我的数据有重复的列名。如何只保留第一行作为名称并将 ID 设置为新列？

Question

首先是我的原始数据框。

   structure(list(REF = c("T", "C", "T", "REF", "T", "C", "REF", 
    "G", "T"), ALT = c("G", "G", "C", "ALT", "G", "G", "ALT", "A", 
    "C"), INFO = c("AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=2.56;DB;DP=394;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=14.20;ReadPosRankSum=1.08;SOR=0.674", 
    "AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=3.000e-03;DB;DP=263;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.451;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=12.84;ReadPosRankSum=0.041;SOR=0.661", 
    "AC=2;AF=1.00;AN=2;DB;DP=405;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=2;MLEAF=1.00;MQ=60.00;QD=33.41;SOR=0.858", 
    "INFO", "AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=3.85;DB;DP=498;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=13.45;ReadPosRankSum=1.05;SOR=0.736", 
    "AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=1.11;DB;DP=350;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=12.85;ReadPosRankSum=-4.640e-01;SOR=0.687", 
    "INFO", "AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=-1.635e+00;DB;DP=467;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.522;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=10.95;ReadPosRankSum=0.905;SOR=0.750", 
    "AC=2;AF=1.00;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=-5.710e-01;DB;DP=478;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=2;MLEAF=1.00;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=31.82;ReadPosRankSum=-1.297e+00;SOR=0.369"
    ), 2257588 = c("0/1:186,205:391:99:0|1:11854457_G_A:5581,0,3667", 
    "0/1:134,125:259:99:3353,0,3693", "1/1:0,400:403:99:13391,1205,0", 
    "2257689", "0/1:255,240:495:99:6688,0,6524", "0/1:188,160:348:99:4501,0,5131", 
    "2258942", "0/1:256,207:463:99:5099,0,7033", "1/1:1,477:478:99:15237,1392,0"
    )), row.names = c(NA, -9L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"
    ))

如您所见，列名称在数据框中出现多次。前三列具有一致的名称，但第四列的名称是患者 ID，我想将其转换为新列。

structure(list(REF = c("T", "C", "T", "T", "C", "G", "T"), ALT = c("G", 
"G", "C", "G", "G", "A", "C"), INFO = c("AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=2.56;DB;DP=394;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=14.20;ReadPosRankSum=1.08;SOR=0.674", 
"AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=3.000e-03;DB;DP=263;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.451;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=12.84;ReadPosRankSum=0.041;SOR=0.661", 
"AC=2;AF=1.00;AN=2;DB;DP=405;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=2;MLEAF=1.00;MQ=60.00;QD=33.41;SOR=0.858", 
"AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=3.85;DB;DP=498;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=13.45;ReadPosRankSum=1.05;SOR=0.736", 
"AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=1.11;DB;DP=350;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=12.85;ReadPosRankSum=-4.640e-01;SOR=0.687", 
"AC=1;AF=0.500;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=-1.635e+00;DB;DP=467;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.522;MLEAC=1;MLEAF=0.500;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=10.95;ReadPosRankSum=0.905;SOR=0.750", 
"AC=2;AF=1.00;AN=2;BaseQRankSum=-5.710e-01;DB;DP=478;ExcessHet=3.0103;FS=0.000;MLEAC=2;MLEAF=1.00;MQ=60.00;MQRankSum=0.00;QD=31.82;ReadPosRankSum=-1.297e+00;SOR=0.369"
), VAR = c("0/1:186,205:391:99:0|1:11854457_G_A:5581,0,3667", 
"0/1:134,125:259:99:3353,0,3693", "1/1:0,400:403:99:13391,1205,0", 
"0/1:255,240:495:99:6688,0,6524", "0/1:188,160:348:99:4501,0,5131", 
"0/1:256,207:463:99:5099,0,7033", "1/1:1,477:478:99:15237,1392,0"
), ID = c(2257588, 2257588, 2257588, 2257689, 2257689, 2258942, 
2258942)), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, 
-7L))

如果您能提供一些帮助，我将非常感激。

Answer 1

首先，导入数据，使第一行不是标题：

tmp <- tempfile(fileext = ".csv")
write.csv(df, tmp, row.names = FALSE)
df1 <- read.csv(tmp, header = FALSE)

然后，使用

tidyr::fill

复制 ID：

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)

df2 <- df1 %>%
  mutate(ID = as.numeric(V4)) %>%
  fill(ID) %>%
  filter(V1 != "REF") %>%
  rename(
    REF = V1,
    ALT = V2,
    INFO = V3,
    VAR = V4
  )