我想知道,如果Spring Boot中的Filter
类(用于Web应用程序)有任何注释?也许@Filter
?
我想在我的项目中添加自定义过滤器。
The Spring Boot Reference Guide提到了FilterRegistrationBean
,但我不确定如何使用它。
如果要设置第三方过滤器,可以使用FilterRegistrationBean
。例如,相当于web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>SomeFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.somecompany.SomeFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SomeFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/url/*</url-pattern>
<init-param>
<param-name>paramName</param-name>
<param-value>paramValue</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter-mapping>
这些将是@Configuration
文件中的两个bean
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean someFilterRegistration() {
FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registration.setFilter(someFilter());
registration.addUrlPatterns("/url/*");
registration.addInitParameter("paramName", "paramValue");
registration.setName("someFilter");
registration.setOrder(1);
return registration;
}
public Filter someFilter() {
return new SomeFilter();
}
以上是用spring-boot 1.2.3测试的
您可以在实现javax.servlet.Filter的类上使用@WebFilter javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = {"/*" })
public class AuthenticationFilter implements Filter{
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(AuthenticationFilter.class);
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
logger.info("checking client id in filter");
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) arg0;
String clientId = request.getHeader("clientId");
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(clientId)) {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
logger.error("client id missing.");
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
然后使用@ServletComponentScan进行注册
我在这里看到了很多答案,但我没有尝试过任何一个。我刚刚创建了过滤器,如下面的代码所示。
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*")
public class MyFilter implements Filter {}
然后留下剩余的Spring Boot应用程序。
这是一个建议而不是答案,但如果您在Web应用程序中使用Spring MVC,最好使用Spring HandlerInterceptor而不是Filter
它可以完成相同的工作,但也可以 - 使用ModelAndView - 可以在请求处理之前和之后,或在请求完成之后调用其方法。 - 它可以很容易地测试
1实现HandlerInterceptor接口并向您的类添加@Component注释
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/Admin")
@Configuration
public class AdminFilter implements Filter{
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("happened");
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
2配置拦截器
@Component
public class SecurityInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SecurityInterceptor.class);
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
request.getSession(true);
if(isLoggedIn(request))
return true;
response.getWriter().write("{\"loggedIn\":false}");
return false;
}
private boolean isLoggedIn(HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
UserSession userSession = (UserSession) request.getSession(true).getAttribute("userSession");
return userSession != null && userSession.isLoggedIn();
} catch(IllegalStateException ex) {
return false;
}
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, @Nullable ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, @Nullable Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
您也可以使用@WebFilter制作过滤器并实现Filter,它会做。
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
private HandlerInterceptor securityInterceptor;
@Autowired
public void setSecurityInterceptor(HandlerInterceptor securityInterceptor) {
this.securityInterceptor = securityInterceptor;
}
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(securityInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/login", "/logout");
}
}
名称过滤器用于对资源请求或资源响应(或两者)执行过滤。 Spring Boot提供了很少的选项来在Spring Boot应用程序中注册自定义过滤器。我们来看看不同的选项。
1.定义Spring Boot Filter和Invocation Order
实现Filter接口以在Spring Boot中创建新过滤器。
@Configuration
public class AppInConfig
{
@Bean
@Order(1)
public FilterRegistrationBean aiFilterRegistration() {
FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registration.setFilter(new TrackingFilter());
registration.addUrlPatterns("/**");
registration.setOrder(1);
return registration;
}
@Bean(name = "TrackingFilter")
public Filter TrackingFilter() {
return new TrackingFilter();
}
}
让我们快速查看上面代码中的一些重点
@Configuration
@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
public class CustomFilter implements Filter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomFilter.class);
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
LOGGER.info("########## Initiating Custom filter ##########");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
LOGGER.info("Logging Request {} : {}", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURI());
//call next filter in the filter chain
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
LOGGER.info("Logging Response :{}", response.getContentType());
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO: 7/4/18
}
}
在上面的代码中,CustomFirstFilter将在CustomSecondFilter之前运行。
数字越低,优先级越高
2.网址格式
如果基于约定的映射不够灵活,我们可以使用FilterRegistrationBean来完全控制应用程序。在这里,不要对过滤器类使用@Component注释,而是使用FilterRegistrationBean注册过滤器。
@Component
@Order(1)
public class CustomFirstFilter implements Filter {
}
@Component
@Order(2)
public class CustomSecondFilter implements Filter {
}
使用FilterRegistrationBean注册自定义过滤器。
public class CustomURLFilter implements Filter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomURLFilter.class);
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
LOGGER.info("########## Initiating CustomURLFilter filter ##########");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
LOGGER.info("This Filter is only called when request is mapped for /customer resource");
//call next filter in the filter chain
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
首先,将@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean < CustomURLFilter > filterRegistrationBean() {
FilterRegistrationBean < CustomURLFilter > registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
CustomURLFilter customURLFilter = new CustomURLFilter();
registrationBean.setFilter(customURLFilter);
registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/greeting/*");
registrationBean.setOrder(2); //set precedence
return registrationBean;
}
}
添加到SpringBootApplication类中。
@ServletComponentScan
其次,创建一个扩展Filter或第三方过滤器类的过滤器文件,并将@ServletComponentScan
public class Application {
添加到此文件中,如下所示:
@WebFilter
@Order(1) //optional
@WebFilter(filterName = "XXXFilter", urlPatterns = "/*",
dispatcherTypes = {DispatcherType.REQUEST, DispatcherType.FORWARD},
initParams = {@WebInitParam(name = "confPath", value = "classpath:/xxx.xml")})
public class XXXFilter extends Filter{
您需要实现Filter并需要使用@WebFilter注释(urlPatterns =“/ *”)
在Application或Configuration类中,您需要添加@ServletComponentScan,这样您的过滤器就会被注册。
我看到了@Vasily Komarov的回答。类似的方法,但使用抽象的HandlerInterceptorAdapter类而不是使用HandlerInterceptor。
这是一个例子......
