我正在尝试构建一个暂停按钮，希望能更接近我的最终目标，即为我构建的宇宙飞船决斗游戏构建菜单。但是，我在尝试调用负责绘制矩形并将按钮的文本传输到矩形上的 draw_pause_button 方法时遇到了困难。
程序能够运行，但是当我按回车键（这应该会导致按钮弹出）时，出现以下错误：
回溯（最近一次调用最后一次）： 文件“/Users/yazdanhariri/PycharmProjects/Pygame/main.py”，第 223 行，位于 主功能（） 文件“/Users/yazdanhariri/PycharmProjects/Pygame/main.py”，第 186 行，在 main_function 中 暂停按钮.draw_pause_button() 文件“/Users/yazdanhariri/PycharmProjects/Pygame/main.py”，第68行，在draw_pause_button中 按钮矩形 = pygame. 矩形 (self.x_pos, self.y_pos), (150, 25) 类型错误：参数必须是矩形样式对象
这是 Button 类（其中包括 draw_pause_button 方法）：
class Button:
def __init__(self, text, button, x_pos, y_pos, enabled=True):
self.text = text
self.button = button
self.enabled = enabled
self.x_pos = x_pos
self.y_pos = y_pos
def draw_pause_button(self):
button_text = PAUSE_BUTTON_FONT.render(self.text, True, FONT_COLOR)
button_rect = pygame.Rect(self.x_pos, self.y_pos), (150, 25)
pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, (0, 0, 0), button_rect, 0, 5)
WINDOW.blit(button_text, self.x_pos + 3, self.y_pos + 3)
这是主函数的一部分，我尝试通过检测是否按下了某个键来调用draw_pause_button方法，然后调用该方法：
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_q and len(yellow_bullets) < MAX_BULLETS:
bullet = pygame.Rect(
yellow.x + SPACESHIP_WIDTH, yellow.y + SPACESHIP_HEIGHT / 2 - BULLET_HEIGHT / 2, BULLET_WIDTH,
BULLET_HEIGHT)
yellow_bullets.append(bullet)
if event.key == pygame.K_RSHIFT and len(red_bullets) < MAX_BULLETS:
bullet = pygame.Rect(
red.x, red.y + SPACESHIP_HEIGHT / 2 - 2, BULLET_WIDTH, BULLET_HEIGHT)
red_bullets.append(bullet)
**if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
pause_button.draw_pause_button()
这是我的整个代码：
import pygame
import os
pygame.font.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
WINDOW_SIZE = (900, 600)
WINDOW = pygame.display.set_mode(WINDOW_SIZE)
pygame.display.set_caption("Spaceship Duels")
WINDOW_COLOR = (0, 0, 255)
BORDER = pygame.Rect(900 / 2 - 10 / 2, 0, 10, 900)
pause = False
PAUSE_BUTTON_FONT = pygame.font.SysFont('arialblack', 50)
HEALTH_FONT = pygame.font.SysFont('arialblack', 30)
WINNER_FONT = pygame.font.SysFont('javanesetext', 80)
FONT_COLOR = (248, 248, 255)
BORDER_COLOR = (0, 0, 0)
RED_BULLET_COLOR = (248, 248, 255)
YELLOW_BULLET_COLOR = (248, 248, 255)
FPS = 60
SPACESHIP_VELOCITY = 5
BULLET_VELOCITY = 8
MAX_BULLETS = 3
BULLET_WIDTH, BULLET_HEIGHT = 10, 5
SPACESHIP_WIDTH, SPACESHIP_HEIGHT = 55, 40
YELLOW_SHOT = pygame.USEREVENT + 1
RED_SHOT = pygame.USEREVENT + 2
PAUSED = pygame.USEREVENT + 3
YELLOW_SPACESHIP_IMAGE = pygame.image.load(os.path.join(
'Assets', 'spaceship_yellow.png'))
YELLOW_SPACESHIP = pygame.transform.rotate(
pygame.transform.scale(YELLOW_SPACESHIP_IMAGE, (SPACESHIP_WIDTH, SPACESHIP_HEIGHT)), 90)
RED_SPACESHIP_IMAGE = pygame.image.load(os.path.join(
'Assets', 'spaceship_red.png'))
RED_SPACESHIP = pygame.transform.rotate(pygame.transform.scale(
RED_SPACESHIP_IMAGE, (SPACESHIP_WIDTH, SPACESHIP_HEIGHT)), 270)
SPACE = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(
os.path.join('Assets', 'Space.jpeg')), (WINDOW_SIZE[0], WINDOW_SIZE[1]))
class Button:
def __init__(self, text, button, x_pos, y_pos, enabled=True):
self.text = text
self.button = button
self.enabled = enabled
self.x_pos = x_pos
self.y_pos = y_pos
def draw_pause_button(self):
button_text = PAUSE_BUTTON_FONT.render(self.text, True, FONT_COLOR)
button_rect = pygame.Rect(self.x_pos, self.y_pos), (150, 25)
pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, (0, 0, 0), button_rect, 0, 5)
WINDOW.blit(button_text, self.x_pos + 3, self.y_pos + 3)
def draw_window(red, yellow, yellow_bullets, red_bullets, red_health, yellow_health):
WINDOW.blit(SPACE, (0, 0))
pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, BORDER_COLOR, BORDER)
red_health_text = HEALTH_FONT.render(
"Health: " + str(red_health), 1, FONT_COLOR)
yellow_health_text = HEALTH_FONT.render(
"Health: " + str(yellow_health), 1, FONT_COLOR)
WINDOW.blit(red_health_text, (WINDOW_SIZE[0] - red_health_text.get_width() - 10, 10))
WINDOW.blit(yellow_health_text, (10, 10))
WINDOW.blit(YELLOW_SPACESHIP, (yellow.x, yellow.y))
WINDOW.blit(RED_SPACESHIP, (red.x, red.y))
for bullet in red_bullets:
pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, RED_BULLET_COLOR, bullet)
for bullet in yellow_bullets:
