我目前正在开发一款游戏，试图提高我的初学蟒蛇技能。我的游戏在最基本的级别上运行 - 我无法让自己继续前进，直到我可以为我的精灵制作动画。它给了我最严重的头痛 - 由几小时盯着其他人的代码引起，复制和粘贴无济于事，并观看无数的YouTube视频。出于某种原因，我似乎无法理解如何从spritesheet中剥离图像的基本概念。我已经看过它的pygame网站，我只是不明白。我跟着孩子们可以编码，但他的spritesheet有一个'xml'？附加文件，以便他可以复制和粘贴坐标。我的spritesheet是192x192像素所以我试图通过48分隔的坐标加载/分割图像。例如 - （0,0,48,0）。我假设这些变量是他的例子中的x，y，previousSpriteEndingx，previousSpriteEndingy，还因为这是我唯一能理解的。我将每个精灵位置分组为相应方向的列表 - 向上，向下，向左和向右。 （我不想翻译和翻转我的L / R，但现在我正在考虑它，这会让我的游戏更快吗？因为它不需要加载4个新图像？）
我终于让它实际运行，但它不是显示我的精灵，它只是一个黑盒子，随着它的移动增加了宽度，但看起来它太大了我的精灵。所以我知道我的坐标有问题（当我按下时框会消失）。如果有人可以给我一个可以复制和粘贴以运行和剖析的工作示例，解释它以便初学者可以轻松理解，或者（我保存最好的最后）在下面粘贴的代码中实现一些东西，我会永远感激。上次我在这里发布了很多帮助，我希望能够复制这些结果。这是我的SpriteSheet https://ibb.co/eZbd2G的链接
import pygame
WIDTH = 1000
HEIGHT = 700
FPS = 60
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Game")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
width = 25
height = 25
image = pygame.image.load("CharacterSprite.png")
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(image, (width, height))
self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2 - 480 #center of rectangle
self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 5 #pixels up from the bottom
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
self.walkingright = []
self.walkingleft = []
self.walkingup = []
self.walkingdown = []
self.direction = 'R'
#Facing Down
sprite_sheet = SpriteSheet('CharacterSprite.png')
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(0,0,48,0)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,0,96,0)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,0,144,0)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,0,192,0)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
#Facing Up
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(192,144,48,144)
self.walkingup.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,144,96,144)
self.walkingup.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,144,144,144)
self.walkingup.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,144,192,144)
self.walkingup.append(image)
#Facing Right
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(192,96,48,96)
self.walkingright.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,96,96,96)
self.walkingright.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,96,144,96)
self.walkingright.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,96,192,96)
self.walkingright.append(image)
#FacingLeft
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(192,48,48,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,48,96,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,48,144,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,48,192,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
def update(self):
pos = self.rect.x
if self.direction == "R":
frame = (pos // 30) % len(self.walkingright)
self.image = self.walkingright[frame]
if self.direction == "L":
frame = (pos // 30) % len(self.walkingleft)
self.image = self.walkingleft[frame]
if self.direction == "U":
frame = (pos // 30) % len(self.walkingup)
self.image = self.walkingup[frame]
if self.direction == "D":
frame = (pos // 30) % len(self.walkingdown)
self.image = self.walkingdown[frame]
self.speedx = 0 #Need these to make sure
self.speedy = 0 #Sprite stops moving on keyup
keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.speedx = -5
self.direction = 'L'
if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.speedx = 5
self.direction = 'R'
if keystate[pygame.K_UP]:
self.speedy = -5
self.direction = 'U'
if keystate[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.speedy = 5
self.direction = 'D'
self.rect.x += self.speedx
self.rect.y += self.speedy
#Set Walls for Width and Height
if self.rect.right > WIDTH:
self.rect.rect = WIDTH
if self.rect.left < 0:
self.rect.left = 0
if self.rect.top < 0:
self.rect.top = 0
if self.rect.bottom > HEIGHT:
self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT
class SpriteSheet(object):
def __init__(self, file_name):
self.sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load(file_name)
def get_image(self, x, y, width, height):
image = pygame.Surface([width, height])
image.blit(self.sprite_sheet, (0,0), (x, y, width, height))
image.set_colorkey(BLUE)
return image
def update(self):
if self.rect.right > WIDTH:
self.rect.right = WIDTH
if self.rect.top < 0:
self.rect.top = 0
if self.rect.bottom > HEIGHT:
self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT
self.rect.x += self.speedx
#kill if it goes off screen
if self.rect.left > WIDTH:
self.kill()
#Loading Graphics
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
projectiles = pygame.sprite.Group()
#Spawn x amount of mobs, add to all sprites and mobs
running = True
while running:
clock.tick(FPS)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
player.shoot()
#Update Game Loop
all_sprites.update()
screen.fill(WHITE)
all_sprites.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
这是您的程序的工作版本（阅读评论）。主要问题是你没有传递正确的宽度和高度（48）作为sprite_sheet.get_image的第三和第四个参数。
要加载透明图像，您可以调用convert_alpha()：
self.sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load(file_name).convert_alpha()
在update的Player方法中，你还需要垂直运动的y坐标。
if self.direction == "U":
frame = (pos_y // 30) % len(self.walkingup)
import pygame
WIDTH = 1000
HEIGHT = 700
FPS = 60
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
width = 25
height = 25
sheet = pygame.image.load('Character_Sprite.png').convert_alpha()
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(sheet, (48, 48))
self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2 - 480 #center of rectangle
self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 5 #pixels up from the bottom
self.speedx = 0
self.speedy = 0
self.walkingright = []
self.walkingleft = []
self.walkingup = []
self.walkingdown = []
self.direction = 'R'
sprite_sheet = SpriteSheet('Character_Sprite.png')
