我正在 bash 中使用curl 将文件上传到对象存储，如下所示：
curl "https://mybucket.fsn1.your-objectstorage.com//myfile.bin" -T "myfile.bin" --user "${S3KEY}" --aws-sigv4 "aws:amz:fsn1:s3"
如何检查错误，以便在失败时重试上传？例如，我很可能会遇到需要处理的速率限制错误。
curl 的退出代码告诉您它是成功还是失败，以及如果失败，原因是什么。 0
表示操作成功。
curl … your arguments to curl
# store the exit code:
rv=$?
# deal with different exit codes:
case $rv in
0)
echo success
;;
28)
echo 'timeout, maybe retry?'
;;
*)
echo "can not handle $rv, bailing out"
exit $rv
;;
esac
您可以在 case
语句中填写更多退出代码，并根据需要以不同方式处理它们。如果您在
curl
模式下运行
--silent，您可能仍想打印诊断消息，因此您可以创建一个包含退出代码说明的关联数组：
#!/bin/bash
declare -rA curlerr=(
['0']='Success. The operation completed successfully according to the instructions.'
['1']='Unsupported protocol. This build of curl has no support for this protocol.'
['2']='Failed to initialize.'
['3']='URL malformed. The syntax was not correct.'
['4']='A feature or option that was needed to perform the desired request was not enabled or was explicitly disabled at build-time. To make curl able to do this, you probably need another build of libcurl.'
['5']='Could not resolve proxy. The given proxy host could not be resolved.'
['6']='Could not resolve host. The given remote host could not be resolved.'
['7']='Failed to connect to host.'
['8']='Weird server reply. The server sent data curl could not parse.'
['9']='FTP access denied. The server denied login or denied access to the particular resource or directory you wanted to reach. Most often you tried to change to a directory that does not exist on the server.'
['10']='FTP accept failed. While waiting for the server to connect back when an active FTP session is used, an error code was sent over the control connection or similar.'
['11']='FTP weird PASS reply. Curl could not parse the reply sent to the PASS request.'
['12']='During an active FTP session while waiting for the server to connect back to curl, the timeout expired.'
['13']='FTP weird PASV reply, Curl could not parse the reply sent to the PASV request.'
['14']='FTP weird 227 format. Curl could not parse the 227-line the server sent.'
['15']='FTP cannot use host. Could not resolve the host IP we got in the 227-line.'
['16']='HTTP/2 error. A problem was detected in the HTTP2 framing layer. This is somewhat generic and can be one out of several problems, see the error message for details.'
['17']='FTP could not set binary. Could not change transfer method to binary.'
['18']='Partial file. Only a part of the file was transferred.'
['19']='FTP could not download/access the given file, the RETR (or similar) command failed.'
['21']='FTP quote error. A quote command returned error from the server.'
['22']='HTTP page not retrieved. The requested URL was not found or returned another error with the HTTP error code being 400 or above. This return code only appears if -f, --fail is used.'
['23']='Write error. Curl could not write data to a local filesystem or similar.'
['25']='Failed starting the upload. For FTP, the server typically denied the STOR command.'
['26']='Read error. Various reading problems.'
['27']='Out of memory. A memory allocation request failed.'
['28']='Operation timeout. The specified time-out period was reached according to the conditions.'
['30']='FTP PORT failed. The PORT command failed. Not all FTP servers support the PORT command, try doing a transfer using PASV instead.'
['31']='FTP could not use REST. The REST command failed. This command is used for resumed FTP transfers.'
['33']='HTTP range error. The range "command" did not work.'
['34']='HTTP post error. Internal post-request generation error.'
['35']='SSL connect error. The SSL handshaking failed.'
['36']='Bad download resume. Could not continue an earlier aborted download.'
['37']='FILE could not read file. Failed to open the file. Permissions?'
['38']='LDAP cannot bind. LDAP bind operation failed.'
['39']='LDAP search failed.'
['41']='Function not found. A required LDAP function was not found.'
['42']='Aborted by callback. An application told curl to abort the operation.'
['43']='Internal error. A function was called with a bad parameter.'
['45']='Interface error. A specified outgoing interface could not be used.'
['47']='Too many redirects. When following redirects, curl hit the maximum amount.'
['48']='Unknown option specified to libcurl. This indicates that you passed a weird option to curl that was passed on to libcurl and rejected. Read up in the manual!'
['49']='Malformed telnet option.'
['52']='The server did not reply anything, which here is considered an error.'
['53']='SSL crypto engine not found.'
['54']='Cannot set SSL crypto engine as default.'
['55']='Failed sending network data.'
['56']='Failure in receiving network data.'
['58']='Problem with the local certificate.'
['59']='Could not use specified SSL cipher.'
['60']='Peer certificate cannot be authenticated with known CA certificates.'
['61']='Unrecognized transfer encoding.'
['63']='Maximum file size exceeded.'
['64']='Requested FTP SSL level failed.'
['65']='Sending the data requires a rewind that failed.'
['66']='Failed to initialize SSL Engine.'
['67']='The username, password, or similar was not accepted and curl failed to log in.'
['68']='File not found on TFTP server.'
['69']='Permission problem on TFTP server.'
['70']='Out of disk space on TFTP server.'
['71']='Illegal TFTP operation.'
['72']='Unknown TFTP transfer ID.'
['73']='File already exists (TFTP).'
['74']='No such user (TFTP).'
['77']='Problem reading the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?).'
['78']='The resource referenced in the URL does not exist.'
['79']='An unspecified error occurred during the SSH session.'
['80']='Failed to shut down the SSL connection.'
['82']='Could not load CRL file, missing or wrong format.'
['83']='Issuer check failed.'
['84']='The FTP PRET command failed.'
['85']='Mismatch of RTSP CSeq numbers.'
['86']='Mismatch of RTSP Session Identifiers.'
['87']='Unable to parse FTP file list.'
['88']='FTP chunk callback reported error.'
['89']='No connection available, the session is queued.'
['90']='SSL public key does not matched pinned public key.'
['91']='Invalid SSL certificate status.'
['92']='Stream error in HTTP/2 framing layer.'
['93']='An API function was called from inside a callback.'
['94']='An authentication function returned an error.'
['95']='A problem was detected in the HTTP/3 layer. This is somewhat generic and can be one out of several problems, see the error message for details.'
['96']='QUIC connection error. This error may be caused by an SSL library error. QUIC is the protocol used for HTTP/3 transfers.'
['97']='Proxy handshake error.'
['98']='A client-side certificate is required to complete the TLS handshake.'
['99']='Poll or select returned fatal error.'
['100']='A value or data field grew larger than allowed.'
)
geterr() {
rv="${curlerr[$1]}"
if [[ -z $rv ]]; then
rv='(unknown error)'
fi
echo "$rv"
}
curl "https://mybucket.fsn1.your-objectstorage.com//myfile.bin" -T "myfile.bin" --user "${S3KEY}" --aws-sigv4 "aws:amz:fsn1:s3"
# store the exit code:
rv=$?
# print the message associated with the exit code
echo "$rv $(geterr $rv)"
case $rv in
0)
echo success
;;
28)
echo 'timeout, maybe retry?'
;;
*)
echo "can not handle $rv, bailing out"
exit $rv
;;
esac