AArch64 裸机目标 (aarch64-none-elf) 工具链 gdb 不起作用

Question

我正在使用 AArch64 裸机目标（aarch64-none-elf）工具链编写汇编程序 arm64 程序（主机 x64 Linux ubuntu）。 我通过这个工具链进行编译和链接。 接下来我想用 gdb 工具链来调试它。 但这不起作用。 当我在本机 arm64-8A 设备上时，gdb 工作正常。 我想知道我做错了什么。 Meaby 我必须将本机 arm64 设备连接到工具链 gdb。但我不想使用 qemu 或连接其他设备来执行此操作，只想使用带有 ARM 工具链的 x64 设备进行调试。 Meaby 我需要添加链接参数。或者类似的东西，因为目标是没有操作系统的裸线。我尝试在（主机 x64 Linux ubuntu）上使用 AArch64 GNU/Linux 目标（aarch64-none-linux-gnu）工具链，并且出现相同的错误。

我需要将原生arm设备与gdbserver连接到gdb工具链才能正常工作吗？ Arch64 GNU/Linux 目标 (aarch64-none-linux-gnu) 工具链需要 gdb 的本机设备或仅裸线工具链。或者只有配置很重要。

我的终端：

hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ aarch64-none-elf-as -o str11.o str11.s
hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ aarch64-none-elf-ld  -o str11 str11.o
hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ chmod +x str11
hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ aarch64-none-elf-gdb str11
GNU gdb (Arm GNU Toolchain 13.3.Rel1 (Build arm-13.24)) 14.2.90.20240526-git
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "--host=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-none-elf".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<https://bugs.linaro.org/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
    <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.

For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from str11...
(No debugging symbols found in str11)
(gdb) break _start
Breakpoint 1 at 0x400008
(gdb) run
Don't know how to run.  Try "help target".
(gdb) target exec str11
(gdb) run
Don't know how to run.  Try "help target".
(gdb) quit
hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ aarch64-none-elf-ld -g -o str11 str11.o
hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ chmod +x str11
hubert@hubert-HP-ZBook-15-G3:~/Assembly/assembly toolchain$ aarch64-none-elf-gdb str11
GNU gdb (Arm GNU Toolchain 13.3.Rel1 (Build arm-13.24)) 14.2.90.20240526-git
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "--host=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-none-elf".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<https://bugs.linaro.org/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
    <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.

For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from str11...
(No debugging symbols found in str11)
(gdb) break _start
Breakpoint 1 at 0x400008
(gdb) run
Don't know how to run.  Try "help target".
(gdb) 

我的代码：

.section .data
.section .text

.global _start

_start:
    mov w1, #5
    mov w2, #6
    b mylabel
mylabel:
    add w4, w1, w2
    b result
result:
    mov w0, w4
    b _exit
_exit:
    mov w7, #0
    svc #0

Answer 1

这是因为裸机 gdb 期望连接到远程 gdbstub，它了解如何实现断点。当您在 Linux 下运行该程序时，您应该能够使用普通的 aarch64 GDB 来调试它。