如何使用pipenv解决Python包依赖关系？

Question

我正在使用

pipenv

来处理 Python 包依赖项。

Python 包使用两个包（名为

pckg1

和

pckg2

），它们依赖于名为

pckg3

的同一包，但是来自两个不同的版本。显示依赖树：

$ pipenv graph
  pckg1==3.0.0
    - pckg3 [required: >=4.1.0]
  pckg2==1.0.2
    - pckg3 [required: ==4.0.11]

尝试安装依赖项：

$ pipenv install

Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
You can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
Could not find a version that matches pckg3==4.0.11,==4.1.0,>=4.1.0 (from -r C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\pipenv-o7uxm080-requirements\pipenv-hwekv7dc-constraints.txt (line 2))
Tried: 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.4.0, 3.4.2, 4.0.0, 4.0.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.1, 4.0.2, 4.0.2, 4.0.3, 4.0.3, 4.0.4, 4.0.4, 4.0.6, 4.0.6, 4.0.8, 4.0.8, 4.0.9, 4.0.9, 4.0.10, 4.0.10, 4.0.11, 4.0.11, 4.1.0, 4.1.0, 4.1.1, 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.2, 4.2.1, 4.2.1, 4.3.0, 4.3.0
There are incompatible versions in the resolved dependencies.

按照建议，

pipenv install --skip-lock

可以解决问题，但依赖关系树仍未解决。

我很乐意告诉

Pipenv

覆盖

pckg2

的要求，并指定

pckg3>=4.1.0

。

如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

我经常遇到这个错误。清除锁定文件中的缓存每次都很有效。

$ pipenv lock --pre --clear

Answer 2

你不能。目前，

pipenv

不提供任何显式覆盖需求约束的功能。

作为解决方法，您可以将要覆盖的依赖项放入

dev-packages

，因为这些依赖项将被

packages

覆盖，因此这个

Pipfile

应该安装

pckg3>=4.1.0

:

# Pipfile
...
[packages]
pckg1 = "==3.0.0"

[dev-packages]
pckg2 = "==1.0.2"

如果您现在锁定并安装：

$ pipenv lock --dev
$ pipenv install --dev

要求

==4.0.11

将被

>=4.1.0

覆盖。如果您问我，这很丑陋，因为这不是开发包的用途，并且您正在更改项目中

pckg2

依赖项的角色，但我在这里没有看到任何更好的方法。

Answer 3

当 pipfile 上有未完成的例程时，此方法有效。

一旦我犯了错误并逃跑了

pipenv install codecove # With an 'e' at the end

并且 Pipenv 总是尝试完成安装但没有成功，因为该库不存在。我用以下方法解决了这个问题：

pipenv uninstall codecove

然后安装了codecov。

我试着跑

pipenv lock --clear
pipenv lock --pre --clear

但只有在卸载了名称错误的库后我才成功。

Answer 4

我也有类似的问题

google-cloud-core

。

$ pipenv lock
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…

Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
Could not find a version that matches google-cloud-core<0.29dev,<0.30dev,>=0.28.0,>=0.29.0
Tried: 0.20.0, 0.20.0, 0.21.0, 0.21.0, 0.22.0, 0.22.0, 0.22.1, 0.22.1, 0.23.0, 0.23.0, 0.23.1, 0.23.1, 0.24.0, 0.24.0, 0.24.1, 0.24.1, 0.25.0, 0.25.0, 0.26.0, 0.26.0, 0.27.0, 0.27.0, 0.27.1, 0.27.1, 0.28.0, 0.28.0, 0.28.1, 0.28.1, 0.29.0, 0.29.0
There are incompatible versions in the resolved dependencies.

已解决

1. rm -rf Pipfile.lock
2. pipenv 更新

Answer 5

如果您收到如下错误：

Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…
✘ Locking Failed! 

对我来说，发生这种情况是因为底层虚拟环境没有引用我当前的目录。

我通过将内容移动到新目录并删除旧目录解决了这个问题。

我还必须删除

Pipfile

和

Pipfile.lock

，但我不确定这是否有必要。

Answer 6

我也遇到了同样的情况，我正在使用 Visual Studio Code，并且我能够摆脱它：

• 从 python 文件夹中删除除 *.py 之外的所有文件（.vscode、pycache、* 该文件夹内的虚拟环境）
• 创建一个新的virtualenv env(名称)
• 新建\脚本激活.bat

然后尝试安装虚拟文件夹缺少的依赖项，一切顺利，它对我有用。

Answer 7

我对 glob 模块也有类似的问题。我从 Pipfile 中删除了

glob = "*"

，之后工作正常。

错误：

bash-4.2# pipenv lock  --clear
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
✔ Success! 
Locking [packages] dependencies…
✘ Locking Failed! 
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/resolver.py", line 69, in resolve
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=requirements_dir
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 726, in resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=req_dir,
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 480, in actually_resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       resolved_tree = resolver.resolve()
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 395, in resolve
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       raise ResolutionFailure(message=str(e))
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure: ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       No versions found
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]: Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
No versions found
Was https://pypi.org/simple reachable?
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=requirements_dir
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 726, in resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=req_dir,
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 480, in actually_resolve_deps
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       resolved_tree = resolver.resolve()
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:   File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py", line 395, in resolve
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       raise ResolutionFailure(message=str(e))
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure: ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]:       No versions found
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]: Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
ERROR: ERROR: Could not find a version that matches glob
No versions found
Was https://pypi.org/simple reachable?

Answer 8

在 Windows 10 上使用 VS Code，经过一番折腾后，我通过在 Powershell 中运行 pipelinev 获得了全新安装。 我还删除了之前尝试的所有痕迹（新目录删除了之前的venvs）。

Answer 9

这里没有任何东西对我有用。最终解决了这个问题：

pip uninstall pipenv
pip install pipenv

Answer 10

如果您遇到

Locking Failed!

错误：

Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…
✘ Locking Failed!

清除pipfile.lock

上的缓存

，卸载你的软件包并重新启动虚拟机对我来说是成功的。

尝试：

pipenv uninstall *YourPackage*
pipenv uninstall *YourPackage* --dev   ##(if relevant to your package)
pipenv lock --clear

停止并销毁虚拟机

重新启动虚拟机

希望这有帮助！

Answer 11

pip install -U pipenv     

在 Ubuntu 21.04 - Hirsute Hippo - python 版本 3.9.5 上为我解决了

此命令安装了这些软件包：

• appdirs-1.4.4
• 证书-2021.5.30
• distlib-0.3.2
• 文件锁-3.0.12
• pipenv-2021.5.29
• 六-1.16.0
• virtualenv-20.4.7
• virtualenv-clone-0.5.4

Answer 12

在 virtualenv 内更新

pip

对我有用：

py -m pip install --upgrade pip

Answer 13

这也可能是因为您有一个旧的 pipelinev 环境，您需要在创建新环境之前清理它。

pipenv --rm
pipenv install

Answer 14

pipenv lock
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…

Warning: Your dependencies could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear, then try the original command again.
 Alternatively, you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism, then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.

pipenv 安装--clean