我正在使用UIWebView
的一个实例处理一些文本并正确地着色它,它将结果显示为HTML,而不是在UIWebView
中显示它我想使用Core Text
和NSAttributedString
显示它。
我能够创建和绘制NSAttributedString
,但我不确定如何转换并将HTML映射到属性字符串。
据我所知,在Mac OS X下,NSAttributedString
有一个initWithHTML:
方法,但这只是Mac的补充,不适用于iOS。
我也知道有一个类似的问题,但它没有答案,我虽然我会再试一次,看看是否有人创造了一种方法来做到这一点,如果是的话,他们是否可以分享它。
在iOS 7中,UIKit添加了一个initWithData:options:documentAttributes:error:方法,该方法可以使用HTML初始化NSAtttributedString,例如:
[[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithData:[htmlString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]
options:@{NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType,
NSCharacterEncodingDocumentAttribute: @(NSUTF8StringEncoding)}
documentAttributes:nil error:nil];
在Swift中:
let htmlData = NSString(string: details).data(using: String.Encoding.unicode.rawValue)
let options = [NSAttributedString.DocumentReadingOptionKey.documentType:
NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html]
let attributedString = try? NSMutableAttributedString(data: htmlData ?? Data(),
options: options,
documentAttributes: nil)
以上解决方案是正确的。
[[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithData:[htmlString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]
options:@{NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType,
NSCharacterEncodingDocumentAttribute: @(NSUTF8StringEncoding)}
documentAttributes:nil error:nil];
但是如果你在ios 8.1,2或3上运行它,应用程序将崩溃。
为了避免崩溃,您可以做的是:在队列中运行它。所以它总是在主线程上。
使用NSHTMLTextDocumentType很慢并且很难控制样式。我建议你试试我的图书馆,叫做Atributika。它有自己非常快速的HTML解析器。您还可以拥有任何标签名称并为其定义任何样式。
例:
let str = "<strong>Hello</strong> World!".style(tags:
Style("strong").font(.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 15))).attributedString
label.attributedText = str
斯威夫特3: 试试这个:
extension String {
func htmlAttributedString() -> NSAttributedString? {
guard let data = self.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16, allowLossyConversion: false) else { return nil }
guard let html = try? NSMutableAttributedString(
data: data,
options: [NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType],
documentAttributes: nil) else { return nil }
return html
}
}
并使用:
let str = "<h1>Hello bro</h1><h2>Come On</h2><h3>Go sis</h3><ul><li>ME 1</li><li>ME 2</li></ul> <p>It is me bro , remember please</p>"
self.contentLabel.attributedText = str.htmlAttributedString()
受到这个主题,pod和Erica Sadun在iOS Gourmet Cookbook p.80中的ObjC示例的启发,我在String
和NSAttributedString
上编写了一个扩展,在HTML普通字符串和NSAttributedStrings之间来回反复,反之亦然 - 在GitHub上here ,我发现有帮助。
签名是(再次,Gist中的完整代码,上面的链接):
extension NSAttributedString {
func encodedString(ext: DocEXT) -> String?
static func fromEncodedString(_ eString: String, ext: DocEXT) -> NSAttributedString?
static func fromHTML(_ html: String) -> NSAttributedString? // same as above, where ext = .html
}
extension String {
func attributedString(ext: DocEXT) -> NSAttributedString?
