我正在尝试使用highcharter和shiny中的动态数据创建一个多层向下钻取图。在SO社区的帮助下（向@K.Rohde致敬）能够通过循环所有可能的下钻来弄明白。我实际闪亮的应用程序将有数百次可能的下钻，我不想将这个额外的时间添加到应用程序，而是使用addSingleSeriesAsDrilldown动态创建下钻。不确定如何在R中使用它。
下面是我的问题循环遍历所有下钻可能性的工作示例：
library (shinyjs)
library (tidyr)
library (data.table)
library (highcharter)
library (dplyr)
library (shinydashboard)
library (shiny)
x <- c("Farm","Farm","Farm","City","City","City","Ocean","Ocean")
y <- c("Sheep","Sheep","Cow","Car","Bus","Bus","Boat","Boat")
z <- c("Bill","Tracy","Sandy","Bob","Carl","Newt","Fig","Tony")
a <- c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)
dat <- data.frame(x,y,z,a)
header <- dashboardHeader()
body <- dashboardBody(
highchartOutput("Working"),
verbatimTextOutput("trial")
)
sidebar <- dashboardSidebar()
ui <- dashboardPage(header, sidebar, body)
server <- function(input, output, session) {
output$Working <- renderHighchart({
#First Tier #Copied
datSum <- dat %>%
group_by(x) %>%
summarize(Quantity = sum(a)
)
datSum <- arrange(datSum,desc(Quantity))
Lvl1dfStatus <- tibble(name = datSum$x, y = datSum$Quantity, drilldown = tolower(name))
#Second Tier # Generalized to not use one single input
# Note: I am creating a list of Drilldown Definitions here.
Level_2_Drilldowns <- lapply(unique(dat$x), function(x_level) {
# x_level is what you called 'input' earlier.
datSum2 <- dat[dat$x == x_level,]
datSum2 <- datSum2 %>%
group_by(y) %>%
summarize(Quantity = sum(a)
)
datSum2 <- arrange(datSum2,desc(Quantity))
# Note: The "drilldown" variable has to be unique, this is why we use level 1 plus level 2 names.
Lvl2dfStatus <- tibble(name = datSum2$y,y = datSum2$Quantity, drilldown = tolower(paste(x_level, name, sep = "_")))
list(id = tolower(x_level), type = "column", data = list_parse(Lvl2dfStatus))
})
#Third Tier # Generalized through all of level 2
# Note: Again creating a list of Drilldown Definitions here.
Level_3_Drilldowns <- lapply(unique(dat$x), function(x_level) {
datSum2 <- dat[dat$x == x_level,]
lapply(unique(datSum2$y), function(y_level) {
datSum3 <- datSum2[datSum2$y == y_level,]
datSum3 <- datSum3 %>%
group_by(z) %>%
summarize(Quantity = sum(a)
)
datSum3 <- arrange(datSum3,desc(Quantity))
Lvl3dfStatus <- tibble(name = datSum3$z,y = datSum3$Quantity)
# Note: The id must match the one we specified above as "drilldown"
list(id = tolower(paste(x_level, y_level, sep = "_")), type = "column", data = list_parse2(Lvl3dfStatus))
})
}) %>% unlist(recursive = FALSE)
highchart() %>%
hc_xAxis(type = "category") %>%
hc_add_series(Lvl1dfStatus, "column", hcaes(x = name, y = y), color = "#E4551F") %>%
hc_plotOptions(column = list(stacking = "normal")) %>%
hc_drilldown(
allowPointDrilldown = TRUE,
series = c(Level_2_Drilldowns, Level_3_Drilldowns)
)
})
output$trial <- renderText({input$ClickedInput})
}
shinyApp(ui, server)
下面是使用addSingleSeriesAsDrilldown的R代码示例，但我不确定如何应用它。我需要动态更改JS字符串。
library(highcharter)
highchart() %>%
hc_chart(
events = list(
drilldown = JS("function(e) {
var chart = this,
newSeries = [{
color: 'red',
type: 'column',
stacking: 'normal',
data: [1, 5, 3, 4]
}, {
type: 'column',
stacking: 'normal',
data: [3, 4, 5, 1]
}]
chart.addSingleSeriesAsDrilldown(e.point, newSeries[0]);
chart.addSingleSeriesAsDrilldown(e.point, newSeries[1]);
chart.applyDrilldown();
}")
)
) %>%
hc_add_series(type = "pie", data= list(list(y = 3, drilldown = TRUE), list(y = 2, drilldown = TRUE))) %>%
hc_drilldown(
series = list()
)
你得到了这个问题的双重答案。有两种基本方法可以达到你想要的效果。一种是使用Highcharts提供的深入分析，即使您必须从R后端收集子系列。另一个是简单地替换Highcharts明细并实现R驱动的向下钻取，仅使用Highcharts进行渲染。
由于它可能更容易消化，我将从后者开始。
忘了Highcharts可以做下钻。您已经拥有了所需的一切，因为您知道如何添加一个事件广播器，告诉您何时单击图表上的一个点。
为此，您确实使用了renderHighcharts的反应性，并使用表示当前向下钻取的不同数据集重新渲染图表。该过程如下：单击“Farm”列，然后使用“Farm”子集呈现Chart。单击下一列并构建更深层次的嵌套子集并进行渲染。 Highcharts提供的唯一一件事就是添加一个“返回”按钮再次向上钻取。
