这是代码的不同版本,可以让我更清楚地了解我想要做什么:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
RepairCar(Car.Ferrari);
}
public static void RepairCar(Car BrokenCar)
{
switch (BrokenCar)
{
case Car.Ferrari:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
case Car.BMW:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
case Car.Audi:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
}
}
public static double CalculateInsurance(Car BrokenCar)
{
return (BrokenCar.Price / 10);
}
}
public class Car
{
public double Price;
public int MaxSpeed;
public int MinSpeed;
public Car(double Price, int MaxSpeed, int MinSpeed)
{
this.Price = Price;
this.MaxSpeed = MaxSpeed;
this.MinSpeed = MinSpeed;
}
public static Car Ferrari = new Car(100000, 250, 10);
public static Car Audi = new Car(50000, 120, 30);
public static Car BMW = new Car(35000, 80, 75);
}
正如所写,这不会编译,因为它不允许我在 RepairCar 方法中切换 BrokenCar。有什么建议吗?
我正在尝试创建一个可以存储静态属性的对象,更重要的是能够切换 - 这是一个例子 -
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(GetMaxSpeed(Car.Ferrari));
Console.ReadLine();
}
public static int GetMaxSpeed(Car ModelType)
{
switch (ModelType)
{
case Car.Ferrari:
return Car.Ferrari.MaxSpeed;
case Car.VW:
return Car.VW.MaxSpeed;
case Car.AstonMartin:
return Car.AstonMartin.MaxSpeed;
}
}
public class Car
{
public int MinSpeed;
public int MaxSpeed;
public Car(int MinSpeed, int MaxSpeed)
{
this.MinSpeed = MinSpeed;
this.MaxSpeed = MaxSpeed;
}
public static Car Ferrari = new Car(30, 240);
public static Car VW = new Car(10, 50);
public static Car AstonMartin = new Car(75, 180);
}
}
有人有什么想法吗?
这个例子描述了一个更大、更复杂的系统。为了说明为什么我需要这样做,请参阅以下更新:
public static void OnCarSale(Car CarSold)
{
double LuxuryTax = 75;
switch (CarSold)
{
case Car.Ferrari:
Console.WriteLine("Total Price: {0}", Car.Ferrari.Price + LuxuryTax);
break;
case Car.VW:
Console.WriteLine("Total Price: {0}", Car.VW);
break;
case Car.AstonMartin:
Console.WriteLine("Total Price: {0}", Car.Ferrari.Price + LuxuryTax);
break;
}
}
这将由此类之外的事件调用。
要直接回答您的问题,请将 ModelType 设为枚举并关闭该值。在下面的示例中,让 Car 类型具有名为“Model”的 ModelType 属性。
public enum ModelType
{
Ferrari = 0,
AstonMartin = 1
}
public int GetMaxSpeed( Car car )
{
switch( car.Model )
{
case Ferrari:
return 300;
case AstonMartin:
return 250;
default:
return 100;
}
}
但更好的问题是,为什么不使用多态性?您可以将 Car 设为基本类型,并让不同的模型继承它。基本 Car 类型应具有 MaxSpeed 属性。无论您从 Car 继承哪个子类,您都可以引用 MaxSpeed 来获取该特定模型的属性值。这可能会使您的示例过于复杂(家庭作业?),但它会使您的代码更加面向对象。
public class Car
{
private int _maxSpeed = 200;
public int MaxSpeed
{
get { return _maxSpeed; }
protected set { _maxSpeed = value; }
}
}
public class Ferrari : Car
{
public Ferrari()
{
// Constructor
this.MaxSpeed = 250;
}
}
// client code
public void DoStuff()
{
Car ferrari = new Ferrari();
Console.WriteLine( ferrari.MaxSpeed );
}
如果您想要一个带有汽车列表的 Garage 类,它看起来像下面这样。请记住,这是非常粗糙的代码,但它向您展示了我在评论中谈论的内容。
public class Garage
{
private List<Car> Cars { get; set; }
public Garage()
{
