如何更改 svg 的颜色？

Question

我正在 Web Worker 内部使用 canvg 将 SVG 绘制到 OffscreenCanvas 中。

我将用黑色绘制 SVG。是否可以在不修改 SVG 本身或不使用 CSS 的情况下将颜色应用于 SVG？如果是的话，怎么办？

例如，我希望将其绘制为红色。

const svg = `<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.7.2 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M256 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32l0 10.4c93.7 13.9 167.7 88 181.6 181.6l10.4 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32l-10.4 0c-13.9 93.7-88 167.7-181.6 181.6l0 10.4c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32l0-10.4C130.3 455.7 56.3 381.7 42.4 288L32 288c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32l10.4 0C56.3 130.3 130.3 56.3 224 42.4L224 32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32zM107.4 288c12.5 58.3 58.4 104.1 116.6 116.6l0-20.6c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32l0 20.6c58.3-12.5 104.1-58.4 116.6-116.6L384 288c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32l20.6 0C392.1 165.7 346.3 119.9 288 107.4l0 20.6c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32l0-20.6C165.7 119.9 119.9 165.7 107.4 224l20.6 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32l-20.6 0zM256 224a32 32 0 1 1 0 64 32 32 0 1 1 0-64z"/></svg>`;

var blob = new Blob(
  Array.prototype.map.call(
    document.querySelectorAll('script[type="text/js-worker"]'),
    function (oScript) {
      return oScript.textContent;
    }
  ),
  { type: "text/javascript" }
);

const worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob), {
  type: "module"
});

const img = document.querySelector('img')

worker.postMessage({
  width: 20,
  height: 20,
  svg: svg
})

worker.onmessage = (event) => {
  img.src = event.data.pngUrl
}

<script type="text/js-worker">
  import { DOMParser } from 'https://cdn.skypack.dev/@xmldom/xmldom@^0.7.5'
import {
  Canvg,
  presets
} from 'https://cdn.skypack.dev/canvg@^4.0.0'

const preset = presets.offscreen({
  DOMParser
})

self.onmessage = async (event) => {
  const {
    width,
    height,
    svg
  } = event.data
  const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(width, height)
  const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
  const v = await Canvg.from(ctx, svg, preset)

  // Render only first frame, ignoring animations and mouse.
  await v.render()

  const blob = await canvas.convertToBlob()
  const pngUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob)

  self.postMessage({
    pngUrl
  })
}
</script>

<img />

Answer 1

如果您的图标是单色的，您可以应用简单的合成操作在已绘制的区域上应用预期的颜色：

const svg = `<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.7.2 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M256 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32l0 10.4c93.7 13.9 167.7 88 181.6 181.6l10.4 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32l-10.4 0c-13.9 93.7-88 167.7-181.6 181.6l0 10.4c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32l0-10.4C130.3 455.7 56.3 381.7 42.4 288L32 288c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32l10.4 0C56.3 130.3 130.3 56.3 224 42.4L224 32c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32zM107.4 288c12.5 58.3 58.4 104.1 116.6 116.6l0-20.6c0-17.7 14.3-32 32-32s32 14.3 32 32l0 20.6c58.3-12.5 104.1-58.4 116.6-116.6L384 288c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32l20.6 0C392.1 165.7 346.3 119.9 288 107.4l0 20.6c0 17.7-14.3 32-32 32s-32-14.3-32-32l0-20.6C165.7 119.9 119.9 165.7 107.4 224l20.6 0c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32l-20.6 0zM256 224a32 32 0 1 1 0 64 32 32 0 1 1 0-64z"/></svg>`;

var blob = new Blob(
  Array.prototype.map.call(
    document.querySelectorAll('script[type="text/js-worker"]'),
    function (oScript) {
      return oScript.textContent;
    }
  ),
  { type: "text/javascript" }
);

const worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob), {
  type: "module"
});

const img = document.querySelector('img')

worker.postMessage({
  width: 20,
  height: 20,
  svg: svg
})

worker.onmessage = (event) => {
  img.src = event.data.pngUrl
}

<script type="text/js-worker">
  import { DOMParser } from 'https://cdn.skypack.dev/@xmldom/xmldom@^0.7.5'
import {
  Canvg,
  presets
} from 'https://cdn.skypack.dev/canvg@^4.0.0'

const preset = presets.offscreen({
  DOMParser
})

self.onmessage = async (event) => {
  const {
    width,
    height,
    svg
  } = event.data
  const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(width, height)
  const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
  const v = await Canvg.from(ctx, svg, preset)

  // Render only first frame, ignoring animations and mouse.
  await v.render()
  // recolor
  ctx.fillStyle = "red";
  // next paint operation will only appear where it overlaps with already painted area
  ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "source-atop";
  ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
  
  const blob = await canvas.convertToBlob()
  const pngUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob)

  self.postMessage({
    pngUrl
  })
}
</script>

<img />