如何让导航栏下拉菜单与身体重叠？

Question

我试图让导航栏上的下拉菜单与身体重叠。我试过z-index：1;但下拉菜单仍由身体覆盖，如何让下拉菜单与身体重叠？

此外，当我尝试在移动模式下使用导航栏时菜单未与导航栏对齐，如何使其与导航栏对齐？

谢谢你的帮助！

(function($) {
  $(function() {
    $('nav ul li > a:not(:only-child)').click(function(e) {
      $(this).siblings('.dropdown').toggle();
      $('.dropdown').not($(this).siblings()).hide();
      e.stopPropagation();
    });
    $('html').click(function() {
      $('.dropdown').hide();
    });
    $('#toggle').on('click', function() {
      this.classList.toggle('active');
    });
    $('#toggle').click(function() {
  $('nav ul').toggle();
});
  });
})(jQuery);

*, body{
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Navbar */
nav {
float: right;
}

nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

nav ul li {
  float: left;
  position: relative;
}

nav ul li a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0 20px;
  line-height: 70px;
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #008000;
}

nav ul li a:not(:only-child):after {
  padding-left: 1px;
  content: ' ▾';
}

nav ul li ul li {
  min-width: 190px;
}

nav ul li ul li a {
  padding: 15px;
  line-height: 20px;
}

.dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 9;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  display: none;
}

.mobile {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  background: #ffffff;
  height: 70px;
  width: 70px;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 800px) {
  .mobile {
    display: block;
  }

  nav {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 70px 0 15px;
  }

  nav ul {
    display: none;
  }

  nav ul li {
    float: none;
  }

  nav ul li a {
    padding: 15px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }

  nav ul li ul li a {
    padding-left: 30px;
  }

  .dropdown {
    position: static;
  }

  nav ul {
    display: none;
  }

  #toggle {
    position: absolute;
    left: 18px;
    top: 22px;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 10px 35px 16px 0px;
  }

  #toggle span,
  #toggle span:before,
  #toggle span:after {
    color: #333;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-radius: 1px;
    height: 5px;
    width: 35px;
    background: #333;
    position: absolute;
    display: block;
    content: '';
    transition: all 300ms ease-in-out;
  }

  #toggle span:before {
    top: -10px;
  }

  #toggle span:after {
    bottom: -10px;
  }

  #toggle.active span {
    background-color: transparent;
  }

  #toggle.active span:before,
  #toggle.active span:after {
    top: 0;
  }

  #toggle.active span:before {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
  }

  #toggle.active span:after {
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 800px) {
  .list {
    display: block !important;
  }
}

.navigation {
  height: 70px;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1500px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.brand {
  font-size: 20px;
  position: relative;
  padding: 20px;
  width: 200px;
  float: left;
  text-transform: none;
}

.brand a,
.brand a:visited {
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Body */
.body{
  box-sizing: border-box;
  z-index: -1;
}

.container {
  width:90%;
  max-width: 1300px;
  margin: 2em auto;
  background-color:#fff;
  overflow:hidden;
  padding:.5em;
}

img {
  max-width:100%;
}

.item {
  width:25%;
  float:left;
  padding:.5em;
  border:1px solid #333;
  /*background-color:#fff;*/
}

.item p {
  min-height:3em;
  /*background-color:#fff;*/
  margin:.5em 0 0 0;
  font-size:.9em;
  text-align:center;
}

@media screen and (max-width:1000px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:33.3%;
  }

}


@media screen and (max-width:800px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:50%;
  }

  .item p {
  font-size:.8em;
  }

}

@media screen and (max-width:400px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:100%;
  }

}

<body>
  <section class="navigation">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="brand">
        <a href="#!">Logo</a>
      </div>
      <nav>
        <div class="mobile">
          <a id="toggle" href="#!"><span></span></a>
        </div>
        <ul class="list">
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a></li>
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
            <ul class="dropdown">
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
            <ul class="dropdown">
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
            <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
              <ul class="dropdown">
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </section>
  <section class="body">
    <div class="container">

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

  </div>
  </section>
  <script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.0/jquery.min.js'></script>
  <script  src="js/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

