我正在使用我的凭据登录服务器，并搜索具有特定主题的电子邮件。 这封电子邮件有一个附件，我想稍后知道它的文件名和可能的扩展名。
我在 Python 中执行此操作，但每次询问文件名时，它都会返回 NONE，而实际上附件中有文件名。
from imaplib import *
import base64
import email
import os
import sys
import errno
import mimetypes
server = IMAP4("SERVER LOCATION");
server.login("USER", "PASS");
server.select("Inbox");
typ, data = server.search(None, '(SUBJECT "Hello World")');
for num in data[0].split():
typ, data = server.fetch(num, '(RFC822)');
print (data);
msg = email.message_from_string(str(data[0][1]));
counter = 1
for part in msg.walk():
print (part.as_string() + "\n")
# multipart/* are just containers
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
continue
# Applications should really sanitize the given filename so that an
# email message can't be used to overwrite important files
filename = part.get_filename()
print (filename);
fn = msg.get_filename()
print("The Filename was:", (fn));
if not filename:
ext = mimetypes.guess_extension(part.get_content_type())
if not ext:
# Use a generic bag-of-bits extension
ext = '.bin'
filename = 'part-%03d%s' % (counter, ext)
counter += 1
server.close()
server.logout();
我不知道为什么我一直得不到答案，有什么帮助吗？
我遇到了同样的问题，这就是我解决它的方法：
if msg.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart': #multipart messages only
# loop on the parts of the mail
for part in msg.walk():
#find the attachment part - so skip all the other parts
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart': continue
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'text': continue
if part.get('Content-Disposition') == 'inline': continue
if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None: continue
#save the attachment in the program directory
print "part:", part.as_string()
filename = part.get_filename()
print "filename :", filename
filepath = DIR_SBD+filename
fp = open(filepath, 'wb')
fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
fp.close()
print '%s saved!' % filepath
for part in msg.walk():
print (part.get_content_type())
然后在主 for 循环中 -
for part in msg.walk():
只需继续选择邮件正文中存在但您不需要的内容类型。
您也可以直接检查所需的 content_type，然后读取文件名。
ex -我遇到了同样的问题，我的内容类型是 multipart 和 text/html 和 application/json
我没有检查text/html，而是想阅读“application/json”中的附件。我直接读取文件名，因此出现错误 - 文件名没有出现。
当我付支票时- `
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'text/html':
continue
if part.get('Content-Type')== 'application/json':
filename = part.get_filename().split('.')
#do the stuff needed
` 不会出现错误。
希望对你有帮助
如果你将所有内容都转储到“部分”中，你真的能看到那里的文件吗？
我也面临类似的问题。只需删除 如果part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart': 继续 条件良好，它会正常工作。
用上面的答案解决了这个问题...加上我刚刚在循环中打印了结果：
for part in msg.walk():
print('content type: %s' % part.get_content_type())
print('filename: %s' % part.get_filename())
然后识别文件名是哪个内容部分：
content type: multipart/mixed
filename: None
content type: multipart/alternative
filename: None
content type: text/plain
filename: None
content type: text/html
filename: None
content type: application/octet-stream
filename: XXXXX__202307141059.csv
现在代码：
for part in msg.walk():
if part.get_content_type() == 'application/octet-stream':
file_name = part.get_filename()
email_part_types = [
"text/plain", "text/html", "multipart/mixed", "multipart/alternative",
"multipart/related", "multipart/digest", "multipart/report",
"application/octet-stream", "application/pdf", "application/msword",
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
"application/vnd.ms-excel",
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
"application/zip", "image/jpeg", "image/png", "image/gif",
"audio/mpeg", "video/mp4", "message/rfc822"
]
for part_type in email_part_types:
content_type = part_type
maintype, subtype = part_type.split('/')
content_disposition = "attachment" if maintype != "multipart" else None
filename = "example.file" if maintype != "multipart" else None
print(f"Content-Type: {content_type}")
print(f"Maintype: {maintype}")
print(f"Subtype: {subtype}")
print(f"Content-Disposition: {content_disposition}")
print(f"Filename: {filename}")
print("-" * 40)
for part in msg.walk():
content_type = part.get_content_type()
maintype = part.get_content_maintype()
subtype = part.get_content_subtype()
content_disposition = part.get('Content-Disposition')
filename = part.get_filename()
print(f"Content-Type: {content_type}")
print(f"Maintype: {maintype}")
print(f"Subtype: {subtype}")
print(f"Content-Disposition: {content_disposition}")
print(f"Filename: {filename}")
# Example filtering based on type
if maintype == 'multipart':
if subtype == 'mixed':
print("This is a multipart/mixed message.")
elif subtype == 'alternative':
print("This is a multipart/alternative message.")
elif subtype == 'related':
print("This is a multipart/related message.")
elif subtype == 'digest':
print("This is a multipart/digest message.")
elif subtype == 'report':
print("This is a multipart/report message.")
continue
if maintype == 'text':
if subtype == 'plain':
print("This is a text/plain part.")
elif subtype == 'html':
print("This is a text/html part.")
continue
if maintype == 'application':
if subtype == 'octet-stream':
print("This is an application/octet-stream part.")
elif subtype == 'pdf':
print("This is an application/pdf part.")
elif subtype == 'msword':
print("This is an application/msword part.")
elif subtype == 'vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document':
print("This is an application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document part (for .docx).")
elif subtype == 'vnd.ms-excel':
print("This is an application/vnd.ms-excel part.")
elif subtype == 'vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet':
print("This is an application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet part (for .xlsx).")
elif subtype == 'zip':
print("This is an application/zip part.")
continue
if maintype == 'image':
if subtype == 'jpeg':
print("This is an image/jpeg part.")
elif subtype == 'png':
print("This is an image/png part.")
elif subtype == 'gif':
print("This is an image/gif part.")
continue
if maintype == 'audio':
if subtype == 'mpeg':
print("This is an audio/mpeg part.")
continue
if maintype == 'video':
if subtype == 'mp4':
print("This is a video/mp4 part.")
continue
if maintype == 'message':
if subtype == 'rfc822':
print("This is a message/rfc822 part (for attached emails).")
continue
# Handling parts with no specific content type or unrecognized types
if maintype not in ['multipart', 'text', 'application', 'image', 'audio', 'video', 'message']:
print("This is an unrecognized or custom part.")