Javascript 正则表达式验证 IPv4 和 IPv6 地址，无主机名

问题描述 投票：0回答：4

请建议一个可以验证的 JS 正则表达式：

  • IPv4 地址
  • IPv6 地址

此正则表达式应仅验证地址而不验证主机名。

regex
4个回答
25
投票

我有完全相同的必要性，所以我改编了Daniel's Great Answer（这是我能找到的最准确的答案）中的正则表达式，以不验证主机名。 这是：

var expression = /((^\s*((([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5]))\s*$)|(^\s*((([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){7}([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){6}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}|((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){5}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,2})|:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){4}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,3})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})?:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){3}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,4})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,2}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){2}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,5})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,3}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){1}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,6})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,4}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(:(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,7})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,5}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:)))(%.+)?\s*$))/;

if (expression.test(valueToTest))
{
    // good IP
}
else
{
    // bad IP
}

我分叉 Daniel 的原始 JSFiddle 来使用这个修改后的版本，因为我喜欢他提供的大量示例。您可以在这里找到修改后的 JSFiddle，它应该符合您的需求。

希望这对我有帮助一样！ :)

11
投票

我能找到的最新且正确的正则表达式位于 npm 包内：ip-regex。

对 vanillas JavaScript 进行一些修改并测试后，它可以相应地工作，你可以像这样使用它：

IPv4 正则表达式：

let ipv4_regex = /^(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}$/gm;   
      
console.log(ipv4_regex.test('1.1.1.1'));
console.log(ipv4_regex.test('.100.100.100.100'));
console.log(ipv4_regex.test('256.100.100.100.100'));

IPv6 正则表达式：

let ipv6_regex = /^(?:(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){7}(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){6}(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){5}(?::(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,2}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){4}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,1}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,3}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){3}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,2}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,4}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){2}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,3}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,5}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){1}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,4}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,6}|:)|(?::(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,5}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,7}|:)))(?:%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,})?$/gm;     
          
console.log(ipv6_regex.test('2606:4700:4700::64'));
console.log(ipv6_regex.test('::1111:2222:3333:4444:5555:6666::'));
console.log(ipv6_regex.test('1:2:3::4:5::7:8'));

IPv4 + IPv6 组合正则表达式:

let ipv46_regex = /(?:^(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}$)|(?:^(?:(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){7}(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){6}(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){5}(?::(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,2}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){4}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,1}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,3}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){3}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,2}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,4}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){2}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,3}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,5}|:)|(?:[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}:){1}(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,4}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,6}|:)|(?::(?:(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){0,5}:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)(?:\\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]\d|\d)){3}|(?::[a-fA-F\d]{1,4}){1,7}|:)))(?:%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,})?$)/gm;      
      
console.log(ipv46_regex.test('1.1.1.1'));
console.log(ipv46_regex.test('.100.100.100.100'));
console.log(ipv46_regex.test('256.100.100.100.100'));
console.log(ipv46_regex.test('2606:4700:4700::64'));
console.log(ipv46_regex.test('::1111:2222:3333:4444:5555:6666::'));
console.log(ipv46_regex.test('1:2:3::4:5::7:8'));

享受吧。

2
投票

在我看来，当我找不到同时适用于 IPv4 和 IPv6 的更好解决方案时，我编译了这些正则表达式公式。它确实包括根据我自己的要求捕获组，但它应该对其工作与否没有影响。

IPv4 正则表达式：

^([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])$

IPv6 正则表达式：

^((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))((?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))*::((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))((?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))*|((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))((?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})){7}$

实现示例：

IPv4: if ( /^([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\\.([01]?[0-9]?[0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])$/g.test(ipv4)) {}
IPv6: if ( /^((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))((?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))*::((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))((?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))*|((?:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}))((?::[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})){7}$/g.test(ipv6)) {}

我对正则表达式很感兴趣，所以对我的尝试提供反馈将不胜感激。

0
投票

您可以用疯狂的小不可读正则表达式字符串来组合它，而不是无法读取的大而疯狂的不可读正则表达式字符串。以下内容应适用于所有 ipv4 和 ipv6 地址。这将使阅读、维护和审核变得更容易。

const octet = "(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|[1-9]?[0-9])";
const sextet = "[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}";
const ipv4 = `(${octet}\\.){3}${octet}`;
const ipv46Regex = new RegExp(`
^(
  (${sextet}:){7}${sextet}|
  (${sextet}:){1,7}:|
  (${sextet}:){1,6}:${sextet}|
  (${sextet}:){1,5}(:${sextet}){1,2}|
  (${sextet}:){1,4}(:${sextet}){1,3}|
  (${sextet}:){1,3}(:${sextet}){1,4}|
  (${sextet}:){1,2}(:${sextet}){1,5}|
  ${sextet}:((:${sextet}){1,6})|
  :(((:${sextet}){1,7})|:)|
  fe80:(:[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}){0,4}%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,}|
  ::(ffff(:0{1,4}){0,1}:){0,1}${ipv4}|
  (${sextet}:){1,4}:${ipv4}|
  ${ipv4}
)$
`.replace(/\s+/g, ""));
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