PHP 如何在 try/catch 中捕获特定的“$x 必须是数组”异常？

Question

我正在尝试向我们的错误记录器发送一条特定的错误消息，该消息涉及特定发生的错误的上下文，因为传递给

array_key_exists

的变量不是数组。我想在我的错误消息中非常具体，所以我想要一个

catch

仅当发生特定的

$x is not an array

异常时才专门返回有关上下文的一些信息，但我不知道如何专门查找该异常例外，有办法吗？

例如，我有：

try {
    // blah blah some stuff
    array_key_exists('blah', $maybeAnArray)
    // blah blah more stuff
} catch ( Exception $e ) {
    logger()->error($e);
    // send notification that says $maybeAnArray is not an array because of blah blah, do something about it when you see this error
}

仅在上述情况下，

Exception $e

才会被捕获为任何异常，而不仅仅是数组异常。

有没有办法像使用 if 语句那样做一些事情，你可以做这样的事情：

if(!is_array($maybeAnArray) {
    // throw Exception $e and log error with specific details
}

谢谢！

Answer 1

这是您想要实现的目标的一个工作示例。

<?php

// Simulate a logger function
function logger() {
    return new class {
        public function error($message) {
            echo "Logged Error: " . $message . "\n";
        }
    };
}

// Example function to demonstrate error handling
function checkArrayKey($maybeAnArray) {
    try {
        // Trying to use array_key_exists with $maybeAnArray
        array_key_exists('blah', $maybeAnArray);
        echo "array_key_exists executed successfully.\n";
    } catch (TypeError $e) {
        // Specific handling for when $maybeAnArray is not an array
        logger()->error("TypeError: \$maybeAnArray is not an array. Value: " . print_r($maybeAnArray, true));
        // You could do further processing or notification here
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        // Generic handling for other exceptions
        logger()->error("General Exception: " . $e->getMessage());
    }
}

// Test cases
$validArray = ['blah' => 'value'];
$invalidValue = "This is not an array";
$anotherInvalidValue = 12345;

// Calling the function with different types of inputs
echo "Test Case 1: Valid Array\n";
checkArrayKey($validArray); // Should execute without any errors

echo "\nTest Case 2: Invalid Value (String)\n";
checkArrayKey($invalidValue); // Should catch TypeError and log a specific message

echo "\nTest Case 3: Invalid Value (Integer)\n";
checkArrayKey($anotherInvalidValue); // Should catch TypeError and log a specific message

?>

对于 cli 测试，您可以使用这个衬垫：

php -r 'function logger() { return new class { public function error($message) { echo "Logged Error: " . $message . "\n"; } }; } function checkArrayKey($maybeAnArray) { try { array_key_exists("blah", $maybeAnArray); echo "array_key_exists executed successfully.\n"; } catch (TypeError $e) { logger()->error("TypeError: \$maybeAnArray is not an array. Value: " . print_r($maybeAnArray, true)); } catch (Exception $e) { logger()->error("General Exception: " . $e->getMessage()); } } echo "Test Case 1: Valid Array\n"; checkArrayKey(["blah" => "value"]); echo "\nTest Case 2: Invalid Value (String)\n"; checkArrayKey("This is not an array"); echo "\nTest Case 3: Invalid Value (Integer)\n"; checkArrayKey(12345);'