使用 Google Drive API 和 Python 从文件名生成文件结构

Question

我在 Google Drive 文件夹中有一堆文件，其文件名包含有关所需文件夹/子文件夹结构的信息：

[folder~subfolder] MyFile.ext

有些文件简单的写成：

[folder] MyOtherFile.ext

我正在寻找一种使用 thr Google Drive API 将文件分类为所需文件结构的方法，如果文件夹/子文件夹尚不存在，则创建它们。

这是我目前所拥有的：

import os
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError

# Set up the Drive API credentials
creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(r"CREDENTIALS_PATH", ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive'])

# Define the name of the Google Drive folder
folder_name = 'FOLDER_CONTAINING_FILES'

# Create a Drive API client
service = build('drive', 'v3', credentials=creds)

# Define the function to parse the subdirectories and sub-subdirectories
def parse_directory(filename):
    # Split the filename by '] '
    parts = filename.split('] ')
    subdirs = []
    for part in parts:
        # Check if the part is a subdirectory
        if '[' in part:
            subdir = part[1:]
            subdirs.append(subdir)
    return subdirs


# Get the list of files in the Google Drive folder
try:
    query = "mimeType='application/vnd.google-apps.folder' and trashed = false and name='" + folder_name + "'"
    folder = service.files().list(q=query).execute().get('files')[0]
    folder_id = folder.get('id')
    query = "'" + folder_id + "' in parents and trashed = false and mimeType != 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder'"
    files = service.files().list(q=query).execute().get('files')
except HttpError as error:
    print(f'An error occurred: {error}')
    files = []

# Create dictionaries to store the subdirectories and sub-subdirectories
subdirs_dict = {}
subsubdirs_dict = {}

# Loop through the files and create the subdirectories and sub-subdirectories if necessary
for file in files:
    filename = file.get('name')
    subdirs = parse_directory(filename)
    if len(subdirs) == 0:
        continue
    parent_id = folder_id
    for i in range(len(subdirs)):
        subdir = subdirs[i]
        if i == len(subdirs) - 1:
            subsubdir = ''
        else:
            subsubdir = subdirs[i+1]
        if subdir not in subdirs_dict:
            # Create the subdirectory if it doesn't exist
            metadata = {'name': subdir, 'parents': [parent_id], 'mimeType': 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder'}
            subdir_file = service.files().create(body=metadata, fields='id').execute()
            subdirs_dict[subdir] = subdir_file.get('id')
        parent_id = subdirs_dict[subdir]
        if subsubdir != '':
            if subsubdir not in subsubdirs_dict:
                # Create the sub-subdirectory if it doesn't exist
                metadata = {'name': subsubdir, 'parents': [parent_id], 'mimeType': 'application/vnd.google-apps.folder'}
                subsubdir_file = service.files().create(body=metadata, fields='id').execute()
                subsubdirs_dict[subsubdir] = subsubdir_file.get('id')
            parent_id = subsubdirs_dict[subsubdir]

# Loop through the files and move them to the appropriate subdirectory or sub-subdirectory
for file in files:
    filename = file.get('name')
    subdirs = parse_directory(filename)
    if len(subdirs) == 0:
        continue
    parent_id = folder_id
    for i in range(len(subdirs)):
        subdir = subdirs[i]
        if i == len(subdirs) - 1:
            subsubdir = ''
        else:
            subsubdir = subdirs[i+1]
        if subdir in subdirs_dict:
            parent_id = subdirs_dict[subdir]
        if subsubdir != '' and subsubdir in subsubdirs_dict:
            parent_id = subsubdirs_dict[subsubdir]
        metadata = {'name': filename, 'parents': [parent_id]}
        service.files().update(fileId=file.get('id'), body=metadata).execute()

目前，我的代码生成（几乎）正确的文件夹，但它们没有正确嵌套。例如，对于这些输入文件：

[0_diss] good_journals.txt
[0_diss~historic_disses] Zhang (2020) - NAV premia.pdf
[0_diss~literature] A Guide to Writing the Literature Review.pdf

脚本生成以下文件夹：

0_diss
0_diss~historic_disses
0_diss~literature

我想要的是创建名为“0_diss”、“historic_disses”和“literature”的文件夹（如果它们尚不存在），并将“historic_disses”和“literature”作为“0_diss”的子文件夹。我希望这更有意义。

真的很感谢这方面的帮助，我不是一个有经验的程序员，我正在尽我最大的努力学习 Python。谢谢。

Answer 1

这个答案假设只能有一个

~

，因为那是您提供的数据和示例。您可以像这样解析目录：

from typing import Optional
import re

def parse_directories(filename: str) -> Optional[dict]:
    dirs = {}
    
    # Make sure we have a supported file name, match anything not ]~ into group 1
    # Then optionally match anything not ] after ~ into group 2 
    match = re.search('^\[([^\]~]+)~?([^\]]+)?\]', filename)
    
    # If anything was matched, assign always available parent, else return null
    if (not match):
        return None

    dirs['parent'] = match.group(1)
    
    # If child was found, assign it too
    if (match.group(2)):
        dirs['child'] = match.group(2)
    
    return dirs

然后只使用一个循环来创建新目录并将文件移动到其中：

for filename in filenames:
    newdirs = parse_directories(filename)
    if newdirs:
        if 'child' in newdirs:
            # Create your child folder
            # To verify if it's been already made simply store paths as a list
        else:
            # Create newdirs['parent'] if needed
    
        # Move the file to the new/already existing folder, you don't need a 2nd loop

这应该让你走上正确的轨道。