我正在尝试使用 I2c 工具测试板（主）和 stm32 板（从）之间的 I2C 通信。 我发现了一些麻烦。
我以为从机地址是0x12，但是在i2c.c的ownaddress info中，该值是36，我不知道为什么。
我只尝试了i2cdetect，我发现第一次连接成功，但接下来的i2cdetect失败......
这是i2c大师 在此输入图片描述
这是 Slave 的 Uart 图像 在此输入图片描述
我将通过UART上传错误，以及stm32板的main.c，i2c.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
#define SLAVE_ADDRESS 0x12
#define BUFFER_SIZE 32
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t rxBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
uint8_t txBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = "Hello from STM32!";
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
int __io_putchar(int ch)
{
while(HAL_OK != HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 1000))
{}
return ch;
}
void HAL_I2C_ErrorCallback(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c)
{
if (hi2c->Instance == I2C1)
{
printf("State: 0x%02lX, Error: 0x%02lX\r\n",
(unsigned long)HAL_I2C_GetState(hi2c),
(unsigned long)HAL_I2C_GetError(hi2c));
uint32_t errorCode = HAL_I2C_GetError(hi2c);
printf("I2C Error occurred, Error Code: %lu\r\n", errorCode);
if (errorCode & HAL_I2C_ERROR_AF)
{
printf("Acknowledge Failure: Check address.\r\n");
}
if (errorCode & HAL_I2C_ERROR_TIMEOUT)
{
printf("Timeout Error.\r\n");
}
HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive_IT(&hi2c1, rxBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
}
void HAL_I2C_AddrCallback(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c, uint8_t TransferDirection, uint16_t AddrMatchCode)
{
if (hi2c->Instance == I2C1)
{
if (TransferDirection == I2C_DIRECTION_TRANSMIT)
{
printf("Address Matched: 0x%02X, Direction: Transmit\r\n", AddrMatchCode);
}
else if (TransferDirection == I2C_DIRECTION_RECEIVE)
{
printf("Address Matched: 0x%02X, Direction: Receive\r\n", AddrMatchCode);
}
}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART2_UART_Init();
MX_I2C1_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
printf("\r\n I2C Communication Start \r\n");
HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive_IT(&hi2c1, rxBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
HAL_I2C_Slave_Transmit_IT(&hi2c1, txBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
HAL_Delay(1000);
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 16;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 336;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV4;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_I2C_SlaveRxCpltCallback(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c)
{
if (hi2c->Instance == I2C1)
{
printf("Received: %s\r\n", rxBuffer);
HAL_I2C_Slave_Receive_IT(&hi2c1, rxBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
}
void HAL_I2C_SlaveTxCpltCallback(I2C_HandleTypeDef *hi2c)
{
if (hi2c->Instance == I2C1)
{
printf("Data Sent: %s\r\n", txBuffer);
}
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file i2c.c
* @brief This file provides code for the configuration
* of the I2C instances.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "i2c.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
/* I2C1 init function */
void MX_I2C1_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 1 */
hi2c1.Instance = I2C1;
hi2c1.Init.ClockSpeed = 400000;
hi2c1.Init.DutyCycle = I2C_DUTYCYCLE_2;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress1 = 36;
hi2c1.Init.AddressingMode = I2C_ADDRESSINGMODE_7BIT;
hi2c1.Init.DualAddressMode = I2C_DUALADDRESS_DISABLE;
hi2c1.Init.OwnAddress2 = 0;
hi2c1.Init.GeneralCallMode = I2C_GENERALCALL_DISABLE;
hi2c1.Init.NoStretchMode = I2C_NOSTRETCH_DISABLE;
if (HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_Init 2 */
if (HAL_I2C_EnableListen_IT(&hi2c1) != HAL_OK)
{
printf("Error enabling listen mode\r\n");
}
/* USER CODE END I2C1_Init 2 */
}
void HAL_I2C_MspInit(I2C_HandleTypeDef* i2cHandle)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
if(i2cHandle->Instance==I2C1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_MspInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_MspInit 0 */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
/**I2C1 GPIO Configuration
PB6 ------> I2C1_SCL
PB7 ------> I2C1_SDA
*/
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_6|GPIO_PIN_7;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_OD;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF4_I2C1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* I2C1 clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_I2C1_CLK_ENABLE();
/* I2C1 interrupt Init */
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(I2C1_EV_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(I2C1_EV_IRQn);
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(I2C1_ER_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(I2C1_ER_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_MspInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_MspInit 1 */
}
}
void HAL_I2C_MspDeInit(I2C_HandleTypeDef* i2cHandle)
{
if(i2cHandle->Instance==I2C1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* Peripheral clock disable */
__HAL_RCC_I2C1_CLK_DISABLE();
/**I2C1 GPIO Configuration
PB6 ------> I2C1_SCL
PB7 ------> I2C1_SDA
*/
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_6);
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7);
/* I2C1 interrupt Deinit */
HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(I2C1_EV_IRQn);
HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(I2C1_ER_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN I2C1_MspDeInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END I2C1_MspDeInit 1 */
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
您将十六进制表示法与十进制混合在一起，这没有帮助。
36I2C设备的地址（从10位地址中抽象出来）是7位。但是，当您将地址发送到 I2C 总线时，您将该地址放置在地址的 7 个最高有效位中，并且 LSB 包含有关方向的信息。称为R/W位
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
| Bit 7 | Bit 6 | Bit 5 | Bit 4 | Bit 3 | Bit 2 | Bit 1 | Bit 0 |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
| A6 | A5 | A4 | A3 | A2 | A1 | A0 | R/W |
+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
R/W 位值：
因此，当您将地址 0x12 放入最高有效地址位时，您想要写入的地址是
0x12 << 10x24