing analysis...  [****]                                                                    (18.7s @ 0.33GB)
    3,294 reachable types   (70.7% of    4,662 total)
    3,865 reachable fields  (43.6% of    8,874 total)
   15,492 reachable methods (44.3% of   34,972 total)
    1,029 types,    14 fields, and   138 methods registered for reflection
       57 types,    57 fields, and    52 methods registered for JNI access
        4 native libraries: dl, pthread, rt, z

Error: Aborting stand-alone image build. Discovered unresolved method during parsing: SomeClass.doSomething(). This error is reported at image build time because class Main is registered for linking at image build time by command line and command line.
Error encountered while parsing com.oracle.svm.core.JavaMainWrapper.invokeMain(JavaMainWrapper.java:169)
Parsing context:
   at com.oracle.svm.core.JavaMainWrapper.runCore0(JavaMainWrapper.java:232)
   at com.oracle.svm.core.JavaMainWrapper.doRun(JavaMainWrapper.java:299)
   at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.JavaMainWrapper_run_XNhh1mz2Ib2aPR1wdv014D(generated:0)
   at static root method.(Unknown Source)

Detailed message:

Caused by: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Discovered unresolved method during parsing: SomeClass.doSomething(). This error is reported at image build time because class Main is registered for linking at image build time by command line and command line.
Error encountered while parsing com.oracle.svm.core.JavaMainWrapper.invokeMain(JavaMainWrapper.java:169)
Parsing context:
   at com.oracle.svm.core.JavaMainWrapper.runCore0(JavaMainWrapper.java:232)
   at com.oracle.svm.core.JavaMainWrapper.doRun(JavaMainWrapper.java:299)
   at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.JavaMainWrapper_run_XNhh1mz2Ib2aPR1wdv014D(generated:0)
   at static root method.(Unknown Source)

Detailed message:

