Python obd 无法将树莓派连接到汽车

Question

我有一个 Raspberry Pi 3，我正在尝试将其连接到我汽车的 OBD-II 端口。我有一个 Veepeak Mini 蓝牙 OBD2 扫描仪，并且已经对其进行了测试；它与 Android 上的 Torque 完美配合。

[更新：更新到最新版本的pythonOBD后]

事实证明，几天前有一个 commit 导致了

0100\r

消息的延迟。这样做显然是为了缓解一组特定的 OBD 扫描仪未及时响应该特定消息的情况。我已经克隆了 repo 并从 master 中提取了最新版本，并将导入行更改为：

import sys
sys.path.insert(1, '/home/pi/python-OBD')
import obd

现在，虽然我获得了一组单独的日志，但我始终无法掌握汽车的数据。由于某种原因，自动协议默认为协议 6，该协议在

CAN error

消息后输出

0100\r

。将其设置为协议 5（唯一有希望结果的协议）后，我收到以下日志：

$> python obdtest.py 
[obd.obd] ======================= python-OBD (v0.7.1) =======================
[obd.obd] Using scan_serial to select port
[obd.obd] Available ports: ['/dev/rfcomm47']
[obd.obd] Attempting to use port: /dev/rfcomm47
[obd.elm327] Initializing ELM327: PORT=/dev/rfcomm47 BAUD=38400 PROTOCOL=5
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'
[obd.elm327] wait: 1 seconds
[obd.elm327] read: b'ATZ\r\r\rELM327 v1.5\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATE0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'ATE0\rOK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATH1\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATL0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r\r'
[obd.elm327] write: 'AT RV\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'13.9V\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATTP5\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r'
[obd.elm327] write: '0100\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'>'
[obd.elm327] no response; wait: 0.100000 seconds
[obd.elm327] read: b'BUS INIT: OK'
[obd.protocols.protocol] map ECU 16 --> ENGINE
[obd.elm327] Connected Successfully: PORT=/dev/rfcomm47 BAUD=38400 PROTOCOL=5
[obd.obd] querying for supported commands
[obd.obd] Sending command: 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20]
[obd.elm327] write: '0100\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'STOPPED\r\r>'
[obd.OBDCommand] 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20] did not receive any acceptable messages
[obd.obd] No valid data for PID listing command: 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20]
[obd.obd] Sending command: 0900: Supported PIDs [01-20]
[obd.elm327] write: '0900\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'87 F1 10 49 00 01 30 00 00 00 02 \r\r>'
[obd.obd] finished querying with 8 commands supported
[obd.obd] ===================================================================
[obd.obd] '010C: Engine RPM' is not supported
None
[obd.obd] Closing connection
[obd.elm327] closing port
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'

看起来

0100\r

被写入了两次，日志首先返回

read: b'BUS INIT: OK'

，然后返回

read: b'STOPPED\r\r>'

。无论是 38400 还是 9600，波特率似乎都一样，所以我认为这也不是问题。

[原问题]

我已经在 Raspberry Pi 上设置了蓝牙并已配对设备，但是当尝试运行以下脚本时，它的工作频率约为 10 到 20 次尝试中的 1 次，并显示以下日志：

import obd

obd.logger.setLevel(obd.logging.DEBUG)
connection = obd.OBD() # auto-connects to USB or RF port

cmd = obd.commands.RPM # select an OBD command (sensor)

response = connection.query(cmd) # send the command, and parse the response

print(response.value) # returns unit-bearing values thanks to Pint

connection.close()

当失败时（绝大多数时间），它会显示以下内容：

$> python obdtest.py 
[obd.obd] ======================= python-OBD (v0.7.1) =======================
[obd.obd] Using scan_serial to select port
[obd.obd] Available ports: ['/dev/rfcomm47']
[obd.obd] Attempting to use port: /dev/rfcomm47
[obd.elm327] Initializing ELM327: PORT=/dev/rfcomm47 BAUD=auto PROTOCOL=auto
[obd.elm327] Response from baud 38400: '\x7f\x7f\r?\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] Choosing baud 38400
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'
[obd.elm327] wait: 1 seconds
[obd.elm327] read: b'ATZ\r\r\rELM327 v1.5\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATE0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'ATE0\rOK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATH1\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATL0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'AT RV\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'15.0V\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATSP0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r'
[obd.elm327] write: '0100\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATDPN\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'SEARCHING...\r86 F1 10 41 00 BF BF F9 90 CF \r\r>'
[obd.elm327] Failed to retrieve current protocol
[obd.elm327] Adapter connected, but the ignition is off
[obd.obd] Cannot load commands: No connection to car
[obd.obd] ===================================================================
[obd.obd] '010C: Engine RPM' is not supported
None
[obd.obd] Closing connection
[obd.elm327] closing port
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'