pygame.draw.rect(WINDOW, YELLOW_BULLET_COLOR, bullet)
pygame.display.update()
def yellow_spaceship_movement(keys_pressed, yellow):
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_a] and yellow.x - SPACESHIP_VELOCITY > 0: # left
yellow.x = yellow.x + (-SPACESHIP_VELOCITY)
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_d] and yellow.x + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY + SPACESHIP_WIDTH / 1.5 < BORDER.x: # right
yellow.x = yellow.x + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_w] and yellow.y - SPACESHIP_VELOCITY > 0: # up
yellow.y = yellow.y + (-SPACESHIP_VELOCITY)
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_s] and yellow.y + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY + SPACESHIP_HEIGHT < WINDOW_SIZE[1] - 15: # down
yellow.y = yellow.y + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY
def red_spaceship_movement(keys_pressed, red):
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_LEFT] and red.x - SPACESHIP_VELOCITY > BORDER.x + BORDER.width:
red.x = red.x + (-SPACESHIP_VELOCITY)
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_RIGHT] and red.x + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY + SPACESHIP_WIDTH / 1.5 < WINDOW_SIZE[0]:
red.x = red.x + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_UP] and red.y - SPACESHIP_VELOCITY > 0:
red.y = red.y + (-SPACESHIP_VELOCITY)
if keys_pressed[pygame.K_DOWN] and red.y + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY + SPACESHIP_HEIGHT < WINDOW_SIZE[1] - 15:
red.y = red.y + SPACESHIP_VELOCITY
def handle_bullets(yellow_bullets, red_bullets, yellow, red):
for bullet in yellow_bullets:
bullet.x = bullet.x + BULLET_VELOCITY
if red.colliderect(bullet):
pygame.event.post(pygame.event.Event(RED_SHOT))
yellow_bullets.remove(bullet)
elif bullet.x > WINDOW_SIZE[0]:
yellow_bullets.remove(bullet)
for bullet in red_bullets:
bullet.x = bullet.x + (-BULLET_VELOCITY)
if yellow.colliderect(bullet):
pygame.event.post(pygame.event.Event(YELLOW_SHOT))
red_bullets.remove(bullet)
elif bullet.x < 0:
red_bullets.remove(bullet)
def make_pause_true():
global pause
pause = True
def draw_winner(text):
draw_text = WINNER_FONT.render(text, 1, FONT_COLOR)
WINDOW.blit(draw_text, (WINDOW_SIZE[0] / 2 - draw_text.get_width() /
2, WINDOW_SIZE[1] / 2 - draw_text.get_height() / 2))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.time.delay(50000)
def main_function():
red = pygame.Rect(700, 300, SPACESHIP_WIDTH, SPACESHIP_HEIGHT)
yellow = pygame.Rect(100, 300, SPACESHIP_WIDTH, SPACESHIP_HEIGHT)
pause_button = Button("click me", 10, 10, True)
red_bullets = []
yellow_bullets = []
red_health = 10
yellow_health = 10
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(FPS)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_q and len(yellow_bullets) < MAX_BULLETS:
bullet = pygame.Rect(
yellow.x + SPACESHIP_WIDTH, yellow.y + SPACESHIP_HEIGHT / 2 - BULLET_HEIGHT / 2, BULLET_WIDTH,
BULLET_HEIGHT)
yellow_bullets.append(bullet)
if event.key == pygame.K_RSHIFT and len(red_bullets) < MAX_BULLETS:
bullet = pygame.Rect(
red.x, red.y + SPACESHIP_HEIGHT / 2 - 2, BULLET_WIDTH, BULLET_HEIGHT)
red_bullets.append(bullet)
if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
pause_button.draw_pause_button()
if event.type == RED_SHOT:
red_health = red_health - 1
if event.type == YELLOW_SHOT:
yellow_health = yellow_health - 1
winner_text = ""
if red_health <= 0:
winner_text = "Yellow Wins!"
if yellow_health <= 0:
winner_text = "Red Wins!"
if winner_text != "":
draw_winner(winner_text)
break
keys_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
yellow_spaceship_movement(keys_pressed, yellow)
red_spaceship_movement(keys_pressed, red)
handle_bullets(yellow_bullets, red_bullets, yellow, red)
draw_window(red, yellow, red_bullets, yellow_bullets,
red_health, yellow_health)
pygame.display.update()
pygame.event.pump()
pygame.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main_function()
我尝试完全删除该类并单独使用draw_pause_button函数来创建按钮，但是我也遇到了这样做的问题。我首先选择类的原因是因为我计划制作多个按钮，所以我认为类会让我的代码更加高效。请注意，我是编码和在堆栈交换上发布的初学者。我花了很多时间浏览类似的问题，但找不到对我有用的答案；因此，我决定继续发表这篇文章。如果问题非常重复，我提前表示歉意，但考虑到如果我没有用尽所有其他可能的帮助来源，我不会发布这个问题。如果存在任何格式问题，如果我被告知这些问题（或者通过评论或只是编辑帖子并修复它）。请随时向我询问比本文中提供的更多信息，我将尽力提供我能提供的信息。预先感谢您的宝贵时间。