        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatures.report(UnsupportedFeatures.java:126)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.runPointsToAnalysis(NativeImageGenerator.java:866)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.doRun(NativeImageGenerator.java:592)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.run(NativeImageGenerator.java:554)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.buildImage(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:528)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.build(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:711)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.start(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:139)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.main(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:94)
Caused by: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnresolvedElementException: Discovered unresolved method during parsing: SomeClass.doSomething(). This error is reported at image build time because class Main is registered for linking at image build time by command line and command line.
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.reportUnresolvedElement(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:604)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.reportUnresolvedElement(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:598)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.handleUnresolvedMethod(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:525)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.handleUnresolvedInvoke(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:411)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.genInvokeStatic(BytecodeParser.java:1857)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.genInvokeStatic(BytecodeParser.java:1836)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.processBytecode(BytecodeParser.java:5778)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.iterateBytecodesForBlock(BytecodeParser.java:3737)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.iterateBytecodesForBlock(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:951)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.handleBytecodeBlock(BytecodeParser.java:3697)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.processBlock(BytecodeParser.java:3544)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.build(BytecodeParser.java:1163)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.build(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:205)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.buildRootMethod(BytecodeParser.java:1055)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.GraphBuilderPhase$Instance.run(GraphBuilderPhase.java:103)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase.run(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:157)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.Phase.run(Phase.java:49)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.BasePhase.apply(BasePhase.java:468)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.Phase.apply(Phase.java:42)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.Phase.apply(Phase.java:38)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.AnalysisParsedGraph.parseBytecode(AnalysisParsedGraph.java:144)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMethod.parseGraph(AnalysisMethod.java:916)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMethod.ensureGraphParsedHelper(AnalysisMethod.java:881)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMethod.ensureGraphParsed(AnalysisMethod.java:864)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.lookupEncodedGraph(InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.java:181)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.doInline(PEGraphDecoder.java:1215)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.tryInline(PEGraphDecoder.java:1198)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.trySimplifyInvoke(PEGraphDecoder.java:1053)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.handleInvokeWithCallTarget(PEGraphDecoder.java:1005)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.handleMethodHandle(InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.java:298)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.nodes.GraphDecoder.processNextNode(GraphDecoder.java:929)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.processNextNode(InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.java:269)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.nodes.GraphDecoder.decode(GraphDecoder.java:654)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.decode(PEGraphDecoder.java:895)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysis.decodeGraph(InlineBeforeAnalysis.java:73)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlowBuilder.parse(MethodTypeFlowBuilder.java:200)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlowBuilder.apply(MethodTypeFlowBuilder.java:652)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.createFlowsGraph(MethodTypeFlow.java:167)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.ensureFlowsGraphCreated(MethodTypeFlow.java:152)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.getOrCreateMethodFlowsGraphInfo(MethodTypeFlow.java:110)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.typestate.DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.lambda$update$0(DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.java:75)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.LightImmutableCollection.forEach(LightImmutableCollection.java:90)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.typestate.DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.update(DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.java:74)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis$1.run(PointsToAnalysis.java:575)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.executeCommand(CompletionExecutor.java:166)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.lambda$executeService$0(CompletionExecutor.java:152)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1726)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1717)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$InterruptibleTask.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1641)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:507)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.externalHelpQuiesce(ForkJoinPool.java:2535)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.helpQuiescePool(ForkJoinPool.java:2569)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.awaitQuiescence(ForkJoinPool.java:3808)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.complete(CompletionExecutor.java:208)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis.doTypeflow(PointsToAnalysis.java:613)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis.finish(PointsToAnalysis.java:601)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.AbstractAnalysisEngine.runAnalysis(AbstractAnalysisEngine.java:157)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.runPointsToAnalysis(NativeImageGenerator.java:832)
        ... 6 more
Caused by: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnresolvedElementException: Discovered unresolved method during parsing: SomeClass.doSomething(). This error is reported at image build time because class Main is registered for linking at image build time by command line and command line.
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.reportUnresolvedElement(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:604)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.reportUnresolvedElement(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:598)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.handleUnresolvedMethod(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:525)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.handleUnresolvedInvoke(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:411)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.genInvokeStatic(BytecodeParser.java:1857)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.genInvokeStatic(BytecodeParser.java:1836)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.processBytecode(BytecodeParser.java:5778)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.iterateBytecodesForBlock(BytecodeParser.java:3737)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.iterateBytecodesForBlock(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:951)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.handleBytecodeBlock(BytecodeParser.java:3697)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.processBlock(BytecodeParser.java:3544)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.build(BytecodeParser.java:1163)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase$SharedBytecodeParser.build(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:205)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.BytecodeParser.buildRootMethod(BytecodeParser.java:1055)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.java.GraphBuilderPhase$Instance.run(GraphBuilderPhase.java:103)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.phases.SharedGraphBuilderPhase.run(SharedGraphBuilderPhase.java:157)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.Phase.run(Phase.java:49)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.BasePhase.apply(BasePhase.java:468)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.Phase.apply(Phase.java:42)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.phases.Phase.apply(Phase.java:38)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.AnalysisParsedGraph.parseBytecode(AnalysisParsedGraph.java:144)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMethod.parseGraph(AnalysisMethod.java:916)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMethod.ensureGraphParsedHelper(AnalysisMethod.java:881)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMethod.ensureGraphParsed(AnalysisMethod.java:864)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.lookupEncodedGraph(InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.java:181)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.doInline(PEGraphDecoder.java:1215)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.tryInline(PEGraphDecoder.java:1198)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.trySimplifyInvoke(PEGraphDecoder.java:1053)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.handleInvokeWithCallTarget(PEGraphDecoder.java:1005)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.handleMethodHandle(InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.java:298)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.nodes.GraphDecoder.processNextNode(GraphDecoder.java:929)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.processNextNode(InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.java:269)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.nodes.GraphDecoder.decode(GraphDecoder.java:654)
        at jdk.graal.compiler/jdk.graal.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.decode(PEGraphDecoder.java:895)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysis.decodeGraph(InlineBeforeAnalysis.java:73)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlowBuilder.parse(MethodTypeFlowBuilder.java:200)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlowBuilder.apply(MethodTypeFlowBuilder.java:652)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.createFlowsGraph(MethodTypeFlow.java:167)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.ensureFlowsGraphCreated(MethodTypeFlow.java:152)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.getOrCreateMethodFlowsGraphInfo(MethodTypeFlow.java:110)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.typestate.DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.lambda$update$0(DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.java:75)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.LightImmutableCollection.forEach(LightImmutableCollection.java:90)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.typestate.DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.update(DefaultStaticInvokeTypeFlow.java:74)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis$1.run(PointsToAnalysis.java:575)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.executeCommand(CompletionExecutor.java:166)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.lambda$executeService$0(CompletionExecutor.java:152)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1726)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1717)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$InterruptibleTask.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1641)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:507)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.externalHelpQuiesce(ForkJoinPool.java:2535)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.helpQuiescePool(ForkJoinPool.java:2569)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.awaitQuiescence(ForkJoinPool.java:3808)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.complete(CompletionExecutor.java:208)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis.doTypeflow(PointsToAnalysis.java:613)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis.finish(PointsToAnalysis.java:601)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.AbstractAnalysisEngine.runAnalysis(AbstractAnalysisEngine.java:157)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.runPointsToAnalysis(NativeImageGenerator.java:832)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.doRun(NativeImageGenerator.java:592)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.run(NativeImageGenerator.java:554)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.buildImage(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:528)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.build(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:711)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.start(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:139)
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGeneratorRunner.main(NativeImageGeneratorRunner.java:94)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        1.1s (4.9% of total time) in 191 GCs | Peak RSS: 0.67GB | CPU load: 6.18
========================================================================================================================
Failed generating 'main' after 22.9s.
Generating fallback image...
Warning: Image 'main' is a fallback image that requires a JDK for execution (use --no-fallback to suppress fallback image generation and to print more detailed information why a fallback image was necessary).
ozkan@hp-envy-2021-i7-nvidia:~/tmp$

如果与 

--no-fallback
一起使用，构建将会失败，否则它会生成 main 并抛出错误 
NoSuchMethodError
。

native-image --no-fallback --link-at-build-time -Ob Main
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