下面的解决方案最初可能会引起混淆，因为它包含一些反应式表达式，这些表达式会聚到一个包含您当前钻取状态的反应数据集中。请注意，我们必须在后端存储当前的钻取状态，以便能够进行钻取并钻取到更深层次。
library (shinyjs)
library (tidyr)
library (data.table)
library (highcharter)
library (dplyr)
library (shinydashboard)
library (shiny)
x <- c("Farm","Farm","Farm","City","City","City","Ocean","Ocean")
y <- c("Sheep","Sheep","Cow","Car","Bus","Bus","Boat","Boat")
z <- c("Bill","Tracy","Sandy","Bob","Carl","Newt","Fig","Tony")
a <- c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)
dat <- data.frame(x,y,z,a)
header <- dashboardHeader()
body <- dashboardBody(
actionButton("Back", "Back"),
highchartOutput("Working"),
verbatimTextOutput("trial")
)
sidebar <- dashboardSidebar()
ui <- dashboardPage(header, sidebar, body)
server <- function(input, output, session) {
# To hold the current drilldown status as list, i.e. list("Farm", "Sheep")
state <- reactiveValues(drills = list())
# Reactive reacting to the above drill list, giving out a normalized data.frame (category, amount)
filtered <- reactive({
if (length(state$drills) == 0) {
# Case no drills are present.
data.frame(category = dat$x, amount = dat$a)
} else if (length(state$drills) == 1) {
# Case only x_level drill is present.
x_level = state$drills[[1]]
sub <- dat[dat$x == x_level,]
data.frame(category = sub$y, amount = sub$a)
} else if (length(state$drills) == 2) {
# Case x_level and y_level drills are present.
x_level = state$drills[[1]]
y_level = state$drills[[2]]
sub <- dat[dat$x == x_level & dat$y == y_level,]
data.frame(category = sub$z, amount = sub$a)
}
})
# Since Drilldown from Highcharts is not used: Install own click handler that builds up the drill list.
observeEvent(input$ClickedInput, {
if (length(state$drills) < 2) {
# Push drill name.
state$drills <<- c(state$drills, input$ClickedInput)
}
})
# Since Drilldown from Highcharts is not used: Back button is manually inserted.
observeEvent(input$Back, {
if (length(state$drills) > 0) {
# Pop drill name.
state$drills <<- state$drills[-length(state$drills)]
}
})
output$Working <- renderHighchart({
# Using normalized names from above.
summarized <- filtered() %>%
group_by(category) %>%
summarize(Quantity = sum(amount))
summarized <- arrange(summarized, desc(Quantity))
tibbled <- tibble(name = summarized$category, y = summarized$Quantity)
# This time, click handler is needed.
pointClickFunction <- JS("function(event) {Shiny.onInputChange('ClickedInput', event.point.name);}")
highchart() %>%
hc_xAxis(type = "category") %>%
hc_add_series(tibbled, "column", hcaes(x = name, y = y), color = "#E4551F") %>%
hc_plotOptions(column = list(stacking = "normal", events = list(click = pointClickFunction)))
})
output$trial <- renderText({input$ClickedInput})
}
shinyApp(ui, server)
在这种情况下，您需要将数据从后端发送到JavaScript以使用图表库中的addSeriesAsDrilldown方法。这是以一种异步方式工作：Highcharts警告某些点被要求向下钻取（通过单击它）。然后后端必须计算相应的数据集，然后将数据集报告回Highcharts，以便可以渲染它。我们为此使用CustomMessageHandler。
我们不会向原始的Highcharts添加任何向下钻取系列，但是我们告诉Highcharts在请求向下钻取时它必须发送什么关键字（drilldown-event）。请注意，这不是单击事件，而是更专业（仅当可用钻取时）。
我们发回的数据必须正确格式化，所以在这里你需要深入了解Highcharts（JS，而不是highcharter）的api。
有很多方法可以创建钻取数据，所以在这里我写了另一个更普遍的功能。但是，最重要的是您使用的level-ID可用于确定我们当前所处的过滤级别。代码中有一些注释指出了这些情况。
library (shinyjs)
library (tidyr)
library (data.table)
library (highcharter)
library (dplyr)
library (shinydashboard)
library (shiny)
x <- c("Farm","Farm","Farm","City","City","City","Ocean","Ocean")
y <- c("Sheep","Sheep","Cow","Car","Bus","Bus","Boat","Boat")
z <- c("Bill","Tracy","Sandy","Bob","Carl","Newt","Fig","Tony")
a <- c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)
dat <- data.frame(x,y,z,a)
header <- dashboardHeader()
body <- dashboardBody(
highchartOutput("Working"),
verbatimTextOutput("trial")
)
sidebar <- dashboardSidebar()
ui <- dashboardPage(header, sidebar, body)
