我需要经常以CSV格式生成输出。该文件有25列。列顺序需要保持不变，因为该文件将用作ETL过程的输入。请注意，无法配置ETL以查找列标题。
提供给我的数据也是CSV格式。列数可能会更改。它可以在15到50列之间变化。列顺序也可能会更改。一个文件可能有Col A，Col B，Col C，然后另一个文件可能有Col B，Col A，Col D.
输入数据如下：
头：
"Employee","Date","Start","End","Brk","Ord","WEND","TRV","PH200","PH250","T1x5","T1x5P","T2","T2x5","SB2","AL","LL175","COM","LWOP","PERS","PHNW","WCOMP","MKUP","AS","NS","CI","NPAY","COC","KMS","LAFHA","LAFHI","MEAL","MPA","OMA","SMA","Allowances","Approval Status","Branch","Branch Cost Code","Branch Ref. No","Contract","Contract Hours Per Cycle","Detail","Detail Cost Code","Detail Ref. No","Employee Ref. No","Employment Type","Location","Location Cost Code","Location Ref. No","Max Hours Per Period","Pay Group","Pay Level","Role","Role Cost Code","Roster","Shift","Timesheet Comments","Total Bill","Total Cost","Total Hours","Work Type"
数据：
"Smith, John","04/11/2017","12:00","05:00","",10.00,"","","",,"",,"",,"",,"",,"",,"",,3.00,7.00,"",,"",,"",1.00,"",,"",,"MEAL","Approved","Melbourne","","","Admin Officer","70.00","JX526","","1469","948","AT","Melbourne","633","","70.00","","Base","Admin Officer Level 1","7847000","1900-0500","DS","","0.00","351.95","10.00",""
如表：
| Employee | Date | Start | End | Brk | Ord | WEND | TRV | PH200 | PH250 | T1x5 | T1x5P | T2 | T2x5 | SB2 | AL | LL175 | COM | LWOP | PERS | PHNW | WCOMP | MKUP | AS | NS | CI | NPAY | COC | KMS | LAFHA | LAFHI | MEAL | MPA | OMA | SMA | Allowances | Approval Status | Branch | Branch Cost Code | Branch Ref. No | Contract | Contract Hours Per Cycle | Detail | Detail Cost Code | Detail Ref. No | Employee Ref. No | Employment Type | Location | Location Cost Code | Location Ref. No | Max Hours Per Period | Pay Group | Pay Level | Role | Role Cost Code | Roster | Shift | Timesheet Comments | Total Bill | Total Cost | Total Hours | Work Type |
|------------- |------------ |------- |------- |----- |------- |------ |----- |------- |------- |------ |------- |---- |------ |----- |---- |------- |----- |------ |------ |------ |------- |------ |------ |------ |---- |------ |----- |----- |------- |------- |------ |----- |----- |----- |------------ |----------------- |----------- |------------------ |---------------- |--------------- |-------------------------- |-------- |------------------ |---------------- |------------------ |----------------- |----------- |-------------------- |------------------ |---------------------- |----------- |----------- |----------------------- |---------------- |----------- |------- |-------------------- |------------ |------------ |------------- |----------- |
| Smith, John | 04/11/2017 | 12:00 | 05:00 | | 10.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3.00 | 7.00 | | | | | | 1.00 | | | | | MEAL | Approved | Melbourne | | | Admin Officer | 70.00 | JX526 | | 1469 | 948 | AT | Melbourne | 633 | | 70.00 | | Base | Admin Officer Level 1 | 7847000 | 1900-0500 | DS | | 0.00 | 351.95 | 10.00 | |