this.LoadCars();
}
private void LoadCars()
{
this.Cars = new List<Car>();
this.Cars.Add( new Ferrari() );
this.Cars.Add( new AstonMartin() );
}
public int GetMaxSpeedOfAllCars()
{
int maxSpeed = 0;
foreach( Car car in this.Cars )
{
if( car.MaxSpeed > maxSpeed )
{
maxSpeed = car.MaxSpeed;
}
}
return maxSpeed;
}
}
这取决于您想用它做什么。如果“开关”是为了给汽车带来额外的行为,请将其放在类本身中。例如,在您的情况下,您已经获得了适当的字段(ick,公共字段,但是......)您可以使用:
public static int GetMaxSpeed(Car car)
{
return car.MaxSpeed;
}
在其他情况下,您可能会给类型一个方法,并且可以使用嵌套类根据不同的值以不同的方式实现方法。为“基”类提供私有构造函数和抽象方法,然后将派生类创建为嵌套类,以便它们仍然可以使用私有构造函数并公开特定值。我将这些类型称为“智能枚举”。
如果要将每个值映射到另一个值,请使用
Dictionary<Car,string>
(或其他)。如果要将每个值映射到一个操作,请使用 Dictionary<Car, Action>
。
基本上你不会能够使用switch,除非你有一个枚举或某种整数类型......这通常会很痛苦。使用字典通常是一种更简单的方法。
如果你能给出一个更现实但不太容易解决的例子,我们可以帮助更多......
从 C# 7.0 开始,您可以使用模式匹配:
public static void RepairCar(Car BrokenCar)
{
switch (BrokenCar)
{
case var car when car == Car.Ferrari:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
case var car when car == Car.BMW:
System.Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
case var car when car == Car.Audi:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("${0} of Insurance Needed", CalculateInsurance(BrokenCar));
//
// Repair Algorithm Here
//
break;
}
}
您将无法执行此操作,因为 C# 仅支持 switch case 的编译时常量。相反,您应该使用 if/else 块。
仅根据一般原则,我会创建这些实例的字典(或仅维护一个列表),而不是打开它们。 Switch 语句有时是必要的,但它们很少是“SOLID”代码;每当创建新类型的汽车时,您都必须更改 switch 语句来处理这种新情况。
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(GetMaxSpeed(Car.Ferarri));
Console.ReadLine();
}
public static int GetMaxSpeed(string ModelType)
{
foreach(var car in Car.Cars)
if(car.Name == ModelType)
return car.MaxSpeed;
}
public enum Car
{
public int MinSpeed;
public int MaxSpeed;
public string Name;
public Car(string Name, int MinSpeed, int MaxSpeed)
{
this.Name = Name;
this.MinSpeed = MinSpeed;
this.MaxSpeed = MaxSpeed;
}
public static List<Car> Cars = new List<Car>
{
new Car(Car.Ferrari, 30, 240);
new Car(Car.VW, 10, 50);
new Car(Car.AstonMartin, 75, 180);
}
public static const string Ferrari = "Ferrari";
public static const string VW = "VW";
public static const string AstonMartin= "AstonMartin";
}
如果您只需要打开对象引用,请尝试打开唯一标识该汽车的私有积分类型字段; ID 字段。然后,您可以在 switch 语句中比较 ID,而不是引用。
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(GetMaxSpeed(Car.Ferrari));
Console.ReadLine();
}
public static int GetMaxSpeed(Car ModelType)
{
switch (ModelType.Id)
{
case Car.Ferrari.Id:
return Car.Ferrari.MaxSpeed;
case Car.VW.Id:
return Car.VW.MaxSpeed;
case Car.AstonMartin.Id:
return Car.AstonMartin.MaxSpeed;
}
}
public class Car
{
public int MinSpeed;
public int MaxSpeed;
internal int Id;
public Car(int MinSpeed, int MaxSpeed)
{
this.MinSpeed = MinSpeed;
this.MaxSpeed = MaxSpeed;
}
public static Car Ferrari = new Car(30, 240){Id = 1};
public static Car VW = new Car(10, 50){Id = 2};
public static Car AstonMartin = new Car(75, 180){Id = 3};
}