@WebFilter(urlPatterns="/*")
public class XSSFilter implements Filter {
private static final org.apache.log4j.Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(XSSFilter.class);
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
LOGGER.info("Initiating XSSFilter... ");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpRequestWrapper requestWrapper = new HttpRequestWrapper(req);
chain.doFilter(requestWrapper, response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
LOGGER.info("Destroying XSSFilter... ");
}
}
众所周知,Spring Boot是一种开发Web应用程序或独立应用程序的绝佳方式,只需最少的配置和自定义设置。
这就是我在Spring Boot应用程序中实现Web过滤器开发的方法
我的SpringBootApp规格: -
Spring Boot版本:2.0.4.RELEASE Java版本:8.0 Servlet规范:Servlet 3.0(强制性和重要性)
我按照以下方式声明了我的Web过滤器,遵守Servlet规范3.0
@Component
public class CustomInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
}
}
@Configuration
public class InterceptorConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private CustomInterceptor customInterceptor ;
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(customInterceptor );
}
}
这是将Filter定义为基于web.xml的定义的替代的编程方式。
在部署期间,容器将处理“@Webfilter”注释,将根据配置创建找到它的Filter类,并将其应用于URL模式javax.servlet.Servlets和javax.servlet.DispatcherTypes。
完全避免Web.xml并实现“可部署”WebApp: -
要将Spring Boot Application部署为“传统WAR”,应用程序类应该扩展SpringBootServletInitializer。
注意:: SpringBootServletInitializer是web.xml的“程序化实现”,参考Servlet 3.0+规范,需要实现WebApplicationInitializer。
因此,SpringBootApplication不需要“web.xml”作为其Application类(在扩展SpringBootServletInitializer之后)扫描 - @WebFilter, - @WebListener和 - @WebServlet。
注释@ServletComponentScan
此注释允许扫描使用@WebFilter,@ WebListener和@WebServlet注释的Web组件的基本包。
由于嵌入式容器不支持@WebServlet,@ WebFilter和@WebListener注释,Spring Boot非常依赖嵌入式容器,因此引入了这个新的注释@ServletComponentScan来支持一些使用这3个注释的依赖jar。
仅在使用嵌入式Servlet容器时执行扫描。
以下是我的Spring Boot应用程序类定义: -
自定义Servlet初始化程序: -
这里:我定义了一个自定义类:“ServletInitializer”,它扩展了Class:SpringBootServletInitializer。
如前所述,SpringBootServletInitializer负责扫描注释: - - @WebFilter, - @WebListener和 - @WebServlet。
因此Spring Boot应用程序类应该
以下是在Spring Boot MVC应用程序中包含自定义筛选器的一种方法示例。请务必在组件扫描中包含该包:
package com.dearheart.gtsc.filters;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class XClacksOverhead implements Filter {
public static final String X_CLACKS_OVERHEAD = "X-Clacks-Overhead";
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
response.setHeader(X_CLACKS_OVERHEAD, "GNU Terry Pratchett");
chain.doFilter(req, res);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {}
}
没有特殊的注释来表示servlet过滤器。你只需要声明@Bean
(或Filter
)类型的FilterRegistrationBean
。一个例子(为所有响应添加自定义标头)在Boot自己的EndpointWebMvcAutoConfiguration中;
如果您只声明Filter
,它将应用于所有请求。如果还添加了FilterRegistrationBean
,则还可以指定要应用的各个servlet和url模式。
注意:
从Spring Boot 1.4开始,FilterRegistrationBean
不被弃用,只是将包从org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean
移到org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean
添加过滤器有三种方法,
@Component
之类的Spring构造型注释您的过滤器@Bean
注册Filter
和@Configuration
类型@Bean
注册FilterRegistrationBean
和@Configuration
类型如果您希望过滤器适用于所有请求而无需自定义,则#1或#2将执行,否则使用#3。只要将过滤器类放在SpringApplication
类的相同或子包中,就不需要为#1指定组件扫描。对于#3,只有当您希望Spring管理您的过滤器类(例如具有自动连线依赖性)时,才需要与#2一起使用。它对我来说很好,新的我的过滤器不需要任何依赖自动装配/注入。
虽然结合#2和#3工作正常,但我很惊讶它最终没有两个过滤器应用两次。我的猜测是,当它调用相同的方法来创建它们时,Spring将两个bean组合为一个。如果你想单独使用#3和authowiring,你可以AutowireCapableBeanFactory
。以下是一个例子,
private @Autowired AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter() {
FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean();
Filter myFilter = new MyFilter();
beanFactory.autowireBean(myFilter);
registration.setFilter(myFilter);
registration.addUrlPatterns("/myfilterpath/*");
return registration;
}
更新时间:2017-12-16:
在Spring Boot 1.5.8.RELEASE中有两种简单的方法可以做到这一点,不需要XML。
第一种方式:如果你没有任何特定的URL模式,你可以像这样使用@Component :(完整的代码和详细信息在这里qazxsw poi)
