如何按主机而不是按项目迭代列表？

Question

我有以下 Ansible 剧本（我使用的是 2.9.21），它工作得很好，正如我希望的那样：

- name: Sync package_00 package to the remote hosts
  ansible.builtin.synchronize:
    src: /home/ansible/files/package_00
    dest: /tmp/
    recursive: false
    archive: false
    checksum: true
    delete: false

- name: Sync package_01 package to the remote hosts
  ansible.builtin.synchronize:
    src: /home/ansible/files/package_01
    dest: /tmp/
    recursive: false
    archive: false
    checksum: true
    delete: false

- name: Sync package_02 package to the remote hosts
  ansible.builtin.synchronize:
    src: /home/ansible/files/package_02
    dest: /tmp/
    recursive: false
    archive: false
    checksum: true
    delete: false

它正确地抓取第一个任务并将第一个文件 package_00 复制到所有指定的主机。一旦第一个文件准备好，它就会启动第二个文件。

现在，由于我有大量文件，并且上面提到的示例非常丑陋，因此最好有一些循环或 with_items 解决方案，但不幸的是我无法实现与所描述的完全相同的功能。每当我更改为类似的内容时，执行都完全不同：

- name: Sync the packages to the remote host
  ansible.builtin.synchronize:
    src: /home/ansible/files/package_{{ item }}
    dest: /tmp/
    recursive: false
    archive: false
    checksum: true
    delete: false
  loop: "{{ range(0, 100) | list }}"

现在 Ansible 尝试将所有文件复制到第一台主机，然后将所有文件复制到第二台主机，依此类推。

我尝试过使用loop、with_items、serial关键字进行实验，但没有成功。

Answer 1

由于显着的开销、性能下降和运行时间增加，以下最小示例展示了如何实现此类行为。

库存

example.ini

[managed]
remote.example.com
managed.example.com
external.example.com

任务文件

debug.yml

  - name: "Loop included {{ item }}"
    debug:
      msg: "package_{{ ansible_loop.index0 }}"

剧本

main.yml

---
- hosts: managed
  become: false
  gather_facts: false

  tasks:

    - name: Loop directly
      debug:
        msg: "package_{{ item }}"
      loop: "{{ range(0, 3) | list }}"

    - name: Include
      include_tasks:
        file: debug.yml
      loop: "{{ ansible_play_hosts }}"
      loop_control:
        extended: true

通过

致电

ansible-playbook --inventory example.ini main.yml

结果输出和运行时间

PLAY [managed] *****************************************************************************************************
Friday 04 October 2024  18:46:44 +0200 (0:00:00.027)       0:00:00.027 ********

TASK [Loop directly] ***********************************************************************************************
ok: [remote.example.com] => (item=0) =>
  msg: package_0
ok: [remote.example.com] => (item=1) =>
  msg: package_1
ok: [remote.example.com] => (item=2) =>
  msg: package_2
ok: [managed.example.com] => (item=0) =>
  msg: package_0
ok: [managed.example.com] => (item=1) =>
  msg: package_1
ok: [external.example.com] => (item=0) =>
  msg: package_0
ok: [managed.example.com] => (item=2) =>
  msg: package_2
ok: [external.example.com] => (item=1) =>
  msg: package_1
ok: [external.example.com] => (item=2) =>
  msg: package_2
Friday 04 October 2024  18:46:44 +0200 (0:00:00.065)       0:00:00.093 ********

TASK [Include] *****************************************************************************************************
included: debug.yml for remote.example.com, managed.example.com, external.example.com => (item=remote.example.com)
included: debug.yml for remote.example.com, managed.example.com, external.example.com => (item=managed.example.com)
included: debug.yml for remote.example.com, managed.example.com, external.example.com => (item=external.example.com)
Friday 04 October 2024  18:46:45 +0200 (0:00:00.048)       0:00:00.141 ********

TASK [Loop included remote.example.com] ****************************************************************************
ok: [remote.example.com] =>
  msg: package_0
ok: [managed.example.com] =>
  msg: package_0
ok: [external.example.com] =>
  msg: package_0
Friday 04 October 2024  18:46:45 +0200 (0:00:00.037)       0:00:00.179 ********

TASK [Loop included managed.example.com] ***************************************************************************
ok: [remote.example.com] =>
  msg: package_1
ok: [managed.example.com] =>
  msg: package_1
ok: [external.example.com] =>
  msg: package_1
Friday 04 October 2024  18:46:45 +0200 (0:00:00.036)       0:00:00.215 ********

TASK [Loop included external.example.com] **************************************************************************
ok: [remote.example.com] =>
  msg: package_2
ok: [managed.example.com] =>
  msg: package_2
ok: [external.example.com] =>
  msg: package_2

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************
external.example.com       : ok=7    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
managed.example.com        : ok=7    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
remote.example.com         : ok=7    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

Playbook run took 0 days, 0 hours, 0 minutes, 0 seconds
Friday 04 October 2024  18:46:45 +0200 (0:00:00.067)       0:00:00.283 ********
===============================================================================
Loop included external.example.com --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.07s
Loop directly ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.07s
Include ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.05s
Loop included remote.example.com ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.04s
Loop included managed.example.com ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.04s