Powershell - 从 CSV 创建新用户帐户并同时使用模板帐户信息（地址和组成员身份）填充这些新帐户

Question

我可以在 Powershell 中使用 CSV 创建用户帐户。

我还可以从 Powershell 中的模板帐户创建帐户，并且地址和组成员身份等信息可以正常显示。

但是，当尝试在 foreach 循环内组合这两个操作时，模板帐户中的附加信息将不会填充到从 CSV 创建的新帐户中。

我尝试使用变量来捕获模板用户属性，包括使用变量仅捕获模板帐户中的组信息。

我还尝试使用帐户的特定名称而不是变量。 但是，模板帐户中的数据不会转移到 foreach 循环中从 CSV 创建的帐户。

您可以在下图中看到，数据永远不会填充到新创建的用户中。 （我不知道为什么图像没有显示，它向我显示了缩略图并给了我“添加图像”的选项）

您可以在下面的代码中看到我尝试过的事情：

#------------------------- Create users with CSV & Template -------------------------------
# Goal = to get all settings from template account  to include city, address, & groups 
#   into each account that is being created from the CSV.
#      The accounts create, but the other data (address & groups) do not populate.

# Import the CSV file
$users = Import-Csv -Path "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Posh_Server2022\AD\Users.csv"

   # Get the template user 
$templateUser = Get-ADUser -Identity "Template User"

# Loop through each user in the CSV file
foreach ($user_ in $users) {
    # Create the new user based on the template
     New-ADUser  -Name $user_.Name `
    -GivenName $user_.GivenName `
    -Surname $user_.Surname `
    -SamAccountName $user_.UserName `
    -AccountPassword $user_.Password `
    -Instance $templateUser

# Get the groups that the template user is a member of
#$groups = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership -Identity $templateUser

############## THIS IS WHERE PROBLEMS START ##############
    #$tmpltUsr = Get-ADUser 'Template User' -Properties MemberOf
       #$tmpltUsr = Get-ADUser 'Template User' # THIS GIVES NO ERRORS BUT DOESN'T WORK
     #$tmpltUsr = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership -Identity "Template User"
            #ForEach($group in 'Template User'.MemberOf){
               # ForEach($group in $groups){
               ForEach($group in $templateUser.MemberOf){ # THIS GIVES NO ERRORS BUT DOESN'T WORK
                   # ForEach($group in $templateUser){
              Add-ADGroupMember $group -Members $user_ #THIS GAVE NO ERRORS
            #Add-ADGroupMember -Identity $group.Name -Members $user_
    }
}

################################################## ##

CSV：

姓名、名字、姓氏、用户名、账户密码

测试用户1，测试，用户1，tuser1，密码

测试用户2，测试，用户2，tuser2，密码

Answer 1

正如 iRon 评论的那样，您不会 capture New-ADUser 创建的对象，您的代码现在使用从 CSV 读取的

PsCustomObject

作为参数

-Members

的值，但这不起作用。
可以在here

找到可接受的值

此外，我建议不要使用那些可怕的反引号，而是在可能需要大量参数的 cmdlet 上使用 Splatting。

尝试

#------------------------- Create users with CSV & Template -------------------------------

# Import the CSV file
$csvUsers = Import-Csv -Path "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Posh_Server2022\AD\Users.csv"

# Get the template user (your code shows the Name only, not the SamAccountName which would be a lot easier)

# Get-ADUser by default returns these properties:
# DistinguishedName, Enabled, GivenName, Name, ObjectClass, ObjectGUID, SamAccountName, SID, Surname, UserPrincipalName
# If you need extra user properties, you must provide them in parameter `Properties

$propsToCopy  = 'StreetAddress', 'City', 'State', 'PostalCode', 'POBox'
$templateUser = Get-ADUser -Filter "Name -eq 'Template User' -or DisplayName -eq 'Template User'" -Properties MemberOf, $propsToCopy
if (!$templateUser) {
    throw "Cannot find the template user.."
}

# Loop through each user in the CSV file and collect the user objects in $newUsers
$newUsers = foreach ($user in $csvUsers) {
    # Create the new user based on the template
    $userParams = @{
        Name            = $user.Name
        GivenName       = $user.GivenName
        Surname         = $user.Surname
        SamAccountName  = $user.UserName
        AccountPassword = $user.Password
        Instance        = $templateUser
        Enabled         = $true
        PassThru        = $true  # this makes the New-ADUser cmdlet output the ADPrincipal object it created
    }

    New-ADUser @userParams
}

# add the new users to the groups the Template User is a member of
foreach ($groupDN in $templateUser.MemberOf) {
    Add-ADGroupMember -Identity $groupDN -Members $newUsers
}