使用Visual Studio C ++进行单元测试时出现链接器错误

Question

我想用Visual Studio对我的C ++项目进行单元测试。从我的项目中添加文件夹作为我的测试项目的包含路径后，我在尝试编译测试时遇到链接器错误：

Severity    Code    Description Project File    Line    Suppression State
Error   LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Piece::Piece(enum Color)" (??0Piece@@QAE@W4Color@@@Z) referenced in function "public: __thiscall Bishop::Bishop(enum Color)" (??0Bishop@@QAE@W4Color@@@Z)    ChessPlusPlus-Tests D:\Documents\Projects\ChessPlusPlus\ChessPlusPlus-Tests\BishopTests.obj 1   
Error   LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Board::~Board(void)" (??1Board@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function "public: void __thiscall ChessPlusPlusTests::BishopTests::ValidMovesTest(void)" (?ValidMovesTest@BishopTests@ChessPlusPlusTests@@QAEXXZ)  ChessPlusPlus-Tests D:\Documents\Projects\ChessPlusPlus\ChessPlusPlus-Tests\BishopTests.obj 1   
Error   LNK2019 unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall Board::placePieceAt(class Piece * const,struct Position)" (?placePieceAt@Board@@QAEXQAVPiece@@UPosition@@@Z) referenced in function "public: void __thiscall ChessPlusPlusTests::BishopTests::ValidMovesTest(void)" (?ValidMovesTest@BishopTests@ChessPlusPlusTests@@QAEXXZ)    ChessPlusPlus-Tests D:\Documents\Projects\ChessPlusPlus\ChessPlusPlus-Tests\BishopTests.obj 1   
Error   LNK2001 unresolved external symbol "public: virtual class std::vector<struct Position,class std::allocator<struct Position> > __thiscall Bishop::getMovesFor(struct Position,class Board &)" (?getMovesFor@Bishop@@UAE?AV?$vector@UPosition@@V?$allocator@UPosition@@@std@@@std@@UPosition@@AAVBoard@@@Z)   ChessPlusPlus-Tests D:\Documents\Projects\ChessPlusPlus\ChessPlusPlus-Tests\BishopTests.obj 1   
Error   LNK2001 unresolved external symbol "public: virtual class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > __thiscall Bishop::toString(void)" (?toString@Bishop@@UAE?AV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@XZ)    ChessPlusPlus-Tests D:\Documents\Projects\ChessPlusPlus\ChessPlusPlus-Tests\BishopTests.obj 1   
Error   LNK2001 unresolved external symbol "public: virtual class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > __thiscall Bishop::toShortString(void)" (?toShortString@Bishop@@UAE?AV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@XZ)  ChessPlusPlus-Tests D:\Documents\Projects\ChessPlusPlus\ChessPlusPlus-Tests\BishopTests.obj 1   

我的测试源代码：

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "CppUnitTest.h"
#include "Bishop.h"
#include "Board.h"
#include "TestUtils.h"

using namespace Microsoft::VisualStudio::CppUnitTestFramework;

namespace ChessPlusPlusTests
{
    TEST_CLASS(BishopTests)
    {
    public:

        TEST_METHOD(ValidMovesTest)
        {
            // Arrange
            Board board{};
            Bishop *piece = new Bishop{ Color::WHITE };
            Position pos{ 3,3 };
            board.placePieceAt(piece, pos);

            // Act
            auto validPositions = piece->getMovesFor(pos, board);

            // Assert
            TestUtils::AssertPositions(validPositions, {
                0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,
                1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
                0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,
                0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,
                0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
                0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,
                0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,
                1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,
            });
        }

    };
}

如果不添加include路径，则测试项目不会编译，因为主项目中的头文件包含依赖于include路径。

主要项目编译得很好。

有人能帮我理解什么是错的吗？

谢谢！

Answer 1

https://www.codeproject.com/Tips/1085171/How-To-Do-Unit-Testing-with-Cplusplus-in-Visual-St

我发现你必须将你的.h和.cpp文件作为现有文件添加到测试项目中。这是在官方文档中遗漏或我错过了。

现在它有效！