我写了一个基本的Android应用程序，并希望在版本23.4.0中使用Android支持库，因为我的编译，最小和目标sdk版本是23。
我也使用firebase消息传递。该应用程序编译没有错误，但在运行时我在日志文件中得到巨大的错误。该应用程序不会崩溃，但日志是垃圾邮件错误和警告。例如，此错误显示为红色：
2019-03-08 10:59:42.527 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp E/FirebaseApp: Firebase API initialization failure.
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zza(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:797)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zze(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:763)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:359)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:324)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:310)
at com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.onCreate(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:53)
at android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(ContentProvider.java:1940)
at android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(ContentProvider.java:1915)
at com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.attachInfo(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:47)
at android.app.ActivityThread.installProvider(ActivityThread.java:6737)
at android.app.ActivityThread.installContentProviders(ActivityThread.java:6284)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:6199)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1200(ActivityThread.java:237)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1785)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7045)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:493)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:964)
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method zzbsv()Ljava/lang/String; in class Lcom/google/firebase/FirebaseApp; or its super classes (declaration of 'com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp' appears in /data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk)
at com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseAuth.zzb(Unknown Source:3)
at com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseAuth.getInstance(Unknown Source:0)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zza(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:797)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zze(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:763)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:359)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:324)
at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:310)
at com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.onCreate(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:53)
at android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(ContentProvider.java:1940)
at android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(ContentProvider.java:1915)
at com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.attachInfo(com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:47)
at android.app.ActivityThread.installProvider(ActivityThread.java:6737)
at android.app.ActivityThread.installContentProviders(ActivityThread.java:6284)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:6199)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1200(ActivityThread.java:237)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1785)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7045)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:493)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:964)
同样在日志文件中，有多个（如20个）错误消息以白色显示。它们看起来都很相似，如：
Rejecting re-init on previously-failed class java.lang.Class<com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseUser>: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Lcom/google/android/gms/internal/zzbgl;
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.Class.classForName(java.lang.String, boolean, java.lang.ClassLoader) (Class.java:-2)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.Class.forName(java.lang.String, boolean, java.lang.ClassLoader) (Class.java:453)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.Class.forName(java.lang.String) (Class.java:378)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zza(java.lang.Class, java.lang.Object, java.lang.Iterable, boolean) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:792)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zze() (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:763)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(android.content.Context, com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions, java.lang.String) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:359)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(android.content.Context, com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:324)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(android.content.Context) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:310)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at boolean com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.onCreate() (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:53)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(android.content.Context, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo, boolean) (ContentProvider.java:1940)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(android.content.Context, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo) (ContentProvider.java:1915)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.attachInfo(android.content.Context, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:47)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at android.app.ContentProviderHolder android.app.ActivityThread.installProvider(android.content.Context, android.app.ContentProviderHolder, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo, boolean, boolean, boolean) (ActivityThread.java:6737)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.installContentProviders(android.content.Context, java.util.List) (ActivityThread.java:6284)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(android.app.ActivityThread$AppBindData) (ActivityThread.java:6199)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.access$1200(android.app.ActivityThread, android.app.ActivityThread$AppBindData) (ActivityThread.java:237)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(android.os.Message) (ActivityThread.java:1785)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(android.os.Message) (Handler.java:106)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.os.Looper.loop() (Looper.java:214)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.main(java.lang.String[]) (ActivityThread.java:7045)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Object java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object[]) (Method.java:-2)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run() (RuntimeInit.java:493)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(java.lang.String[]) (ZygoteInit.java:964)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.google.android.gms.internal.zzbgl" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/system/framework/org.apache.http.legacy.boot.jar", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/base.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_resources_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk", zip file "/data/app/de.my.prettyapp-kbqktdTn67S7-9ayMAcb8g==/split_lib_slice_5_apk.apk", zip file
