.NET 7 Microsoft.Data.SqlClient PlatformNotSupportedException DbContext 使用时出现错误

Question

我已使用升级助手将我的类库项目从 .NET Framework 4.8 迁移到 .NET 7。我的 SQL Server 数据库位于云中。我正在使用 Windows 10 操作系统和 Visual Studio 2022。

当我尝试使用 DbContext 时，出现此错误：

System.PlatformNotSupportedException：“此平台不支持 Microsoft.Data.SqlClient。”

下面列出了PackageReferences（使用NuGet将它们添加到项目中）：

<ItemGroup>
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.SqlClient" Version="5.1.5" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SNI.runtime" Version="5.1.1" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="7.0.15" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Abstractions" Version="7.0.15" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design" Version="7.0.15">
    <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
    <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
  </PackageReference>
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Relational" Version="7.0.15" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="7.0.15" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Design" Version="1.1.6" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="7.0.15">
    <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
    <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
  </PackageReference>
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.SqlServer.Server" Version="1.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="PreEmptive.Protection.Checks.Attributes" Version="2.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Data.Common" Version="4.3.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Data.SqlClient" Version="4.8.6" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Interactive.Async" Version="6.0.1" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Memory" Version="4.5.5" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Reflection.Emit" Version="4.7.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Reflection.TypeExtensions" Version="4.7.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Runtime.Handles" Version="4.3.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Bcl.AsyncInterfaces" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" Version="4.7.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Abstractions" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Options" Version="8.0.1" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NETCore.Platforms" Version="7.0.4" />
  <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.3" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Collections.Immutable" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.ComponentModel.Composition" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Data.OleDb" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Management" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Unsafe" Version="6.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Cng" Version="5.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs" Version="8.0.0" />
  <PackageReference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Xml" Version="7.0.1" />
</ItemGroup>

DbContext 代码如下所示：

public partial class dbContext : DbContext
{
    public dbContext()
        : base(new DbContextOptionsBuilder<dbContext>().UseSqlServer("Data Source=SERVER_IP;Initial Catalog=MY_DB_NAME;User Id=USER_NAME;Password=MY_PW;").Options)
    {
    }
}

我尝试过降级依赖项，但没有成功。

我还尝试在

.csproj

 文件中指定运行时，如下所示，但这也不起作用：

<RuntimeIdentifier>win-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>
<RuntimeIdentifier>win</RuntimeIdentifier>
  <ItemGroup>
    <None Include="$(USERPROFILE)\.nuget\packages\microsoft.data.sqlclient\5.1.5\runtimes\win\lib\net6.0\Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.dll">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </None>
  </ItemGroup>
  <Target Name="CopyToBin" BeforeTargets="Build">
    <Copy SourceFiles="$(USERPROFILE)\.nuget\packages\microsoft.data.sqlclient\5.1.5\runtimes\win\lib\net6.0\Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.dll" DestinationFolder="$(OutputPath)\bin" />
  </Target>

我还清除了 nuget 缓存，但没有帮助。我想我遇到了软件包版本的问题，但不确定要使用哪个版本。似乎都是最新版本。

Answer 1

蛮力方法（有效）

我发现有时将 Microsoft.Data.SqlClient 和 System.Data.SqlClient 添加到所有涉及的项目中（即使看起来他们不需要它们）可以解决问题。然后，一旦所有内容都编译完毕，您就可以进去并尝试一次删除它们并重新编译，直到只剩下您需要的那些。