我正试图在python中进行实时绘图声音。我需要从麦克风上取下块。
使用PyAudio，尝试使用
import pyaudio
import wave
import sys
chunk = 1024
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 1
RATE = 44100
RECORD_SECONDS = 5
WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME = "output.wav"
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format = FORMAT,
channels = CHANNELS,
rate = RATE,
input = True,
frames_per_buffer = chunk)
print "* recording"
all = []
for i in range(0, RATE / chunk * RECORD_SECONDS):
data = stream.read(chunk)
all.append(data)
print "* done recording"
stream.close()
p.terminate()
之后，我收到以下错误：
* recording
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "gg.py", line 23, in <module>
data = stream.read(chunk)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyaudio.py", line 564, in read
return pa.read_stream(self._stream, num_frames)
IOError: [Errno Input overflowed] -9981
我无法理解这个缓冲区。我想，使用阻止IO模式，所以如果没有块，我想等待那些块。但是当我创建尝试除了段或睡眠（0.1），我听到点击，所以这不是我想要的。
请为我的问题建议最佳解决方案？
pyaudio.Stream.read()有一个关键字参数exception_on_overflow，将其设置为False。
对于您的示例代码，如下所示：
import pyaudio
import wave
import sys
chunk = 1024
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 1
RATE = 44100
RECORD_SECONDS = 5
WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME = "output.wav"
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format = FORMAT,
channels = CHANNELS,
rate = RATE,
input = True,
frames_per_buffer = chunk)
print "* recording"
all = []
for i in range(0, RATE / chunk * RECORD_SECONDS):
data = stream.read(chunk, exception_on_overflow = False)
all.append(data)
print "* done recording"
stream.close()
p.terminate()
有关详细信息，请参阅PyAudio documentation。
我运行你的代码时遇到了同样的错误。我查看了我的默认音频设备的默认采样率，我的macbook的内置麦克风，它是48000Hz而不是44100Hz。
p.get_device_info_by_index(0)['defaultSampleRate']
Out[12]: 48000.0
当我将RATE更改为此值时，它可以正常工作。
似乎很多人都遇到了这个问题。我挖了一下它，我认为这意味着在前一次调用stream.read()和当前调用之间，来自流的数据丢失了（即缓冲区填满的速度比你清除它的速度快）。
来自Pa_ReadStream()的文档（stream.read()最终调用的PortAudio函数）：
@return On success PaNoError will be returned, or PaInputOverflowed if
input data was discarded by PortAudio after the previous call and
before this call.
（PaInputOverflowed然后在pyaudio包装中导致IOError）。
如果您没有捕获每一帧，那么您可以忽略此错误。如果对每个帧都绝对至关重要，那么您需要找到一种方法来提高应用程序的优先级。我不太熟悉Python知道这样做的pythonic方法，但是值得尝试一个简单的nice命令，或者将调度策略更改为SCHED_DEADLINE。
编辑：
现在的一个问题是，当抛出IOError时，您将丢失该调用中收集的所有帧。要改为忽略溢出并返回我们所拥有的内容，您可以应用下面的补丁，这将导致stream.read（）忽略PortAudio的输出欠载和输入溢出错误（但如果发生了不同的错误，仍然会抛出一些东西）。更好的方法是根据您的需要调整此行为（throw / no throw）。
diff --git a/src/_portaudiomodule.c b/src/_portaudiomodule.c
index a8f053d..0878e74 100644
--- a/src/_portaudiomodule.c
+++ b/src/_portaudiomodule.c
@@ -2484,15 +2484,15 @@ pa_read_stream(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
} else {
/* clean up */
_cleanup_Stream_object(streamObject);
+
+ /* free the string buffer */
+ Py_XDECREF(rv);
+
+ PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_IOError,
+ Py_BuildValue("(s,i)",
+ Pa_GetErrorText(err), err));
+ return NULL;
}
-
- /* free the string buffer */
- Py_XDECREF(rv);
-
- PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_IOError,
- Py_BuildValue("(s,i)",
- Pa_GetErrorText(err), err));
- return NULL;
}
return rv;
我在OS X 10.10上工作，尝试从SYBA USB卡（C媒体芯片组）中的麦克风获取音频时出现同样的错误，并使用fft和更多信息实时处理：
IOError: [Errno Input overflowed] -9981
使用回调模式时，溢出完全解决了，而不是像libbkmz所写的阻塞模式。（https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0263/）
基于此，工作代码的位看起来像这样：
"""
Creating the audio stream from our mic
"""
rate=48000
self.chunk=2**12
width = 2
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
# callback function to stream audio, another thread.
def callback(in_data,frame_count, time_info, status):
self.audio = numpy.fromstring(in_data,dtype=numpy.int16)
return (self.audio, pyaudio.paContinue)
#create a pyaudio object
self.inStream = p.open(format = p.get_format_from_width(width, unsigned=False),
channels=1,
rate=rate,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=self.chunk,
stream_callback = callback)
"""
Setting up the array that will handle the timeseries of audio data from our input
"""
self.audio = numpy.empty((self.buffersize),dtype="int16")
self.inStream.start_stream()
while True:
try:
self.ANY_FUNCTION() #any function to run parallel to the audio thread, running forever, until ctrl+C is pressed.