#Facing Down
# Start at x = 0. Pass 48 as the third and
# fourth argument (width and height).
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(0,0,48,48)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,0,48,48)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,0,48,48)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,0,48,48)
self.walkingdown.append(image)
#Facing Up
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(0,144,48,48)
self.walkingup.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,144,48,48)
self.walkingup.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,144,48,48)
self.walkingup.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,144,48,48)
self.walkingup.append(image)
#Facing Right
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(0,96,48,48)
self.walkingright.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,96,48,48)
self.walkingright.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,96,48,48)
self.walkingright.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,96,48,48)
self.walkingright.append(image)
#Facing Left
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(0,48,48,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(48,48,48,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(96,48,48,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
image = sprite_sheet.get_image(144,48,48,48)
self.walkingleft.append(image)
def update(self):
pos_x = self.rect.x
# You also need the y position for the vertical movement.
pos_y = self.rect.y
if self.direction == "R":
frame = (pos_x // 30) % len(self.walkingright)
self.image = self.walkingright[frame]
if self.direction == "L":
frame = (pos_x // 30) % len(self.walkingleft)
self.image = self.walkingleft[frame]
if self.direction == "U":
frame = (pos_y // 30) % len(self.walkingup)
self.image = self.walkingup[frame]
if self.direction == "D":
frame = (pos_y // 30) % len(self.walkingdown)
self.image = self.walkingdown[frame]
self.speedx = 0 #Need these to make sure
self.speedy = 0 #Sprite stops moving on keyup
keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.speedx = -5
self.direction = 'L'
if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.speedx = 5
self.direction = 'R'
if keystate[pygame.K_UP]:
self.speedy = -5
self.direction = 'U'
if keystate[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.speedy = 5
self.direction = 'D'
self.rect.x += self.speedx
self.rect.y += self.speedy
#Set Walls for Width and Height
if self.rect.right > WIDTH:
self.rect.rect = WIDTH
if self.rect.left < 0:
self.rect.left = 0
if self.rect.top < 0:
self.rect.top = 0
if self.rect.bottom > HEIGHT:
self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT
class SpriteSheet(object):
def __init__(self, file_name):
# You have to call `convert_alpha`, so that the background of
# the surface is transparent.
self.sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load(file_name).convert_alpha()
def get_image(self, x, y, width, height):
# Use a transparent surface as the base image (pass pygame.SRCALPHA).
image = pygame.Surface([width, height], pygame.SRCALPHA)
image.blit(self.sprite_sheet, (0,0), (x, y, width, height))
return image
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
running = True
while running:
clock.tick(FPS)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
all_sprites.update()
screen.fill(WHITE)
all_sprites.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
您还可以使用一些for循环缩短精灵表剪切代码：
# Facing Up
for x in range(0, 144+1, 48): # 144+1 because the `stop` is exclusive.
self.walkingdown.append(sprite_sheet.get_image(x, 0, 48, 48))
# Facing Up
for x in range(0, 144+1, 48):
self.walkingup.append(sprite_sheet.get_image(x, 144, 48, 48))
# Facing Right
for x in range(0, 144+1, 48):
self.walkingright.append(sprite_sheet.get_image(x, 96, 48, 48))
# Facing Left
for x in range(0, 144+1, 48):
self.walkingleft.append(sprite_sheet.get_image(x, 48, 48, 48))
这是一种更短的切割方式。您可以迭代图像列表并枚举它们以获得y索引并为x坐标添加嵌套的for循环，然后使用pygame.Surface.subsurface来删除子表面。不再需要SpriteSheet课程了。
image_lists = (self.walkingdown, self.walkingleft, self.walkingright, self.walkingup)
for y, img_list in enumerate(image_lists): # Enumerate to get the y-position.
for x in range(4):
# Multiply x and y by 48 to get the correct coords and use the
# `subsurface` to cut the sheet into separate images.
img_list.append(sheet.subsurface(x*48, y*48, 48, 48))
@skrx已经描述了我只添加的所有问题，你可以使用pygame.Surface.subsurface来创建框架。
class SpriteSheet(object):
def __init__(self, file_name):
self.sprite_sheet = pygame.image.load(file_name).convert_alpha()
def get_image(self, x, y, width, height):
return self.sprite_sheet.subsurface((x, y, width, height))