故障转移集群功能安装突然需要重新启动，Get-Cluster 才能工作

Question

我之前有一个可用的 terraform 设置，它在 Azure 中创建一个 Windows VM，并通过自定义脚本扩展运行引导脚本来安装和配置 SQL Server。这已经工作了几个月，但突然（我假设在特定的 Windows 映像更新之后）它决定现在安装故障转移群集功能需要重新启动，这会破坏脚本，因为在此功能之后需要运行一些步骤已安装，即运行 PowerShell Get-Cluster 命令会返回以下错误：

ERROR: Unhandled exception caught: The term 'Get-Cluster' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.

如果我手动重新启动虚拟机，然后再次运行命令，现在就可以识别了。

所以，我想知道的是，除了创建安装了故障转移集群的中间映像，然后将其用作基础映像之外，还有什么方法可以处理这个问题吗？我知道我无法添加第二个自定义脚本扩展（为什么是 Microsoft，只是，为什么？）并且我正在努力想出一种更简单的方法来做到这一点。

预计

Install-WindowsFeature Failover-Clustering -IncludeAllSubFeature -IncludeManagementTools

不需要像以前那样重新启动。

Answer 1

预计

Install-WindowsFeature Failover-Clustering -IncludeAllSubFeature -IncludeManagementTools

不需要重新启动。

Failover-Clustering

功能在计算机上安装后需要强制重新启动。不幸的是，这种重启要求是无法避免的。

一种可能的解决方法是在完成安装后重新启动虚拟机，并使用 Terraform 运行剩余的脚本，而无需手动重新启动。该脚本包括安装故障转移群集功能后的重新启动步骤。您可以使用 Terraform 中的

azurerm_virtual_machine_extension

资源添加自定义脚本扩展，该扩展可在安装该功能后重新启动虚拟机。

Terraform 代码

    provider "azurerm" {
      features {}
    }
    
    resource "azurerm_resource_group" "example" {
      name     = "VM-resources1"
      location = "West Europe"
    }
    
    resource "azurerm_virtual_network" "example" {
      name                = "vm-network1"
      address_space       = ["10.0.0.0/16"]
      location            = azurerm_resource_group.example.location
      resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
    
    
    }
    
    resource "azurerm_subnet" "example" {
      name                 = "internal1"
      resource_group_name  = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
      virtual_network_name = azurerm_virtual_network.example.name
      address_prefixes     = ["10.0.2.0/24"]
    }
    
    resource "azurerm_network_interface" "example" {
      name                = "vm-nic1"
      location            = azurerm_resource_group.example.location
      resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
    
      ip_configuration {
        name                          = "internal1"
        subnet_id                     = azurerm_subnet.example.id
        private_ip_address_allocation = "Dynamic"
        public_ip_address_id          = azurerm_public_ip.example.id
      }
    }
    
    resource "azurerm_public_ip" "example" {
      name                = "vm-public-ip1"
      location            = azurerm_resource_group.example.location
      resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
      allocation_method   = "Dynamic"
    }
    
    # Create Network Security Group and rules
    resource "azurerm_network_security_group" "my_terraform_nsg" {
      name                = "vm-nsg1"
      location            = azurerm_resource_group.example.location
      resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
    
      security_rule {
        name                       = "Allow_All"
        priority                   = 101
        direction                  = "Inbound"
        access                     = "Allow"
        protocol                   = "*"
        source_port_range          = "*"
        destination_port_range     = "*"
        source_address_prefix      = "*"
        destination_address_prefix = "*"
      }
    }
    
    resource "azurerm_network_interface_security_group_association" "example" {
      network_interface_id      = azurerm_network_interface.example.id
      network_security_group_id = azurerm_network_security_group.my_terraform_nsg.id
    }
    resource "azurerm_windows_virtual_machine" "example" {
      name                = "cluster-vm"
      resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
      location            = azurerm_resource_group.example.location
      size                = "Standard_F2"
      admin_username      = "adminuser"
      admin_password      = "P@$$w0rd1234!"
      network_interface_ids = [
        azurerm_network_interface.example.id
      ]
    
      os_disk {
        caching              = "ReadWrite"
        storage_account_type = "Standard_LRS"
      }
    
      source_image_reference {
        publisher = "MicrosoftWindowsServer"
        offer     = "WindowsServer"
        sku       = "2016-Datacenter"
        version   = "latest"
      }
    }
    
    
    resource "azurerm_virtual_machine_extension" "test" {
      name                 = "CustomScripts"
      virtual_machine_id   = azurerm_windows_virtual_machine.example.id
      publisher            = "Microsoft.Compute"
      type                 = "CustomScriptExtension"
      type_handler_version = "1.9"
      settings = <<SETTINGS
        {
       "commandToExecute": "powershell Add-WindowsFeature Failover-Clustering -IncludeAllSubFeature -IncludeManagementTools"
        }
    SETTINGS
    }
    
    
    
    resource "null_resource" "powershell" {
      triggers = {
        # Add triggers if necessary
      }
      
      provisioner "local-exec" {
        command = <<-EOT
          pwsh -Command "Invoke-AzVMRunCommand -ResourceGroupName 'VM-resources1' -VMName 'cluster-vm' -CommandId 'RunPowerShellScript' -ScriptPath '/home/venkat/VM/additional_script.ps1'"
        EOT
      }
    }

additional_script.ps1

    shutdown /r
    
    Write-Host 'Waiting for VM to restart...'
    
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 150
    
    Write-Host 'VM has restarted. Resuming script execution...'
    
    Get-Cluster

Terraform 应用

代码执行故障转移集群功能安装并从脚本运行其他命令。