}
enum DocEXT: String { case rtfd, rtf, htm, html, txt }
用字体
extension NSAttributedString
{
internal convenience init?(html: String, font: UIFont? = nil) {
guard let data = html.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16, allowLossyConversion: false) else {
return nil
}
assert(Thread.isMainThread)
guard let attributedString = try? NSAttributedString(data: data, options: [.documentType: NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html, .characterEncoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue], documentAttributes: nil) else {
return nil
}
let mutable = NSMutableAttributedString(attributedString: attributedString)
if let font = font {
mutable.addAttribute(.font, value: font, range: NSRange(location: 0, length: mutable.length))
}
self.init(attributedString: mutable)
}
}
或者您可以使用从派生自的版本并在设置attributedString后在UILabel上设置字体
Github的Oliver Drobnik正在进行一项正在进行中的open source addition to NSAttributedString。它使用NSScanner进行HTML解析。
更新:事实证明,NSAttributedString HTML呈现依赖于WebKit,必须在主线程上运行,否则偶尔会使用SIGTRAP使应用程序崩溃。
新Relic崩溃日志:
下面是一个更新的线程安全的Swift 2 String扩展:
extension String {
func attributedStringFromHTML(completionBlock:NSAttributedString? ->()) {
guard let data = dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding) else {
print("Unable to decode data from html string: \(self)")
return completionBlock(nil)
}
let options = [NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute : NSHTMLTextDocumentType,
NSCharacterEncodingDocumentAttribute: NSNumber(unsignedInteger:NSUTF8StringEncoding)]
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
if let attributedString = try? NSAttributedString(data: data, options: options, documentAttributes: nil) {
completionBlock(attributedString)
} else {
print("Unable to create attributed string from html string: \(self)")
completionBlock(nil)
}
}
}
}
用法:
let html = "<center>Here is some <b>HTML</b></center>"
html.attributedStringFromHTML { attString in
self.bodyLabel.attributedText = attString
}
输出:
我倾向于将此作为NSAttributedString
而不是String
的延伸。我尝试将它作为静态扩展和初始化器。我更喜欢初始化器,这是我在下面包含的内容。
斯威夫特4
internal convenience init?(html: String) {
guard let data = html.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16, allowLossyConversion: false) else {
return nil
}
guard let attributedString = try? NSAttributedString(data: data, options: [.documentType: NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html, .characterEncoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue], documentAttributes: nil) else {
return nil
}
self.init(attributedString: attributedString)
}
斯威夫特3
extension NSAttributedString {
internal convenience init?(html: String) {
guard let data = html.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16, allowLossyConversion: false) else {
return nil
}
guard let attributedString = try? NSMutableAttributedString(data: data, options: [NSAttributedString.DocumentReadingOptionKey.documentType: NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html], documentAttributes: nil) else {
return nil
}
self.init(attributedString: attributedString)
}
}
例
let html = "<b>Hello World!</b>"
let attributedString = NSAttributedString(html: html)
这是一个用Swift编写的String
扩展,用于返回一个HTML字符串NSAttributedString
。
extension String {
func htmlAttributedString() -> NSAttributedString? {
guard let data = self.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF16StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: false) else { return nil }
guard let html = try? NSMutableAttributedString(data: data, options: [NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType], documentAttributes: nil) else { return nil }
return html
}
}
要用,
label.attributedText = "<b>Hello</b> \u{2022} babe".htmlAttributedString()
在上面,我特意添加了一个unicode \ u2022来显示它正确呈现unicode。
一个小问题:NSAttributedString
使用的默认编码是NSUTF16StringEncoding
(不是UTF8!)。
Swift 3.0 Xcode 8版
func htmlAttributedString() -> NSAttributedString? {
guard let data = self.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16, allowLossyConversion: false) else { return nil }
guard let html = try? NSMutableAttributedString(data: data, options: [NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType], documentAttributes: nil) else { return nil }
return html
}
斯威夫特4
extension NSAttributedString {
convenience init(htmlString html: String) throws {
try self.init(data: Data(html.utf8), options: [
.documentType: NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html,
.characterEncoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue
], documentAttributes: nil)
}
}
用法
UILabel.attributedText = try? NSAttributedString(htmlString: "<strong>Hello</strong> World!")
您现在唯一的解决方案是解析HTML,使用给定的point / font / etc属性构建一些节点,然后将它们组合成NSAttributedString。这是很多工作,但如果做得正确,将来可以重复使用。
对Andrew的解决方案进行了一些修改,并将代码更新为Swift 3:
此代码现在使用UITextView作为self
并能够继承其原始字体,字体大小和文本颜色
注意:toHexString()
是here的延伸
extension UITextView {
func setAttributedStringFromHTML(_ htmlCode: String, completionBlock: @escaping (NSAttributedString?) ->()) {
let inputText = "\(htmlCode)<style>body { font-family: '\((self.font?.fontName)!)'; font-size:\((self.font?.pointSize)!)px; color: \((self.textColor)!.toHexString()); }</style>"
guard let data = inputText.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16) else {
print("Unable to decode data from html string: \(self)")
return completionBlock(nil)
}
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if let attributedString = try? NSAttributedString(data: data, options: [NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType], documentAttributes: nil) {
self.attributedText = attributedString
completionBlock(attributedString)
} else {
print("Unable to create attributed string from html string: \(self)")
completionBlock(nil)
}
}
}
}
用法示例:
mainTextView.setAttributedStringFromHTML("<i>Hello world!</i>") { _ in }