https://www.surasint.com/spring-boot-filter/
第二种方式:如果你想使用url模式,可以像这样使用@WebFilter :(完整代码和详细信息在这里@Component
public class ExampleFilter implements Filter{
...
}
)
https://www.surasint.com/spring-boot-filter-urlpattern/
但是您还需要在@SpringBootApplication类中添加@ServletComponentScan注释:
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/api/count")
public class ExampleFilter implements Filter{
...
}
请注意,@ Component是Spring的注释,但@WebFilter不是。 @WebFilter是Servlet 3注释。
两种方式,你只需要在pom.xml中基本的Spring Boot依赖(不需要显式的tomcat嵌入式jasper)
@ServletComponentScan
@SpringBootApplication
public class MyApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
...
}
警告:第一种方法,如果Spring Boot中的Controller返回JSP文件,请求将通过过滤器两次。
而在第二种方式中,请求将仅通过过滤器一次。
我更喜欢第二种方式,因为它更类似于Servlet规范中的默认行为( <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.surasint.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-04</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
)
你可以在这里看到更多测试日志https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19879-01/819-3669/6n5sg7b0b/index.html
以下是我的自定义Filter类的示例:
https://www.surasint.com/spring-boot-webfilter-instead-of-component/
我通过将它添加到Configuration类将其添加到Spring启动配置中,如下所示:
package com.dawson.controller.filter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Component
public class DawsonApiFilter extends GenericFilterBean {
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
if (req.getHeader("x-dawson-nonce") == null || req.getHeader("x-dawson-signature") == null) {
HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
httpResponse.setContentType("application/json");
httpResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_BAD_REQUEST, "Required headers not specified in the request");
return;
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
来自Spring docs,
package com.dawson.configuration;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.hibernate5.Hibernate5Module;
import com.dawson.controller.filter.DawsonApiFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApplicationConfiguration {
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean dawsonApiFilter() {
FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registration.setFilter(new DawsonApiFilter());
// In case you want the filter to apply to specific URL patterns only
registration.addUrlPatterns("/dawson/*");
return registration;
}
}
添加Servlet,Filter或Servlet * Listener为它提供@Bean定义。
例如:
Embedded servlet containers - Add a Servlet, Filter or Listener to an application
将此@Bean
public Filter compressFilter() {
CompressingFilter compressFilter = new CompressingFilter();
return compressFilter;
}
配置添加到您的@Bean
类,过滤器将在启动时注册。
您还可以使用类路径扫描添加Servlet,过滤器和监听器,
通过使用@ServletComponentScan注释@Configuration类并指定包含要注册的组件的包,可以使用嵌入式servlet容器自动注册@WebServlet,@ WebFilter和@WebListener注释类。默认情况下,@ ServletComponentScan将从带注释的类的包中进行扫描。
如果使用Spring Boot + Spring Security,则可以在安全配置中执行此操作。
在下面的示例中,我在UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter之前添加了一个自定义过滤器(请参阅@Configuration
)。
all the default Spring Security filters and their order
和过滤器类
@EnableWebSecurity
class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired FilterDependency filterDependency;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.addFilterBefore(
new MyFilter(filterDependency),
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
}
使用@WebFilter注释,可以按如下方式完成:
class MyFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final FilterDependency filterDependency;
public MyFilter(FilterDependency filterDependency) {
this.filterDependency = filterDependency;
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain filterChain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// filter
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}