Postgres Update 花费时间在哪里以及如何优化？

Question

该表有接近 2.5 亿条记录，我正在尝试更新某些记录。需要接近45s，我只是想了解是否有办法优化它。

查询：

UPDATE commission
SET    knowledge_end_date = '2024-07-31T01:47:41.053562+00:00' :: timestamptz
WHERE  ( client_id = 93
         AND NOT is_deleted
         AND knowledge_end_date IS NULL
         AND payee_email_id = '*******'
         AND ( period_end_date BETWEEN
                     '2024-04-01T00:00:00+00:00' :: timestamptz AND
                     '2024-06-30T23:59:59.999999+00:00' :: timestamptz
                OR period_start_date BETWEEN
                   '2024-04-01T00:00:00+00:00' :: timestamptz AND
                       '2024-06-30T23:59:59.999999+00:00' :: timestamptz )
         AND criteria_id IN
             (
                 '354dec74-2f1e-4413-8c3e-ac3b2ffde584' ::
                 uuid
                 ,
                 '563f15a2-e5f8-46c0-94c3-65cec8e9f841' ::
                 uuid, '1f0626d9-5d5a-4781-8c34-2385b8c0edf0'
                 :: uuid,
             'e7d2fa13-383c-45ff-a9c1-55fb6c353634' :: uuid,
               'c017efdb-7774-4374-97ba-0a4938924945' :: uuid,
                 '6a9c6d90-a1ca-4af7-8a05-393f2314367a'
                 :: uuid,
                 '0afaf878-47e3-4845-8203-0d9dbdbe152a' :: uuid,
                 '4e459ae7-0868-4604-b4f3-62679a05db59'
                 ::
                                               uuid
                                               ,
                 '8953abd5-1881-4bf5-ba1a-34c03eeb6331'
                 ::
                 uuid
                 ) ) 

查询计划

Update on public.commission  (cost=0.70..808370.78 rows=5690 width=650) (actual time=47317.841..47317.842 rows=0 loops=1)
      Update on public.commission_93
      Buffers: shared hit=2321291 read=13061 written=261
      I/O Timings: read=39525.082
      ->  Index Scan using commission_93_client_id_is_deleted_knowledge_end_date_payee_idx on public.commission_93  (cost=0.70..808370.78 rows=5690 width=650) (actual time=0.023..198.990 rows=62497 loops=1)
            Output: commission_93.temporal_id, commission_93.knowledge_begin_date, '2024-07-31 01:47:41.053562+00'::timestamp with time zone, commission_93.is_deleted, commission_93.additional_details, commission_93.period_start_date, commission_93.period_end_date, commission_93.payee_email_id, commission_93.commission_plan_id, commission_93.criteria_id, commission_93.line_item_type, commission_93.tier_id, commission_93.amount, commission_93.client_id, commission_93.commission_snapshot_id, commission_93.context_ids, commission_93.line_item_id, commission_93.primary_kd, commission_93.secondary_kd, commission_93.secondary_snapshot_id, commission_93.show_do_nothing, commission_93.commission_date, commission_93.original_tier_id, commission_93.ctid
            Index Cond: ((commission_93.client_id = 93) AND (commission_93.is_deleted = false) AND (commission_93.knowledge_end_date IS NULL) AND ((commission_93.payee_email_id)::text = '********'::text))
            Filter: ((((commission_93.period_end_date >= '2024-04-01 00:00:00+00'::timestamp with time zone) AND (commission_93.period_end_date <= '2024-06-30 23:59:59.999999+00'::timestamp with time zone)) OR ((commission_93.period_start_date >= '2024-04-01 00:00:00+00'::timestamp with time zone) AND (commission_93.period_start_date <= '2024-06-30 23:59:59.999999+00'::timestamp with time zone))) AND (commission_93.criteria_id = ANY ('{354dec74-2f1e-4413-8c3e-ac3b2ffde584,563f15a2-e5f8-46c0-94c3-65cec8e9f841,1f0626d9-5d5a-4781-8c34-2385b8c0edf0,e7d2fa13-383c-45ff-a9c1-55fb6c353634,c017efdb-7774-4374-97ba-0a4938924945,6a9c6d90-a1ca-4af7-8a05-393f2314367a,0afaf878-47e3-4845-8203-0d9dbdbe152a,4e459ae7-0868-4604-b4f3-62679a05db59,8953abd5-1881-4bf5-ba1a-34c03eeb6331}'::uuid[])))
            Rows Removed by Filter: 61754
            Buffers: shared hit=16983

规格： “机器”的硬件规格、操作系统和版本 db.r6g.2xlarge、AWS Aurora 和版本 Postgres 12

1. 为什么读取 (

   Buffers: shared hit=16983

   ) 和写入 (

   Buffers: shared hit=2321291 read=13061 written=261

   ) 之间的缓冲区命中/读取更高？
2. 我们如何降低 IO 时序？
3. 是否可以在 Postgres 级别进行任何配置更改以加快写入速度，例如关闭副本同步或检查点等？

Answer 1

尝试....

1. 反转“非”

2. 将更新分成 2 部分以避免 OR

   更新佣金 SET Knowledge_end_date = '2024-07-31T01:47:41.053562+00:00' :: 时间戳 哪里（客户端 ID = 93 AND is_deleted 为 false AND Knowledge_end_date 为 NULL AND payee_email_id = '' AND (期间_结束_日期之间 '2024-04-01T00:00:00+00:00'::时间戳和 '2024-06-30T23:59:59.999999+00:00'::时间戳) AND criteria_id IN （ '354dec74-2f1e-4413-8c3e-ac3b2ffde584':: uuid , '563f15a2-e5f8-46c0-94c3-65cec8e9f841':: uuid，'1f0626d9-5d5a-4781-8c34-2385b8c0edf0' :: uuid， 'e7d2fa13-383c-45ff-a9c1-55fb6c353634'::uuid, 'c017efdb-7774-4374-97ba-0a4938924945'::uuid, '6a9c6d90-a1ca-4af7-8a05-393f2314367a' :: uuid， '0afaf878-47e3-4845-8203-0d9dbdbe152a'::uuid, '4e459ae7-0868-4604-b4f3-62679a05db59' :: uuid , '8953abd5-1881-4bf5-ba1a-34c03eeb6331' :: uuid ) ); 更新佣金 SET Knowledge_end_date = '2024-07-31T01:47:41.053562+00:00' :: 时间戳 哪里（客户端 ID = 93 AND is_deleted 为 false AND Knowledge_end_date 为 NULL AND payee_email_id = '' AND ( 期间_开始_日期 之间 '2024-04-01T00:00:00+00:00'::时间戳和 '2024-06-30T23:59:59.999999+00:00'::时间戳) AND criteria_id IN （ '354dec74-2f1e-4413-8c3e-ac3b2ffde584':: uuid , '563f15a2-e5f8-46c0-94c3-65cec8e9f841':: uuid，'1f0626d9-5d5a-4781-8c34-2385b8c0edf0' :: uuid， 'e7d2fa13-383c-45ff-a9c1-55fb6c353634'::uuid, 'c017efdb-7774-4374-97ba-0a4938924945'::uuid, '6a9c6d90-a1ca-4af7-8a05-393f2314367a' :: uuid， '0afaf878-47e3-4845-8203-0d9dbdbe152a'::uuid, '4e459ae7-0868-4604-b4f3-62679a05db59' :: uuid , '8953abd5-1881-4bf5-ba1a-34c03eeb6331' :: uuid ) ) ;