无法通过django自定义用户和组获取组权限

Question

我创建自定义用户和组如下：

models.py（我的用户应用程序）

` 从 django.db 导入模型 从 django.contrib.auth.models 导入 AbstractUser、GroupManager、Permission

class AbstractGroup(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(_("name"), max_length=150, unique=True)
    permissions = models.ManyToManyField(
        Permission,
        verbose_name=_("permissions"),
        blank=True,
        related_name="fk_group_permission",
    )

    objects = GroupManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def natural_key(self):
        return (self.name,)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = _("group")
        verbose_name_plural = _("groups")
        abstract = True

class Group(AbstractGroup):
    is_active = models.BooleanField(_("Is Active"), default=True)

class User(AbstractUser):
    groups = models.ManyToManyField(
        Group,
        verbose_name=_("groups"),
        blank=True,
        help_text=_(
            "The groups this user belongs to. A user will get all permissions "
            "granted to each of their groups."
        ),
        related_name="user_set",
        related_query_name="user",
    )

`

并指向settings.py：

    AUTH_USER_MODEL=myusers.User AUTH_GROUP_MODEL=myusers.Group

一切正常，但是当获取组权限（a_user.get_all_permissions() 或 a_user.get_group_permissions()）时引发错误： ValueError：无法查询“a_user”：必须是“Group”实例。 （这里的a_user是user用户实例） 怎么了？

get_group_permissions() 返回错误。

Answer 1

文件结构

myproject/
├── manage.py
├── myproject/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   ├── wsgi.py
├── myusers/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── admin.py
│   ├── apps.py
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── views.py
│   ├── tests.py
│   ├── migrations/
│       ├── __init__.py

---

代码实现

1.

myusers/models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, GroupManager, Permission
from django.db import models
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _


class AbstractGroup(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(_("name"), max_length=150, unique=True)
    permissions = models.ManyToManyField(
        Permission,
        verbose_name=_("permissions"),
        blank=True,
        related_name="fk_group_permission",
    )

    objects = GroupManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = _("group")
        verbose_name_plural = _("groups")
        abstract = True


class Group(AbstractGroup):
    is_active = models.BooleanField(_("Is Active"), default=True)


class User(AbstractUser):
    groups = models.ManyToManyField(
        Group,
        verbose_name=_("groups"),
        blank=True,
        help_text=_(
            "The groups this user belongs to. A user will get all permissions "
            "granted to each of their groups."
        ),
        related_name="user_set",
        related_query_name="user",
    )

    def get_group_permissions(self, obj=None):
        if not self.is_active or self.is_anonymous:
            return set()
        permissions = Permission.objects.filter(group__user_set=self).values_list(
            "content_type__app_label", "codename"
        )
        return {"%s.%s" % (ct, name) for ct, name in permissions}

    def get_all_permissions(self, obj=None):
        if not self.is_active or self.is_anonymous:
            return set()
        user_permissions = self.user_permissions.all().values_list(
            "content_type__app_label", "codename"
        )
        group_permissions = self.get_group_permissions()
        return {
            "%s.%s" % (ct, name) for ct, name in user_permissions
        } | group_permissions

2.

myproject/settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'myusers.User'
AUTH_GROUP_MODEL = 'myusers.Group'

---

在 VS Code 中测试的步骤

1. 使用以下命令创建超级用户：

   python manage.py createsuperuser
   

2. 添加新的

   Group

   并通过 Django 管理面板分配权限。

3. 在 Django Shell 中测试行为：

   python manage.py shell
   

---

测试代码

from myusers.models import User, Group
from django.contrib.auth.models import Permission

# Create a test group
group = Group.objects.create(name="Test Group")
permission = Permission.objects.get(codename="add_user")  # Example permission
group.permissions.add(permission)

# Create a test user
user = User.objects.create_user(username="testuser", password="testpassword")
user.groups.add(group)

# Fetch group permissions
print(user.get_group_permissions())
print(user.get_all_permissions())

---

预期输出

{'auth.add_user'}  # Group-level permission
{'auth.add_user'}  # All permissions (group + user-level)

此代码提供了与 VS Code 兼容的实用且功能性的实现，并确保您的自定义

Group

和

User

模型无缝工作。如果您对此问题有任何疑问，请随时询问。谢谢玛贾尔！