我想要这样的东西:
from contextlib import contextmanager
@contextmanager
def loop(seq):
for i in seq:
try:
do_setup(i)
yield # with body executes here
do_cleanup(i)
except CustomError as e:
print(e)
with loop([1,2,3]):
do_something_else()
do_whatever()
但是contextmanager不起作用,因为它期望生成器只生成一次。
我想要这个的原因是因为我基本上想要自己定制循环。我有一个改进的IPython,用于控制测试设备。它显然是一个完整的Python REPL,但大多数时候用户只是调用预定义函数(类似于Bash提示符),并且用户不应该是程序员或熟悉Python。需要有一种方法可以通过每次迭代的setup / cleanup和异常处理来循环一些任意代码,并且它应该像上面的with语句一样简单。
我认为发电机在这里工作得更好:
def loop(seq):
for i in seq:
try:
print('before')
yield i # with body executes here
print('after')
except CustomError as e:
print(e)
for i in loop([1,2,3]):
print(i)
print('code')
会给:
before
1
code
after
before
2
code
after
before
3
code
after
Python只进入和退出一次with
块,因此您无法在重复执行的输入/退出步骤中使用逻辑。
一个更完整的答案,如果异常可能发生在生成器之外:
from contextlib import contextmanager
class CustomError(RuntimeError):
pass
@contextmanager
def handle_custom_error():
try:
yield
except CustomError as e:
print(f"handled: {e}")
def loop(seq):
for i in seq:
try:
print('before')
if i == 0:
raise CustomError("inside generator")
yield i # for body executes here
print('after')
except CustomError as e:
print(f"handled: {e}")
@handle_custom_error()
def do_stuff(i):
if i == 1:
raise CustomError("inside do_stuff")
print(f"i = {i}")
for i in loop(range(3)):
do_stuff(i)
输出:
before
handled: inside generator
before
handled: inside do_stuff
after
before
i = 2
after