except KeyboardInterrupt:
self.inStream.stop_stream()
self.inStream.close()
p.terminate()
print("* Killed Process")
quit()
此代码将创建一个回调函数，然后创建一个流对象，启动它然后循环任何函数。一个单独的线程流音频，当主循环停止时该流被关闭。 self.audio用于任何函数。如果没有终止，我也遇到了永远运行的线程问题。
由于Pyaudio在一个单独的线程中运行此流，这使得音频流稳定，因此阻塞模式可能已经饱和，具体取决于脚本中其余进程的速度或时间。
请注意，块大小为2 ^ 12，但较小的块也可以。我还考虑了其他参数，以确保它们都有意义：
希望对某人有用！
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
确保设置正确的格式，我的内置麦克风设置为24位（请参阅Audio-Midi-Setup应用程序）。
在大多数情况下，我的other answer解决了这个问题。但是，有时错误仍然会发生。
这就是为什么我取消了pyaudio并切换到pyalsaaudio的原因。我的Raspy现在能够平滑地录制任何声音。
import alsaaudio
import numpy as np
import array
# constants
CHANNELS = 1
INFORMAT = alsaaudio.PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE
RATE = 44100
FRAMESIZE = 1024
# set up audio input
recorder=alsaaudio.PCM(type=alsaaudio.PCM_CAPTURE)
recorder.setchannels(CHANNELS)
recorder.setrate(RATE)
recorder.setformat(INFORMAT)
recorder.setperiodsize(FRAMESIZE)
buffer = array.array('f')
while <some condition>:
buffer.fromstring(recorder.read()[1])
data = np.array(buffer, dtype='f')
我在真正慢的覆盆子pi上遇到了同样的问题，但我能够通过使用更快的array模块来存储数据来解决它（大多数情况下）。
import array
import pyaudio
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 1
INPUT_CHANNEL=2
RATE = 48000
CHUNK = 512
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=INPUT_CHANNEL,
frames_per_buffer =CHUNK)
print("* recording")
try:
data = array.array('h')
for i in range(0, int(RATE / CHUNK * RECORD_SECONDS)):
data.fromstring(stream.read(CHUNK))
finally:
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
print("* done recording")
之后data的内容相当二元。但是你可以使用numpy.array(data, dtype='i')来获得一系列笨蛋。
对我来说这有帮助：https://stackoverflow.com/a/46787874/5047984
我使用多处理将文件并行写入录制音频。这是我的代码：
record audio samples.朋友
import pyaudio
import wave
import datetime
import signal
import ftplib
import sys
import os
# configuration for assos_listen
import config
# run the audio capture and send sound sample processes
# in parallel
from multiprocessing import Process
# CONFIG
CHUNK = config.chunkSize
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 1
RATE = config.samplingRate
RECORD_SECONDS = config.sampleLength
# HELPER FUNCTIONS
# write to ftp
def uploadFile(filename):
print("start uploading file: " + filename)
# connect to container
ftp = ftplib.FTP(config.ftp_server_ip, config.username, config.password)
# write file
ftp.storbinary('STOR '+filename, open(filename, 'rb'))
# close connection
ftp.quit()
print("finished uploading: " +filename)
# write to sd-card
def storeFile(filename,frames):
print("start writing file: " + filename)
wf = wave.open(filename, 'wb')
wf.setnchannels(CHANNELS)
wf.setsampwidth(p.get_sample_size(FORMAT))
wf.setframerate(RATE)
wf.writeframes(b''.join(frames))
wf.close()
print(filename + " written")
# abort the sampling process
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
print('You pressed Ctrl+C!')
# close stream and pyAudio
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
sys.exit(0)
# MAIN FUNCTION
def recordAudio(p, stream):
sampleNumber = 0
while (True):
print("* recording")
sampleNumber = sampleNumber +1
frames = []
startDateTimeStr = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%I_%M_%S_%f")
for i in range(0, int(RATE / CHUNK * RECORD_SECONDS)):
data = stream.read(CHUNK)
frames.append(data)
fileName = str(config.sensorID) + "_" + startDateTimeStr + ".wav"
# create a store process to write the file in parallel
storeProcess = Process(target=storeFile, args=(fileName,frames))
storeProcess.start()
if (config.upload == True):
# since waiting for the upload to finish will take some time
# and we do not want to have gaps in our sample
# we start the upload process in parallel
print("start uploading...")
uploadProcess = Process(target=uploadFile, args=(fileName,))
uploadProcess.start()
# ENTRYPOINT FROM CONSOLE
if __name__ == '__main__':
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK)
# directory to write and read files from
os.chdir(config.storagePath)
# abort by pressing C
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
print('\n\n--------------------------\npress Ctrl+C to stop the recording')
# start recording
recordAudio(p, stream)
config.朋友
### configuration file for assos_listen
# upload
upload = False
# config for this sensor
sensorID = "al_01"
# sampling rate & chunk size
chunkSize = 8192
samplingRate = 44100 # 44100 needed for Aves sampling
# choices=[4000, 8000, 16000, 32000, 44100] :: default 16000
# sample length in seconds
sampleLength = 10
# configuration for assos_store container
ftp_server_ip = "192.168.0.157"
username = "sensor"
password = "sensor"
# storage on assos_listen device
storagePath = "/home/pi/assos_listen_pi/storage/"
这对我有帮助：
input_ = stream.read(chunk, exception_on_overflow=False)
exception_on_overflow = False