当成功时（10 次或更多尝试中有 1 次），它会显示以下内容：

$> python obdtest.py 
[obd.obd] ======================= python-OBD (v0.7.1) =======================
[obd.obd] Using scan_serial to select port
[obd.obd] Available ports: ['/dev/rfcomm47']
[obd.obd] Attempting to use port: /dev/rfcomm47
[obd.elm327] Initializing ELM327: PORT=/dev/rfcomm47 BAUD=auto PROTOCOL=auto
[obd.elm327] Response from baud 38400: '\x7f\x7f\r?\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] Choosing baud 38400
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'
[obd.elm327] wait: 1 seconds
[obd.elm327] read: b'ATZ\r\r\rELM327 v1.5\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATE0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'ATE0\rOK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATH1\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATL0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r\r'
[obd.elm327] write: 'AT RV\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'14.7V\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATSP0\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'OK\r'
[obd.elm327] write: '0100\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'SEARCHING...\r86 F1 10 41 00 BF BF F9 90 CF \r\r>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATDPN\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'A5\r\r>'
[obd.protocols.protocol] map ECU 16 --> ENGINE
[obd.elm327] Connected Successfully: PORT=/dev/rfcomm47 BAUD=38400 PROTOCOL=5
[obd.obd] querying for supported commands
[obd.obd] Sending command: 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20]
[obd.elm327] write: '0100\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'86 F1 10 41 00 BF BF F9 90 CF \r\r>'
[obd.obd] finished querying with 51 commands supported
[obd.obd] ===================================================================
[obd.obd] Sending command: 010C: Engine RPM
[obd.elm327] write: '010C\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'84 F1 10 41 0C 08 3C 16 \r\r>'
527.0 revolutions_per_minute
[obd.obd] Closing connection
[obd.elm327] closing port
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'

请注意，

84 F1 10 41 0C 08 3C 16

不是 OBD 扫描仪的 MAC 地址。另外

rfcomm47

手动设置为随机值，只是碰巧选择了 47。

成功日志中一致的是协议号（5）。我在其他地方看到了继续尝试连接的建议，但是当我添加这样的内容时

while len(connection.supported_commands) < 100:
    connection = obd.Async("/dev/rfcomm47", protocol = "5", baudrate = "38400", fast = False, timeout = 30)

从第二次开始，每次调用时我都会收到这些日志：

$> python sandboxobd.py 
<<startup logs>>
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATDPN\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'SEARCHING...\r86 F1 10 41 00 BF BF F9 90 CF \r\r>'
[obd.elm327] Failed to retrieve current protocol
[obd.elm327] Adapter connected, but the ignition is off
[obd.obd] Cannot load commands: No connection to car
[obd.obd] ===================================================================
[obd.obd] ======================= python-OBD (v0.7.1) =======================
<<startup logs>>
[obd.elm327] read: b'>'
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATDPN\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'SEARCHING...\rUNABLE TO CONNECT\r\r>'
[obd.elm327] Failed to retrieve current protocol
[obd.elm327] Adapter connected, but the ignition is off
[obd.obd] Cannot load commands: No connection to car
[obd.obd] ===================================================================

第二部分无限重复。使用

connection = obd.OBD(protocol="5")

直接连接到协议 5 给了我这个：

[obd.elm327] Connected Successfully: PORT=/dev/rfcomm47 BAUD=38400 PROTOCOL=5
[obd.obd] querying for supported commands
[obd.obd] Sending command: 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20]
[obd.elm327] write: '0100\r'
[obd.elm327] read: b'BUS INIT: STOPPED\r\r>'
[obd.OBDCommand] 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20] did not receive any acceptable messages
[obd.obd] No valid data for PID listing command: 0100: Supported PIDs [01-20]
[obd.obd] finished querying with 7 commands supported
[obd.obd] ===================================================================
[obd.obd] '010C: Engine RPM' is not supported
None
[obd.obd] Closing connection
[obd.elm327] closing port
[obd.elm327] write: 'ATZ\r'

有人遇到过这个问题吗？我想不出还有什么可以尝试看看它是否有效。任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

由于您要指定协议，因此您需要在

elm327.py

中进行修改

r0100 = self.__send(b"0100")

功能

def manual_protocol(self, protocol_):

到

r0100 = self.__send(b"0100", delay=1)

大概是第 224 行。

您引用的提交仅在未指定

protocol

时添加延迟。即：

protocol=auto

添加延迟有帮助，但并不完美。建立连接后，我检查是否支持

obd.commands.SPEED

，如果不支持则重新开始。

我还在所有连接初始化命令（从 ATZ 到 ATDPN）中添加了

delay=1

，因为我发现如果没有它，其中一个会随机失败，延迟似乎会降低失败率。

最后。

ELM327 v1.5

是一个廉价的克隆，响应不一定遵循标准。