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(java.lang.String) (BaseDexClassLoader.java:134)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(java.lang.String, boolean) (ClassLoader.java:379)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(java.lang.String) (ClassLoader.java:312)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.Class.classForName(java.lang.String, boolean, java.lang.ClassLoader) (Class.java:-2)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.Class.forName(java.lang.String, boolean, java.lang.ClassLoader) (Class.java:453)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Class java.lang.Class.forName(java.lang.String) (Class.java:378)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zza(java.lang.Class, java.lang.Object, java.lang.Iterable, boolean) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:792)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.zze() (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:763)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(android.content.Context, com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions, java.lang.String) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:359)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(android.content.Context, com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:324)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp.initializeApp(android.content.Context) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:310)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at boolean com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.onCreate() (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:53)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(android.content.Context, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo, boolean) (ContentProvider.java:1940)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.content.ContentProvider.attachInfo(android.content.Context, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo) (ContentProvider.java:1915)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider.attachInfo(android.content.Context, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo) (com.google.firebase:firebase-common@@16.0.2:47)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at android.app.ContentProviderHolder android.app.ActivityThread.installProvider(android.content.Context, android.app.ContentProviderHolder, android.content.pm.ProviderInfo, boolean, boolean, boolean) (ActivityThread.java:6737)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.installContentProviders(android.content.Context, java.util.List) (ActivityThread.java:6284)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(android.app.ActivityThread$AppBindData) (ActivityThread.java:6199)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.access$1200(android.app.ActivityThread, android.app.ActivityThread$AppBindData) (ActivityThread.java:237)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(android.os.Message) (ActivityThread.java:1785)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(android.os.Message) (Handler.java:106)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.os.Looper.loop() (Looper.java:214)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void android.app.ActivityThread.main(java.lang.String[]) (ActivityThread.java:7045)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at java.lang.Object java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object[]) (Method.java:-2)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run() (RuntimeInit.java:493)
2019-03-08 10:59:42.297 20093-20093/de.my.prettyapp I/my.prettyapp: at void com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(java.lang.String[]) (ZygoteInit.java:964)
在这篇文章（StackOverflow Answer）中，解决方案是不混合android支持库。所以我查看了我的app.gradle文件，发现以下警告：
行：实现'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.4.0'
警告：
所有com.android.support库必须使用完全相同的版本规范（混合版本可能导致运行时崩溃）。找到的版本26.1.0,23.4.0。示例包括com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0和com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:23.4.0
整个app gradle文件是：
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
android {
//compileSdkVersion 28
compileSdkVersion 23
defaultConfig {
applicationId "de.my.prettyapp"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 23
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
multiDexEnabled true
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
dexOptions {
javaMaxHeapSize "4g"
}
lintOptions {
abortOnError false
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.7'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:17.4.0'
implementation 'com.firebase:firebase-jobdispatcher:0.8.5'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1'
implementation 'net.zetetic:android-database-sqlcipher:4.0.1@aar'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
implementation group: 'com.squareup.okhttp', name: 'okhttp', version: '2.5.0'
implementation('com.squareup.retrofit:converter-simplexml:2.0.0-beta2')
{
exclude module: 'stax'
exclude module: 'stax-api'
exclude module: 'xpp3'
}
// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.nanohttpd/nanohttpd
implementation group: 'com.nanohttpd', name: 'nanohttpd', version: '2.1.0'
implementation "commons-io:commons-io:+"
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:16.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.4.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:support-v13:23.4.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:23.4.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:23.4.0'
implementation 'com.squareup:otto:1.3.8'
implementation 'com.jakewharton.timber:timber:4.3.0'
//compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:10.2.1'
// implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:12.0.1'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:2.0.0-beta2'
implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta2'
}
为什么android studio告诉我有混合支持库版本？我在gradle文件中看到的只有版本23.4.0！
为什么会出现这些火灾基础错误（我甚至不知道它们的含义：D）？ （Firebase消息传递工作正常btw）。
您可以强制gradle使用相同版本的支持库。将以下代码行放在应用程序的build.gradle文件和android块中。
android {
configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy.force 'com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:1.3.9'
}
}