我搜索了使用 Powershell 将复杂 json（嵌入数组] 转换为 csv 文件的示例。目标是接受 json 数据 到 MSAccess 数据库中。 MSAccess 不提供执行此操作的内部函数。我是 Powershell 和 json 的新手，但我确实发现了引起我兴趣的 ConvertFrom-JSON cmdlet。 我发现的最好的信息是
iRon 的 Flatten-Object 函数回应这篇文章
虽然此函数可以创建单个 csv，但如果 json 中有嵌入数组，我有兴趣创建多个 csv 文件。这个想法是为每个级别的数据创建一个 csv 文件。 2 级及更低级别将需要一个链接字段（id/name）用作 level1 中的主键，以及 level2 中的外键。 level2 的 PK 字段将作为 level3 的外键包含在内，依此类推。由于 Access 可以将 csv 数据导入到表中，因此我的感觉是，将数据导入“标准化”csv 文件将是一种将 json 数据导入 MSAccess 数据库的可重复方法。
因此，关于我的目标和扁平化对象功能，我正在寻找以下方面的建议/方向：
我创建了一个简单的脚本来获取一个简单的 json 文件（无嵌入数组）并将其转换为 CSV。我已经在vba中使用Shell命令来执行PS脚本了。
<#CarsBasic.ps1
.DESCRIPTION
This script takes the cars.json file and reads it into memory
Converts it from Json, then selects id,manufacturer,year from the result
and exports the data to C:\Programs\CarsJack.csv as a csv file with header
#>
(Get-Content C:\Programs\MendipDataSystems\JSONParser\Files\Cars.json -Raw |
ConvertFrom-Json) |Select id,manufacturer,year |
Export-CSV c:\programs\CarsJack.csv -NoTypeInformation
提前致谢。
我根据 iRon 的请求/评论调整了这篇文章。
具有 Squad、SquadMember 和 SquadMemberPower 级别的示例 json 文件。我想要获得一个包含小队信息的 Squad.csv，一个包含小队名称和每个成员详细信息的 SquadMember.csv，以及一个包含 SquadName 和标识该 Power 所属人员的成员名称的 SquadmemberPower csv。实际上，这 3 个 csv 文件将作为 3 个标准化表加载到 MSAccess 中。 这是我的测试用例，但如果可能的话，我想要一种更通用、可重用的方法。这是 MultiSquad.json
[{
"squadName": "Super hero squad Alpha",
"homeTown": "Metro City",
"formed": 2016,
"secretBase": "Large tent in the forest",
"active": "True",
"members": [{
"name": "Molecule Man",
"age": 29,
"secretIdentity": "Dan Jukes",
"powers": ["Radiation resistance",
"Turning tiny",
"Radiation blast"]
},
{
"name": "Madame Uppercut",
"age": 39,
"secretIdentity": "Jane Wilson",
"powers": ["Million tonne punch",
"Damage resistance",
"Superhuman reflexes"]
},
{
"name": "Eternal Flame",
"age": 1000000,
"secretIdentity": "Unknown",
"powers": ["Immortality",
"Heat Immunity",
"Inferno",
"Teleportation",
"Interdimensional travel"]
}]
},
{
"squadName": "Second squad Baker",
"homeTown": "Metro Toronto",
"formed": 2017,
"secretBase": "CN tower",
"active": "True",
"members": [{
"name": "Kathleen Wynne",
"age": 49,
"secretIdentity": "Cyan Arrah",
"powers": ["XRay vision",
"Invisibility",
"Radiation blast"]
},
{
"name": "Madame Butterfly",
"age": 27,
"secretIdentity": "Iman Angel",
"powers": ["Magical hearing",
"Fantastic ideas"]
},
{
"name": "Gassy Misty Cloud",
"age": 1000,
"secretIdentity": "Puff of Smoke",
"powers": ["Immortality",
"Heat and Flame Immunity",
"Impeccable hearing",
"Xray Vision",
"Able to jump tall buildings",
"Teleportation",
"Intergalactic travel"]
}]
}]
预期输出：3 个 csv 文件
1) 带字段的 Squad.csv "小队名称","家乡","已组建","秘密基地","活跃"
2) 带字段的 SquadMembers.csv “小队名称”，“姓名”，“年龄”，“秘密身份”
3）带有字段的SquadMemberPowers.csv “名字”、“权力”
$JSON
包含您的 JSON 对象：
$Squads = @(); $SquadMembers = @(); $SquadMemberPowers = @()
ForEach ($Squad In $JSON) {
$Squads += New-Object PSObject ($Squad | Select squadName, homeTown, formed, secretBase, active)
