Python 类已定义并调用：NameError - 类未定义

Question

我定义了一个名为 Teacher 的类，并在名为 Person 的类中调用它。当 Person 运行并且满足条件时，会引发 NameError，表示我尚未定义 Teacher。我不知道未定义的 OfficeStaff 类是否会影响这一点。这是我的 Person 类：

class Person:
    role = input("Hello, my name is PySchool. I am not really AI, but I am close enough. My job is to simulate activities at a school, no matter your role. So, what is your role?")
    def writePaperwork(job):
        if job == "Student":
            Student.doHomework()
        elif job == "Teacher":
            Teacher.writeTest()
        elif job == "Student Life Mentor":
            print("Student Life Mentors don't have to write paperwork!")
        elif job == "Office Staff":
            OfficeStaff.writePlanForSchoolYear()
        else:
            print("That is not a valid job.")
    def comeToGHC(hoursWorkStart, hoursWorkEnd):
        hoursOffStart = hoursWorkEnd + 1
        hoursOffEnd = "8:30"
        if hoursOffEnd == hoursOffStart:
            print("I'm sorry, you can't come to GHC after work. Try adjusting your schedule.")
        else:
            print(f"You can come to GHC at {hoursOffStart} to {hoursOffEnd}.")
    try:
        hoursForWorkStart = int(input("When does your time for work start? Input the hour number."))
        hoursForWorkEnd = int(input("When does your time for work end? Input the hour number."))
    except(ValueError):
        print("Please enter an integer. There cannot be a decimal point.")
    writePaperwork(role)
    comeToGHC(hoursForWorkStart, hoursForWorkEnd)

稍后我会定义教师和学生。这可能看起来像是一所陌生的学校，因为它是一所在线学校。我的名字错误是这样的：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/MGKitty/Unit6/Activity1.py", line 36, in <module>
    class Person:
  File "/home/MGKitty/Unit6/Activity1.py", line 61, in Person
    writePaperwork(role)
  File "/home/MGKitty/Unit6/Activity1.py", line 42, in writePaperwork
    Teacher.writeTest()
NameError: name 'Teacher' is not defined

我尝试将 Student 和 Teacher 类移到 Person 类之前，但是因为它们继承了 Person 类，所以程序引发了另一个 NameError ，指出 Person 未定义。

Answer 1

您可以创建一个通用的def，例如学校；然后你可以分离每个部分及其功能。一般来说：

def school(entry):
    if entry == "Teacher":
       # Teacher functions go here
    elif entry == "Student":
       # Student functions go here
    elif entry == "Office Staff":
        # Office Staff functions go here

然后，在课堂上：

        if job == "Student":
            school("Student")
        elif job == "Teacher":
            school("Teacher")
        # The rest goes here, as you like and wish to do

您也必须对这些提供的代码进行更改，我只是想更轻松更好地分享我的想法。