在 Django Web 应用程序中找不到静态资源

Question

我是 Django 新手。这是我第一次尝试在 Django 中建立一个项目。我之前运行过这个应用程序，所有静态文件都按预期显示。但一段时间后重新启动我的机器，静态文件不再显示。

这是项目结构

这是我收到的错误消息

我的settings.py如下：

"""
Django settings for DebbyrichCollections project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 5.1.3.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path
from django.conf.urls.static import static

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-%0!($(z=yfs)tik4630krj64)m+h7o12@bujz)v+lh5j+3z%7='

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles'
]

 MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'DebbyrichCollections.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
{
    'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
    'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')],
    'APP_DIRS': True,
    'OPTIONS': {
        'context_processors': [
            'django.template.context_processors.debug',
            'django.template.context_processors.request',
            'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
            'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
        ],
    },
},
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'DebbyrichCollections.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
'default': {
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
    'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
   }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
    'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
    'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
    'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
    'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]

from django.conf import settings

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

STATICFILEDIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,STATIC_URL)
] + static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'static'))

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.1/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

Answer 1

我认为您误解了如何使用

static(…)

处理程序^[Django-doc]：这是一个定义 URL 路径的工具，然后调用视图来提供静态文件，所以它确实 不属于

settings.py

而是属于root

urls.py

（或者另一个，虽然这很奇怪），所以

DebbyrichCollections/urls.py

看起来像：

# DebbyrichCollections/urls.py

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    # …
]


urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)

在设置中，请不要将

STATIC_URL

与

BASE_DIR

加入，这样没有多大意义，如果以后更改

STATIC_URL

，会带来很多麻烦。

合作：

# settings.py

# …

STATICFILEDIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/')]

---

注意：Python 模块通常以 snake_case 编写，而不是 PascalCase，所以它 应该是

debbyrich_collections

，而不是

DebbyrichCollections

。