我正在尝试在 IntelliJ 中使用 Selenium 对登录功能进行端到端测试。但是，我在设置阶段遇到了问题。每当我执行代码时，我总是遇到错误：
java.lang.NullPointerException：无法调用“org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By)”，因为“SeleniumE2E.E2ETest.driver”为空
package SeleniumE2E;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Set;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
public class E2ETest {
public static WebDriver driver;
@BeforeMethod
public void setUp() {
try {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\Users\\picom\\Downloads\\geckodriver-v0.34.0-win64\\geckodriver.exe");
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless");
driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
//driver.quit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException("WebDriver initialization failed");
}
}
@Test
public void testLogin() {
WebElement emailInput = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
emailInput.sendKeys("[email protected]");
WebElement passwordInput = driver.findElement(By.id("password"));
passwordInput.sendKeys("MAriya12!");
WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[text()='Login']"));
loginButton.click();
String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();
assertEquals("http://localhost:8080/Main.html", currentUrl);
}
@AfterMethod
public void tearDown() {
if (driver != null) {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
这是我的LoginDto和login.html：
package com.example.demo.dto;
public class LoginRequestDto {
private String email;
private String password;
public LoginRequestDto() {
}
// Getters and Setters
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>User Login</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 20px;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
}
h2 {
color: #333;
text-align: center;
}
form {
background-color: #fff;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
max-width: 400px;
margin: 20px auto;
}
label {
display: block;
margin: 10px 0 5px;
}
input[type=text], input[type=password] {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
button {
background-color: #008cba;
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
margin-top: 20px;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #005f73;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>User Login</h2>
<form id="loginForm">
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="text" id="email" name="email" required>
<label for="password">Password:</label>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password" required>
<button type="button" onclick="login()">Login</button>
</form>
<p>Don't have an account? <a href="register">Register here</a>.</p>
<script>
function login() {
var email = document.getElementById("email").value;
var password = document.getElementById("password").value;
var loginData = {
email: email,
password: password
};
fetch('/api/user/login', {
method: 'POST',
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
},
body: JSON.stringify(loginData)
})
.then(response => {
if (response.redirected) {
window.location.href = response.url;
} else {
console.error('Login failed');
alert('Invalid email or password');
}
})
.catch(error => {
console.error('Error:', error);
alert('Error occurred while logging in');
});
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
我尝试过从 Google 驱动程序切换到 Firefox，并尝试将 WebDriver 变量的访问修饰符从 protected 更改为 public static，但不幸的是，这些调整并没有解决问题。对于如何修复此错误的任何其他建议，我们表示赞赏。
您收到此错误，因为您的
@Testimport org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
您使用
TestNGimport org.testng.annotations.Test;
结果 - 您在 JUnit 下运行代码，而 JUnit 无法识别 TestNG 注释。