有人可以解释为什么注释不存在的字典字段时没有错误吗?
dict_1 = {}
dict_1['a']: 'aa' #used colon by mistake instead of assign, code passes without any error on python3.7.2
print(__annotations__) # prints empty dict {}
dict_1['a'] # as expected KeyError: 'a'
编辑:在测试了更多案例之后,我发现注释现有dict字段也不会产生任何结果。
dict_2 = {'a': 'b'}
dict_2['a']: 'c' # no error here so I would expect to get new annotation
print(__annotations__) # produces empty dict {}
您可以注释任何有效的分配目标。来自PEP 536的参考Annotating Expressions:
注释的目标可以是任何有效的单个分配至少在语法上定位(取决于类型检查器该做什么)这样做):
class Cls: pass c = Cls() c.x: int = 0 # Annotates c.x with int. c.y: int # Annotates c.y with int. d = {} d['a']: int = 0 # Annotates d['a'] with int. d['b']: int # Annotates d['b'] with int.
请注意,即使带括号的名称也被视为表达式,而不是简单名称:
(x): int # Annotates x with int, (x) treated as expression by compiler. (y): int = 0 # Same situation here.
documentation for annotated assignment statements,将指示未存储这些值。大概由静态类型检查工具来存储它们。
对于作为赋值目标的表达式,如果在类或模块范围内,则对注释进行评估,但不存储。