我在使用strcat时遇到问题,但是在使用realloc时,strcat覆盖了目标字符串
char *splitStr(char *line) {
char *str_;
str_ = (char *) malloc(1);
char *ptr = strtok(line,"\n");
int a;
while (ptr != NULL) {
if (ptr[0] != '$') {
printf("oncesi %s\n", str_);
a = strlen(ptr) + strlen(str_) + 1;
str_ = realloc(str_, a);
strcat(str_, ptr);
str_[a] = '\0';
printf("sontasi:%s\n", str_);
}
ptr = strtok(NULL, "\n");
}
printf("splitStr %d\n", strlen(str_));
printf("%s", str_);
return str_;
}
而我的输入值为;
*4
$3
200
$4
4814
$7
SUCCESS
$4
3204
所以我想通过strtok分割此输入值;strtok(line,'\ n');
并且将所有没有开始的行“ $” char连接到新的char。但是,此代码给出以下输出;
line: *4
oncesi
sontasi:*4
oncesi *4
200tasi:*4
200esi *4
4814asi:*4
4814si *4
SUCCESS:*4
SUCCESS*4
3204ESS:*4
splitStr 25
似乎会覆盖源字符串。您是否知道为什么会发生此问题?
以下建议的代码:
malloc()
和realloc()
中的错误strlen()
返回size_t
,而不是int
。因此正确的输出格式转换说明符是:%zu
现在,建议的代码:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
char *splitStr( char *line )
{
printf("original line: %s\n", line);
char *str = malloc(1);
if( !str )
{
perror( "malloc failed" );
exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
}
str[0] = '\0'; // critical statement
char *token = strtok(line,"\n");
while( token )
{
if( token[0] != '$')
{
char* temp = realloc( str, strlen( token ) + strlen( str ) + 1 );
if( ! temp )
{
perror( "realloc failed" );
free( str );
exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
}
str = temp; // update pointer
strcat(str, token);
printf( "concat result: %s\n", str );
}
token = strtok(NULL, "\n");
}
printf("splitStr %zu\n", strlen(str));
return str;
}
int main( void )
{
char firstStr[] = "$abcd\n$defg\nhijk\n";
char *firstNewStr = splitStr( firstStr );
printf( "returned: %s\n\n\n\n", firstNewStr );
free( firstNewStr );
char secondStr[] = "abcd\ndefg\nhijk\n";
char *secondNewStr = splitStr( secondStr );
printf( "returned: %s\n\n\n\n", secondNewStr );
free( secondNewStr );
}
运行建议的代码将导致:
original line: $abcd
$defg
hijk
concat result: hijk
splitStr 4
returned: hijk
original line: abcd
defg
hijk
concat result: abcd
concat result: abcddefg
concat result: abcddefghijk
splitStr 12
returned: abcddefghijk