ForEach ($member In $Squad.members) {
$SquadMembers += New-Object PSObject ($member | Select @{label = "squadName" ;expression = {$Squad.squadName}}, name, age, secretIdentity)
ForEach ($power In $member.powers) {
$SquadMemberPowers += New-Object PSObject ($member | Select @{label = "name" ;expression = {$member.name}}, @{label = "powers" ;expression = {$power}})
}
}
}
$Squads | Export-CSV ".\Squad.csv" -NoTypeInformation
$SquadMembers | Export-CSV ".\SquadMembers.csv" -NoTypeInformation
$SquadMemberPowers | Export-CSV ".\SquadMemberPowers.csv" -NoTypeInformation
通用解决方案
members
级别，您有一个包含要枚举的哈希表的数组，在
powers级别，您喜欢转置数组，而不是想要从父级中获取一些不常见的属性（
squadnamevs
name）。您可能会考虑在这里引用第一个属性，但 PowerShell 中的哈希表并不总是保持顺序，请参阅：Powershell 哈希表键顺序)。 换句话说，对于通用解决方案，您将需要提供如此多的参数，以至于与上述特定脚本相比，不会有太多附加值，并且更改它是调整它的函数和变量。
$obj = Get-Content C:/input.json | ConvertFrom-Json
那么您至少有两种方法来选择您想要的项目。
简单选择：
$obj | select squadName, homeTown, formed, secretBase, active | Convertto-csv > c:\squads.csv
复杂的选择：
$members = $obj | foreach {
$squadName = $_.squadName
$_.members | foreach {
[pscustomobject]@{
squadName = $squadName
name = $_.name
age = $_.age
secretIdentity = $_.secretIdentity
}
}
}
$members | ConvertTo-Csv > c:\members.csv
$powers = $obj.members | foreach {
$memberName = $_.name
$_.powers | foreach {
[pscustomobject]@{
name = $memberName
power = $_
}
}
}
$powers | ConvertTo-Csv > c:\powers.csv
例如： Import-Csv "C:\Result.csv" - 分隔符 "," |排序对象 _from -唯一 |导出-csv“C:\FINAL_REPORT.csv”
Sub JSONtoCSV()
Dim JsonText As String
Dim JsonObject As Object
Dim FSO As Object
Dim JsonFile As Object
Dim key As Variant
Dim item As Object
Dim row As Long
Dim col As Long
Dim headers As New Collection
Dim header As Variant
Dim ws As Worksheet
' Set the worksheet where data will be written
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet1") ' Change to your sheet name
' Read JSON file
Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set JsonFile = FSO.OpenTextFile("C:\path\to\your\file.json", 1) ' 1 = ForReading
JsonText = JsonFile.ReadAll
JsonFile.Close
' Parse JSON
Set JsonObject = JsonConverter.ParseJson(JsonText)
' Initialize row and column counters
row = 1
col = 1
' Get headers from the first JSON object
For Each item In JsonObject
For Each key In item.Keys
On Error Resume Next
headers.Add key, key
On Error GoTo 0
Next key
Next item
' Write headers to Excel sheet
For Each header In headers
ws.Cells(row, col).Value = header
col = col + 1
Next header
' Reset column counter and increment row counter
col = 1
row = row + 1
' Write data to Excel sheet
For Each item In JsonObject
For Each header In headers
If item.Exists(header) Then
ws.Cells(row, col).Value = item(header)
Else
ws.Cells(row, col).Value = ""
End If
col = col + 1
Next header
col = 1
row = row + 1
Next item
' Autofit columns for better visibility
ws.Columns.AutoFit
MsgBox "JSON data has been imported to Excel."
结束子