Answer 1

你这里不需要z-index。问题是你将overflow:hidden添加到.container。你在.container里面有一个.navigation。

.navigation .container {
  overflow: visible;
}

会解决它。

您可能想要从z-index: -1中删除.body。

(function($) {
  $(function() {
    $('nav ul li > a:not(:only-child)').click(function(e) {
      $(this).siblings('.dropdown').toggle();
      $('.dropdown').not($(this).siblings()).hide();
      e.stopPropagation();
    });
    $('html').click(function() {
      $('.dropdown').hide();
    });
    $('#toggle').on('click', function() {
      this.classList.toggle('active');
    });
    $('#toggle').click(function() {
  $('nav ul').toggle();
});
  });
})(jQuery);

*, body{
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Navbar */
nav {
float: right;
}

nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

nav ul li {
  float: left;
  position: relative;
}

nav ul li a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0 20px;
  line-height: 70px;
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #008000;
}

nav ul li a:not(:only-child):after {
  padding-left: 1px;
  content: ' ▾';
}

nav ul li ul li {
  min-width: 190px;
}

nav ul li ul li a {
  padding: 15px;
  line-height: 20px;
}

.dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 9;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  display: none;
}

.mobile {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  background: #ffffff;
  height: 70px;
  width: 70px;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 800px) {
  .mobile {
    display: block;
  }

  nav {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 70px 0 15px;
  }

  nav ul {
    display: none;
  }

  nav ul li {
    float: none;
  }

  nav ul li a {
    padding: 15px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }

  nav ul li ul li a {
    padding-left: 30px;
  }

  .dropdown {
    position: static;
  }

  nav ul {
    display: none;
  }

  #toggle {
    position: absolute;
    left: 18px;
    top: 22px;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 10px 35px 16px 0px;
  }

  #toggle span,
  #toggle span:before,
  #toggle span:after {
    color: #333;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-radius: 1px;
    height: 5px;
    width: 35px;
    background: #333;
    position: absolute;
    display: block;
    content: '';
    transition: all 300ms ease-in-out;
  }

  #toggle span:before {
    top: -10px;
  }

  #toggle span:after {
    bottom: -10px;
  }

  #toggle.active span {
    background-color: transparent;
  }

  #toggle.active span:before,
  #toggle.active span:after {
    top: 0;
  }

  #toggle.active span:before {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
  }

  #toggle.active span:after {
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 800px) {
  .list {
    display: block !important;
  }
}

.navigation {
  height: 70px;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1500px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.brand {
  font-size: 20px;
  position: relative;
  padding: 20px;
  width: 200px;
  float: left;
  text-transform: none;
}

.brand a,
.brand a:visited {
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Body */
.body{
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.container {
  width:90%;
  max-width: 1300px;
  margin: 2em auto;
  background-color:#fff;
  overflow:hidden;
  padding:.5em;
}

img {
  max-width:100%;
}

.item {
  width:25%;
  float:left;
  padding:.5em;
  border:1px solid #333;
  /*background-color:#fff;*/
}

.item p {
  min-height:3em;
  /*background-color:#fff;*/
  margin:.5em 0 0 0;
  font-size:.9em;
  text-align:center;
}

@media screen and (max-width:1000px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:33.3%;
  }

}
nav > li:hover {
  z-index: 1;
}

@media screen and (max-width:800px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:50%;
  }

  .item p {
  font-size:.8em;
  }

}

@media screen and (max-width:400px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:100%;
  }

}
.navigation .container {
  overflow: visible;
}

<body>
  <section class="navigation">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="brand">
        <a href="#!">Logo</a>
      </div>
      <nav>
        <div class="mobile">
          <a id="toggle" href="#!"><span></span></a>
        </div>
        <ul class="list">
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a></li>
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
            <ul class="dropdown">
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
            <ul class="dropdown">
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
            <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
              <ul class="dropdown">
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </section>
  <section class="body">
    <div class="container">

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

  </div>
  </section>
  <script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.0/jquery.min.js'></script>
  <script  src="js/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

Answer 2

这可能有所帮助，但代码非常混乱，你需要尽快重构。

创建导航或任何其他类型的叠加层时的一般想法是：

将整个叠加层分成html元素，包含导航，菜单图标和徽标等...
将其固定并使其拉伸，并将所有方向设置为0
只有一个.open-overlay类应该给你的叠加显示块和你的身体溢出隐藏（这可能不需要，取决于你想要实现的目标）
使用js在click上添加该类，因此如果不计算用于添加事件侦听器的代码，则这应该都是一行代码。

