如何在python中自动更新类变量？

Question

我正在尝试自动更新具有固定关系的类变量。例如：

class vector:
    def __init__(self, x, y, z):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.z = z
        self.r = (x**2+y**2+z**2)**0.5
        self.theta = tan((x**2+y**2)**0.5/z)
        self.phi = tan(y/x)

如果我更改此类的实例的值x，我想自动更新半径和角度。而且，如果我更改角度或半径，我想自动更新x，y，z分量。有什么办法吗？

编辑：好的，我现在有以下解决方案。如果有错误或不是我的常规错误，请纠正我。

from math import tan, cos, sin

class Vector:
    def __init__(self, x, y, z):
        self._x = x
        self._y = y
        self._z = z
        self._r = (self._x**2+self._y**2+self._z**2)**0.5
        self._theta = tan((self._x**2+self._y**2)**0.5/self._z)
        self._phi = tan(self._y/self._x)

    @property
    def x(self):
        return self._x
    @x.setter
    def x(self, new_x):
        self._x = new_x
        self._r = (self._x**2+self._y**2+self._z**2)**0.5
        self._theta = tan((self._x**2+self._y**2)**0.5/self._z)
        self._phi = tan(self._y/self._x)

    @property
    def y(self):
        return self._y

    @y.setter
    def y(self, new_y):
        self._y = new_y
        self._r = (self._x**2+self._y**2+self._z**2)**0.5
        self._theta = tan((self._x**2+self._y**2)**0.5/self._z)
        self._phi = tan(self._y/self._x)

    @property
    def z(self):
        return self._z

    @z.setter
    def z(self, new_z):
        self._z = new_z
        self._r = (self.x**2+self.y**2+self.z**2)**0.5
        self._theta = tan((self._x**2+self._y**2)**0.5/self._z)
        self._phi = tan(self._y/self._x)

    @property
    def r(self):
        return (self._x**2+self._y**2+self._z**2)**0.5

    @r.setter
    def r(self, new_r):
        self._r = new_r
        self._x = self._r*cos(self._theta)*cos(self._phi)
        self._y = self._r*cos(self._theta)*sin(self._phi)
        self._z = self._r*sin(self._theta)

    @property
    def theta(self):
        return tan((self._x**2+self._y**2)**0.5/self._z)

    @theta.setter
    def theta(self, new_theta):
        self._theta = new_theta
        self._x = self._r*cos(self._theta)*cos(self._phi)
        self._y = self._r*cos(self._theta)*sin(self._phi)
        self._z = self._r*sin(self._theta)

    @property
    def phi(self):
        return tan(self._y/self._x)

    @phi.setter
    def phi(self,new_phi):
        self._phi = new_phi
        self._x = self._r*cos(self._theta)*cos(self._phi)
        self._y = self._r*cos(self._theta)*sin(self._phi)
        self._z = self._r*sin(self._theta)

Answer 1

您正在寻找@property装饰器，该装饰器通过函数语句设置对象的变量。]​​>

@property
因此，

from math import tan

class Vector:
    def __init__(self, x, y, z):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.z = z

    @property
    def r(self):
        return (self.x**2+self.y**2+self.z**2)**0.5

    @property
    def theta(self):
        return tan((self.x**2+self.y**2)**0.5/self.z)

    @property
    def phi(self):
        return tan(self.y/self.x)

Answer 2

您可以按照以下方式重写您的课程