“Animal”的“foo”没有重载变体与参数类型“str”匹配

Question

我有一个文件

t.py

，其中有一个类

Animal

和一个子类

Cat

。两者都有方法

foo

，该方法根据布尔值

inplace

的值具有不同的返回类型。

这是文件的完整代码：

# t.py

from __future__ import annotations

from typing import TypeVar, Optional, overload, Literal 

CatOrDog = TypeVar("CatOrDog", bound="Animal")


class Animal:
    @overload
    def foo(self: CatOrDog, inplace: Literal[False], bar) -> CatOrDog:
        ...

    @overload
    def foo(self: CatOrDog, inplace: Literal[True], bar) -> None:
        ...

    def foo(
        self: CatOrDog, inplace: bool = False, bar=None
    ) -> Optional[CatOrDog]:
        ...

    def ffill(self) -> Optional[CatOrDog]:
        return self.foo(bar="a")


class Cat(Animal):
    @overload
    def foo(self, inplace: Literal[False], bar) -> Cat:
        ...

    @overload
    def foo(self, inplace: Literal[True], bar) -> None:
        ...

    def foo(self, inplace: bool = False, bar=None) -> Optional[Cat]:
        ...

如果我运行

mypy

，我会得到

$ mypy t.py 
t.py:23: error: No overload variant of "foo" of "Animal" matches argument type "str"
t.py:23: note: Possible overload variants:
t.py:23: note:     def foo(self, inplace: Literal[False], bar: Any) -> Animal
t.py:23: note:     def foo(self, inplace: Literal[True], bar: Any) -> None
Found 1 error in 1 file (checked 1 source file)

我怎样才能正确地超载

foo

，以便我可以打电话给

self.foo(bar="a")

？我尝试过设置

bar: Any

，但不起作用。

Answer 1

您需要允许其中一个重载使用默认参数，并在

self

方法中为

ffill

设置正确的类型。

如：

from __future__ import annotations

from typing import TypeVar, Optional, overload, Literal 

CatOrDog = TypeVar("CatOrDog", bound="Animal")


class Animal:
    @overload
    def foo(self: CatOrDog, inplace: Literal[False]=..., bar=...) -> CatOrDog:
        ...

    @overload
    def foo(self: CatOrDog, inplace: Literal[True], bar=...) -> None:
        ...

    def foo(
        self: CatOrDog, inplace: bool = False, bar=None
    ) -> Optional[CatOrDog]:
        ...

    def ffill(self: CatOrDog) -> Optional[CatOrDog]:
        
        return self.foo(bar="a")


class Cat(Animal):
    @overload
    def foo(self, inplace: Literal[False]=..., bar=...) -> Cat:
        ...

    @overload
    def foo(self, inplace: Literal[True], bar=...) -> None:
        ...

    def foo(self, inplace: bool = False, bar=None) -> Optional[Cat]:
        ...

参见https://mypy-play.net/?mypy=latest&python=3.9&gist=49da369f6343543769eed2060fa61639