请注意：为了使你的身体不可滚动，有很多更好的选择然后将溢出设置为隐藏，请搜索堆栈。

(function($) {
  $(function() {
    $('nav ul li > a:not(:only-child)').click(function(e) {
      $(this).siblings('.dropdown').toggle();
      $('.dropdown').not($(this).siblings()).hide();
      e.stopPropagation();
    });
    $('html').click(function() {
      $('.dropdown').hide();
    });
    $('#toggle').on('click', function() {
      this.classList.toggle('active');
    });
    $('#toggle').click(function() {
  $('nav ul').toggle();
});
  });
})(jQuery);

*, body{
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Navbar */
nav {
float: right;
}

nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

nav ul li {
  float: left;
  position: relative;
}

nav ul li a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0 20px;
  line-height: 70px;
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #008000;
}

nav ul li a:not(:only-child):after {
  padding-left: 1px;
  content: ' ▾';
}

nav ul li ul li {
  min-width: 190px;
}

nav ul li ul li a {
  padding: 15px;
  line-height: 20px;
}

.dropdown {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 9;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  display: none;
}

.mobile {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  background: #ffffff;
  height: 70px;
  width: 70px;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 800px) {
.navigation {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
}
  .mobile {
    display: block;
  }

  nav {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0 0 15px;
  }

  nav ul {
    display: none;
  }

  nav ul li {
    float: none;
  }

  nav ul li a {
    padding: 15px;
    line-height: 20px;
  }

  nav ul li ul li a {
    padding-left: 30px;
  }

  .dropdown {
    position: static;
  }

  nav ul {
    display: none;
  }

  #toggle {
    position: absolute;
    left: 18px;
    top: 22px;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 10px 35px 16px 0px;
  }

  #toggle span,
  #toggle span:before,
  #toggle span:after {
    color: #333;
    cursor: pointer;
    border-radius: 1px;
    height: 5px;
    width: 35px;
    background: #333;
    position: absolute;
    display: block;
    content: '';
    transition: all 300ms ease-in-out;
  }

  #toggle span:before {
    top: -10px;
  }

  #toggle span:after {
    bottom: -10px;
  }

  #toggle.active span {
    background-color: transparent;
  }

  #toggle.active span:before,
  #toggle.active span:after {
    top: 0;
  }

  #toggle.active span:before {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
  }

  #toggle.active span:after {
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 800px) {
  .list {
    display: block !important;
  }
}

.navigation {
  height: 70px;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1500px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.brand {
  font-size: 20px;
  position: relative;
  padding: 20px;
  width: 200px;
  float: left;
  text-transform: none;
}

.brand a,
.brand a:visited {
  color: #333;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Body */
.body{
  box-sizing: border-box;
  z-index: -1;
}

.container {
  width:90%;
  max-width: 1300px;
  margin: 2em auto;
  background-color:#fff;
  overflow:hidden;
  padding:.5em;
}

img {
  max-width:100%;
}

.item {
  width:25%;
  float:left;
  padding:.5em;
  border:1px solid #333;
  /*background-color:#fff;*/
}

.item p {
  min-height:3em;
  /*background-color:#fff;*/
  margin:.5em 0 0 0;
  font-size:.9em;
  text-align:center;
}

@media screen and (max-width:1000px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:33.3%;
  }

}


@media screen and (max-width:800px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:50%;
  }

  .item p {
  font-size:.8em;
  }

}

@media screen and (max-width:400px) {

/*   body {
    background-color:#fff;
  } */

  .item {
    width:100%;
  }

}

<body>
  <section class="navigation">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="brand">
        <a href="#!">Logo</a>
      </div>
      <nav>
        <div class="mobile">
          <a id="toggle" href="#!"><span></span></a>
        </div>
        <ul class="list">
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a></li>
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
            <ul class="dropdown">
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
          <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
            <ul class="dropdown">
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
            </ul>
          </li>
            <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a>
              <ul class="dropdown">
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
                <li><a href="">Item</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a id="home" href="#!">Item</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </section>
  <section class="body">
    <div class="container">

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

    <div class="item">
      <img src="http://placehold.it/400x300">
      <p>Item Caption</p>
    </div>

  </div>
  </section>
  <script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.0/jquery.min.js'></script>
  <script  src="js/index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

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