我需要替换许多文本文件（注释文件）中每行的第一个字（标签）。我已经写了下面的脚本，但它没有在文本文件中做出任何改变。
import os
dirname = "/home/masoud/masoud/Dataset/PID-CORRECTED/uncorrected-YOLO_darknet"
for txt_in in os.listdir(dirname):
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'r') as f:
infile = f.read()# Read contents of file
for line in infile.split('\n') :
word=line.split(" ")[0]
if word=="6":
word=word.replace('6', '5')
elif word=="9":
word=word.replace('9', '6')
elif word=="10":
word=word.replace('10', '7')
elif word=="11":
word=word.replace('11', '8')
else:
continue
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'w') as f:
f.write(infile)
break
我是否必须使用 文件输入 模块来实现这个目的？
你可以在下面找到一个示例.txt（注释）内容：''''
0 0.15234375 0.6953125 0.2265625 0.053125
0 0.75078125 0.27890625 0.2046875 0.1546875
0 0.28359375 0.09296875 0.1734375 0.0734375
10 0.31015625 0.634375 0.0890625 0.2625
9 0.37109375 0.35703125 0.0671875 0.2015625
3 0.13671875 0.32265625 0.1609375 0.1390625
1 0.90390625 0.55 0.1390625 0.059375
1 0.946875 0.67890625 0.075 0.0515625
1 0.84921875 0.76171875 0.1609375 0.0515625
3 0.82578125 0.1296875 0.0796875 0.0875
'''先谢谢你!
正如其他人所提到的，你的改变不会传播到输出中。
这让我更清楚地知道你应该怎么做。
import os
dirname = "/home/masoud/masoud/Dataset/PID-CORRECTED/uncorrected-YOLO_darknet"
for txt_in in os.listdir(dirname):
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'r') as f:
# Don't read entire file since we
# are looping line by line
#infile = f.read()# Read contents of file
result = []
for line in f: # changed to file handle
line = line.rstrip() # remove trailing '\n'
# Only split once since you're only check the first word
words = line.split(" ", maxsplit = 1)
word = words[0] # word 0 may change
if word == "6":
word = word.replace('6', '5')
elif word=="9":
word = word.replace('9', '6')
elif word == "10":
word = word.replace('10', '7')
elif word == "11":
word = word.replace('11', '8')
else:
pass
# Update the word you modified
words[0] = word # update word 0
# save new line into results
# after converting back to string
result.append(" ".join(words))
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'w') as f:
# Convert result list to string and write to file
outfile = '\n'.join(result)
f.write(outfile)
你创建了行和字这样的变量，并对它们进行了修改，但这些修改并没有反映在 infile. 您需要对以下内容进行修改 infile 本身，或者将更改后的内容存储在一个新的变量中，并将新变量写入新文件。
你可以把代码更新为。
outfile = ""
infile = f.read()# Read contents of file
for line in infile.split('\n') :
word=line.split(" ")[0]
if word=="6":
word=word.replace('6', '5')
elif word=="9":
word=word.replace('9', '6')
elif word=="10":
word=word.replace('10', '7')
elif word=="11":
word=word.replace('11', '8')
else:
pass
newLine = ""
newLine += word
for w in line.split(" ")[1:]:
newLine += w
newLine += "\n"
outfile += newLine
现在把outfile写到outputfile里
我认为问题出在路径上，"dirname "的结尾需要一个''。无论是哪种方式，你可能想要检查的第一件事是文件是否有效。
for txt_in in os.listdir(dirname):
print(os.path.isfile(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in)))
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'r') as f:
与其尝试编辑你正在阅读的文件，我建议采用不同的方法。
import os
dirname = "/home/masoud/masoud/Dataset/PID-CORRECTED/uncorrected-YOLO_darknet"
for txt_in in os.listdir('uncorrected-YOLO_darknet'):
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'r') as f:
out_filename = txt_in+"1"
out_file = open(out_filename, "w")
for line in f.readlines():
word = line[0]
if word == "6":
line = line.replace('6', '5')
elif word =="9":
line = line.replace('9', '6')
elif word == "10":
line = line.replace('10', '7')
elif word == "11":
line = line.replace('11', '8')
else:
continue
out_file.write(line)
out_file.close()
os.remove(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in))
os.rename(os.path.join(dirname, out_filename), os.path.join(dirname, txt_in))
你可以直接做一个列表，并将更改后的单词追加到列表中，然后你可以通过file_object.writelines(list)将其写出来。
import os
dirname = "/home/masoud/masoud/Dataset/PID-CORRECTED/uncorrected-YOLO_darknet"
for txt_in in os.listdir(dirname):
with open(os.path.join(dirname, txt_in), 'r+') as f:
infile = f.readlines()# Read contents of file
d=[]
for line in infile:
word = line.split(" ")
if word[0]=="6":
word[0]="5"
elif word[0]=="9":
word[0]= '6'
elif word[0]=="10":
word[0]= '7'
elif word[0]=="11":
word[0]= '8'
d.append(" ".join(word))
if len(d)!=0:
f.seek(0)
f.writelines(d)