由于我无法找到任何现成的解决方案，我正在尝试使用Access VBA创建一个小工具来做到这一点。
在导入端，我尝试了2种标准方法：
1. DoCmd.TransferText
2. CurrentDb.Execute "INSERT INTO " & TableName & " SELECT * FROM " _
& "[TEXT;FMT=Delimited;HDR=YES;database=" & FolderOnly & "].[" & FileOnly & "]")
两者都不是很好。数字四舍五入到最接近的小数。我发现无法强制导入数据作为文本。所以现在我正在生成SQL，所以我可以完全控制数据类型。使用文件系统对象，我可以读取该文件。第一步是循环并生成CREATE TABLE脚本。 VBA Split功能与逗号作为分隔符非常有效：
While Not objTextStream.AtEndOfStream
strLine = objTextStream.ReadLine
'regex.pattern =
If objTextStream.line = 2 And Len(strLine) > 0 Then
strSQL = "CREATE TABLE " & TableName & " ("
header = Split(strLine, ",")
For i = LBound(header) To UBound(header)
strSQL = strSQL & "[" & Replace(Replace(header(i), Chr(34), ""), ".", "") & "] TEXT(255)"
headerLine = headerLine & "[" & Replace(Replace(header(i), Chr(34), ""), ".", "") & "]"
If i <> UBound(header) Then
strSQL = strSQL & ","
headerLine = headerLine & ","
End If
Next i
strSQL = strSQL & ")"
'Debug.Print strSql
DBEngine(0)(0).Execute strSQL
End If
Wend
第二步是生成INSERT语句。像下面这样的东西：
While Not objTextStream.AtEndOfStream
If objTextStream.line > 2 And Len(strLine) > 0 Then
strSQL = "INSERT INTO " & TableName & " (" & headerLine & ") VALUES ("
line = Split(strLine, """,""") 'Regex??
For i = LBound(line) To UBound(line)
If Nz(line(i)) <> "" Then
strSQL = strSQL & "'" & Replace(Replace(line(i), Chr(34), ""), "'", "''") & "'"
Else
strSQL = strSQL & "''"
End If
If i <> UBound(line) Then strSQL = strSQL & ","
Next i
strSQL = strSQL & ")"
'Debug.Print strSQL
CurrentDb.Execute strSQL
End If
Wend
我被困在这里，因为我不能使用逗号作为分隔符的Split函数。某些字段（如Employee）包含逗号，因为名称以Family_Name，First_Name格式输出。我想到了Regex，但不知道如何在VBA中使用它。有人可以提出解决方案吗？
我强烈建议您修复一个标准调用，以满足您的需求，而不是手动完成所有操作。
使用ISAM文本驱动程序是最有希望的一个imo。
你应该将MaxScanRows增加到一个足够大的数字，以便扫描一个足够大的部分，它会遇到一个带有大量小数的数字，或者为了使Access扫描整个文件。当扫描的行包含的小数位数小于导入的值时，会发生舍入。
有关初始化文本驱动程序的信息，请参阅this MSDN page。请注意，较旧的源可能引用schema.ini文件，但此文件不再存在，在注册表中管理当前版本的Access的设置。
我就是这样做的：
手动生成Schema.ini文件：
Dim objFS, objTextStream
Set objFS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objTextStream = objFS.CreateTextFile(GetFolderFromPath(FileName) & "Schema.ini", True)
objTextStream.WriteLine "[" & GetFileNameFromPath(FileName) & "]"
objTextStream.WriteLine "ColNameHeader = True"
objTextStream.WriteLine "Format = CSVDelimited"
objTextStream.WriteLine "MaxScanRows = 0"
objTextStream.WriteLine "CharacterSet = OEM"
objTextStream.Close
Set objTextStream = Nothing
Set objFS = Nothing
然后将文本文件添加为链接表：
If IsTableExisted(TableName) Then DoCmd.DeleteObject acTable, TableName
Dim tdfNew As TableDef
Set tdfNew = CurrentDb.CreateTableDef(TableName)
tdfNew.Connect = "Text;DATABASE=" & GetFolderFromPath(FileName) & _
";TABLE=" & GetFileNameFromPath(FileName) & ";"
tdfNew.SourceTableName = GetFileNameFromPath(FileName)
CurrentDb.TableDefs.Append tdfNew