server <- function(input, output, session) {
output$Working <- renderHighchart({
# Make the initial data.
summarized <- dat %>%
group_by(x) %>%
summarize(Quantity = sum(a))
summarized <- arrange(summarized, desc(Quantity))
tibbled <- tibble(name = summarized$x, y = summarized$Quantity)
# This time, click handler is needed.
drilldownHandler <- JS("function(event) {Shiny.onInputChange('ClickedInput', event.point.drilldown);}")
# Also a message receiver for later async drilldown data has to be set.
# Note in the JS: message.point is going to be the point ID. Highcharts addSeriesAsDrilldown need a point to attach
# the drilldown series to. This is retrieved via chart.get which takes the ID of any Highcharts Element.
# This means: IDs are kind of important here, so keep track of what you assign.
installDrilldownReceiver <- JS("function() {
var chart = this;
Shiny.addCustomMessageHandler('drilldown', function(message) {
var point = chart.get(message.point)
chart.addSeriesAsDrilldown(point, message.series);
});
}")
highchart() %>%
# Both events are on the chart layer, not by series.
hc_chart(events = list(load = installDrilldownReceiver, drilldown = drilldownHandler)) %>%
hc_xAxis(type = "category") %>%
# Note: We add a drilldown directive (= name) to tell Highcharts that this has a drilldown functionality.
hc_add_series(tibbled, "column", hcaes(x = name, y = y, drilldown = name, id = name), color = "#E4551F") %>%
hc_plotOptions(column = list(stacking = "normal")) %>%
hc_drilldown(allowPointDrilldown = TRUE)
})
# Drilldown handler to calculate the correct drilldown
observeEvent(input$ClickedInput, {
# We will code the drill levels to be i.e. Farm_Car. By that we calculate the next Sub-Chart.
levels <- strsplit(input$ClickedInput, "_", fixed = TRUE)[[1]]
# This is just for generalizing this function to work in all the levels and even be expandable to further more levels.
resemblences <- c("x", "y", "z")
dataSubSet <- dat
# We subsequently narrow down the original dataset by walking through the drilled levels
for (i in 1:length(levels)) {
dataSubSet <- dat[dat[[resemblences[i]]] == levels[i],]
}
# Create a common data.frame for all level names.
normalized <- data.frame(category = dataSubSet[[resemblences[length(levels) + 1]]], amount = dataSubSet$a)
summarized <- normalized %>%
group_by(category) %>%
summarize(Quantity = sum(amount))
summarized <- arrange(summarized, desc(Quantity))
tibbled <- tibble(name = summarized$category, y = summarized$Quantity)
# Preparing the names and drilldown directives for the next level below.
# If already in "Farm_Car", the name for column "Bob" will be "Farm_Car_Bob"
nextLevelCodes = lapply(tibbled$name, function(fac) {
paste(c(levels, as.character(fac)), collapse = "_")
}) %>% unlist
tibbled$id = nextLevelCodes
# This is dynamic handling for when there is no further drilldown possible.
# If no "drilldown" property is set in the data object, Highcharts will not let further drilldowns be triggered.
if (length(levels) < length(resemblences) - 1) {
tibbled$drilldown = nextLevelCodes
}
# Sending data to the installed Drilldown Data listener.
session$sendCustomMessage("drilldown", list(
series = list(
type = "column",
name = paste(levels, sep = "_"),
data = list_parse(tibbled)
),
# Here, point is, as mentioned above, the ID of the point that triggered the drilldown.
point = input$ClickedInput
))
})
output$trial <- renderText({input$ClickedInput})
}
shinyApp(ui, server)