在画布上显示绘图对象时是否可以保持画布背景颜色？

Question

我有以下代码可以生成 3D 曲面图：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Creating a figure object
surf_3D = plt.figure()

# Creating a axes object
axes_3d = plt.axes(projection = "3d")

# Populating X and y
x_demo3d = np.arange(-5,5,0.1)
y_demo3d = np.arange(-5,5,0.1)

# Creating Mesh with newly generated numbers
X3,Y3 = np.meshgrid(x_demo3d, y_demo3d)

# Populating Z with sin and cos function
Z3 = np.sin(X3) * np.cos(Y3)

# Adding 
axes_3d.plot_surface(X3, Y3, Z3, cmap = "plasma")

# Making the panes transparent
axes_3d.xaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0))
axes_3d.yaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0))
axes_3d.zaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0))

# Hiding the axes ticks
axes_3d.set_xticks([])
axes_3d.set_yticks([])
axes_3d.set_zticks([])

# Displaying the figure object
surf_3D.show()

输出如下：

将图形放置在画布上后如何更改画布背景？正如你所看到的，我用背景颜色定义了画布的宽度和高度。但显然，我的人物占据了画布的所有空间。是否可以显示未占用的画布空间的背景颜色？

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from tkinter import *
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (
     FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk)


class Program_Class:
    
    def __init__(self, master):

        # Main Window parameters
        Main.resizable(0,0)
        Main.geometry("900x550")
        Main.title("Main")

        # Creating a figure object
        surf_3D = plt.figure(figsize=(2,2))

        # Creating axes object
        axes_3d = plt.axes(projection = "3d")

        # Populating with x and y list variables
        x = np.arange(-5,5,0.1)
        y = np.arange(-5,5,0.1)

        # Creating Mesh and rewriting list variables x and y
        x, y = np.meshgrid(x, y)

        # Populating z with sin and cos function
        z = np.sin(x) * np.cos(y)

        # Creating the surface 3D plot
        axes_3d.plot_surface(x, y, z, cmap = "plasma")

        # Making the panes transparent
        axes_3d.xaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0))
        axes_3d.yaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0))
        axes_3d.zaxis.set_pane_color((1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0))

        # Hiding the axes ticks
        axes_3d.set_xticks([])
        axes_3d.set_yticks([])
        axes_3d.set_zticks([])

        # My attempt to draw the canvas with the surf_3D figure object
        # Canvas background color should be dark red (139, 0, 0)
        Canvas_demo3d = Canvas(Main, width=300, height =200, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0, 
                                    bg='#%02x%02x%02x' % (139, 0, 0))
        Canvas_demo3d = FigureCanvasTkAgg(surf_3D, master=Main)
        Canvas_demo3d.get_tk_widget().place(x=300,y=71)
        Canvas_demo3d.draw()



Main = Tk()
Program_Class(Main)
Main.mainloop()

这是类输出：

任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

请注意，

Canvas_demo3d = Canvas(...)

是无用的，因为它被行

Canvas_demo3d = FigureCanvasTkAgg(...)

覆盖。

您可以通过以下方式设置画布的背景颜色：

color = '#%02x%02x%02x' % (139, 0, 0)
Canvas_demo3d.get_tk_widget().config(bg=color)

但是为了看到画布背景颜色，您需要使绘图背景透明：

transparent = (0, 0, 0, 0)

# Creating a figure object
surf_3D = plt.figure(figsize=(2,2), facecolor=transparent)

# Creating axes object
axes_3d = plt.axes(projection="3d", facecolor=transparent)

结果：