导入表时外键约束格式不正确

Question

我对数据库结构，laravel orm和约束有一些疑问。

所以首先我有一些表（此代码来自我的数据库转储）：

CREATE TABLE `person` (
  `person_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `first_name` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `middle_name` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `last_name` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

CREATE TABLE `worker` (
  `worker_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `hire_date` date NOT NULL,
  `person_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `notes` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

CREATE TABLE `worker_contract` (
  `worker_contract_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `notes` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci,
  `worker_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `salary` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL,
  `worker_id_boss` int(10) UNSIGNED DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

CREATE TABLE `worker_specialty` (
  `worker_specialty_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `worker_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `notes` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

CREATE TABLE `describe` (
  `describe_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `person_id` int(10) UNSIGNED DEFAULT NULL,
  `describe` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

ALTER TABLE `person`
  MODIFY `person_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=47;

ALTER TABLE `worker`
 MODIFY `worker_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=45;

ALTER TABLE `worker_contact`
 MODIFY `worker_contact_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=2;

ALTER TABLE `describe`
 MODIFY `describe_id` int(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=8;

ALTER TABLE `person`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`person_id`);

ALTER TABLE `worker`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`worker_id`),
  ADD KEY `person_id_FK` (`person_id`) USING BTREE;

ALTER TABLE `worker_contract`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`worker_contract_id`),
  ADD KEY `worker_id_FK` (`worker_id`) USING BTREE,
  ADD KEY `person_id_boss_foreign` (`person_id_boss`);

ALTER TABLE `describe`
  ADD PRIMARY KEY (`describe_id`);

ALTER TABLE `worker_contract`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `worker_id_boss_foreign` FOREIGN KEY (`worker_id_boss`) REFERENCES `person` (`person_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE;

ALTER TABLE `describe`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `person_id_tag_foreign` FOREIGN KEY (`person_id`) REFERENCES `person` (`person_id`) ON DELETE SET NULL;

这是我的问题，当我从数据库中删除人员表，并且想要在不检查前瞻性键的情况下将其导入时，我有#1005 cannot create 'db'.'person' (Errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")。

我使用Laravels ORM创建迁移。所有id字段均为相同类型，并且名称字段中没有错误。当我从数据库中删除约束时，它可以工作并且phpMyAdmin没有显示模型之间的关系。当我导入数据库转储时，没有错误。

当我用php代码描述模型时，ORM在哪里使用模型类中的关系？仅在应用程序位置？

当我删除约束时，数据库效率会变小吗？是否需要？

我应该解决的问题或这里出了什么问题？

Answer 1

首先，禁用FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS

DB::statement('SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;'); // disable

//do your import logic

DB::statement('SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;'); //enable