我想在打包程序脚本中添加软件包（例如：apache2），以创建包含已安装的apache2服务器的Vagrant（virtualbox-iso）。
为此，我使用可以正常运行的示例项目（但没有我的软件包apache2）： Vagrant Ubuntu的Packer项目
我只是在base.sh脚本中添加了2条命令
DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y install apache2 构建打包程序正确运行，而Vagrant也正确运行，但是当使用ssh输入vagrant时，我始终找不到apache2安装
但是，构建日志告诉我apache2软件包已正确安装。 为此，团队包装工不想帮助我，因为她认为这是一个流浪汉的问题，而不是包装工
日志
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: The following extra packages will be installed:
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: apache2-bin apache2-data libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: libaprutil1-ldap ssl-cert
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Suggested packages:
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: www-browser apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine apache2-suexec-custom
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: apache2-utils openssl-blacklist
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: The following NEW packages will be installed:
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: libaprutil1-ldap ssl-cert
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: 0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 69 not upgraded.
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Need to get 1,285 kB of archives.
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: After this operation, 5,348 kB of additional disk space will be used.
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libapr1 amd64 1.5.0-1 [85.1 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libaprutil1 amd64 1.5.3-1 [76.4 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 amd64 1.5.3-1 [10.5 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libaprutil1-ldap amd64 1.5.3-1 [8,634 B]
2016/01/09 17:43:07 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main apache2-bin amd64 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8 [840 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main apache2-data all 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8 [160 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main apache2 amd64 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8 [87.6 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main ssl-cert all 1.0.33 [16.6 kB]
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preconfiguring packages ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Fetched 1,285 kB in 1s (859 kB/s)
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package libapr1:amd64.
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: (Reading database ... 61917 files and directories currently installed.)
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../libapr1_1.5.0-1_amd64.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking libapr1:amd64 (1.5.0-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1:amd64.
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../libaprutil1_1.5.3-1_amd64.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking libaprutil1:amd64 (1.5.3-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3:amd64.
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3_1.5.3-1_amd64.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3:amd64 (1.5.3-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1-ldap:amd64.
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../libaprutil1-ldap_1.5.3-1_amd64.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking libaprutil1-ldap:amd64 (1.5.3-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package apache2-bin.
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../apache2-bin_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8_amd64.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:08 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking apache2-bin (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package apache2-data.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../apache2-data_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8_all.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking apache2-data (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package apache2.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../apache2_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8_amd64.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Selecting previously unselected package ssl-cert.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Preparing to unpack .../ssl-cert_1.0.33_all.deb ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Unpacking ssl-cert (1.0.33) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for ufw (0.34~rc-0ubuntu2) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up libapr1:amd64 (1.5.0-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up libaprutil1:amd64 (1.5.3-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3:amd64 (1.5.3-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up libaprutil1-ldap:amd64 (1.5.3-1) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up apache2-bin (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up apache2-data (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module mpm_event.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module authz_core.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module authz_host.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module authn_core.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module auth_basic.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module access_compat.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module authn_file.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module authz_user.
2016/01/09 17:43:09 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module alias.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module dir.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module autoindex.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module env.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module mime.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module negotiation.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module setenvif.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module filter.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module deflate.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling module status.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling conf charset.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling conf localized-error-pages.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling conf other-vhosts-access-log.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling conf security.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling conf serve-cgi-bin.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: Enabling site 000-default.
2016/01/09 17:43:10 ui: virtualbox-iso: * Starting web server apache2
2016/01/09 17:43:11 ui: virtualbox-iso: *
2016/01/09 17:43:11 ui: virtualbox-iso: Setting up ssl-cert (1.0.33) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:11 ui: virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6.6) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:11 ui: virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:11 ui: virtualbox-iso: Processing triggers for ufw (0.34~rc-0ubuntu2) ...
2016/01/09 17:43:12 ui: virtualbox-iso: [sudo] password for vagrant: Generating grub configuration file ...
2016/01/09 17:43:12 ui: virtualbox-iso: Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.19.0-25-generic
2016/01/09 17:43:12 ui: virtualbox-iso: Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.19.0-25-generic
2016/01/09 17:43:13 packer-builder-virtualbox-iso.exe: 2016/01/09 17:43:13 remote command exited with '0': echo 'vagrant'|sudo -S sh '/tmp/script_7943.sh'
2016/01/09 17:43:13 packer-builder-virtualbox-iso.exe: 2016/01/09 17:43:13 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2016/01/09 17:43:13 [INFO] RPC client: Communicator ended with: 0
2016/01/09 17:43:13 [INFO] RPC endpoint: Communicator ended with: 0
2016/01/09 17:43:13 [INFO] 12338 bytes written for 'stdout'
2016/01/09 17:43:13 [INFO] 179 bytes written for 'stderr'
2016/01/09 17:43:13 ui: virtualbox-iso: done
流浪汉的哪个过程会导致这种奇怪的行为？ （缓存系统，virtualbox缓存...。）
我尝试
这似乎是一个非常非常奇怪的问题，不仅与脚本有关，而且与无业游民和virtualbox运行的机制有关。
为什么安装的软件包在我的流浪汉中找不到？
配置
因此，这是我们所知道的关键细节。 我们可以从Packer构建的输出中看到，显然已经安装了Apache。 因此，生成的Box文件包括Apache安装，使用它创建Vagrant VM会导致该VM安装了Apache。 但是，在您的情况下，Vagrant VM 未安装Apache。
使用消除的过程，这就是我认为发生的事情。 您必须已经使用Packer中的box文件添加了一个名称相同的Vagrant框，然后才能运行Vagrant。 当您做一个vagrant up ， vagrant up将查看Vagrantfile中的框名（在这种情况下为config.vm.box ），检查它是否已经具有该名称的框，如果存在则使用它。 否则，Vagrant将使用框URL（此处为config.vm.box_url ）查找新框，然后使用提供的名称将其添加。
您知道Packer中的box文件已安装Apache。 您只需要确保Vagrant可以导入该框，而不要使用已经具有的相同名称的框。 为此，您需要先删除它，然后再运行Vagrant ...
vagrant box remove ubuntu-14.04-amd64
vagrant up
然后，您的Vagrant VM将使用Packer创建的已安装Apache的框。