gui用前向和向后按钮查看matplotlib图

Question

我想构建一个GUI以使用前向和向后按钮查看matplotlib数字。 GUI与查看图像相似。 在某种程度上，我可以得到所需的结果。 问题是：当我使用向后按钮时（

<<) the size of the figure increases and I could not find out why. Is there anyone out there who can help understand what is missing and fix the size so it does not increase? Following are the codes for reference:

from tkinter import *
import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (FigureCanvasTkAgg,NavigationToolbar2Tk)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    
# Variables for line plots
x= [1,2,3,4]
y=[4,5,6,7]

x1=[5,6,7,3,1]
y1=[8,9,10,2,4]

x2=[1,4,2,5,9,3]
y2=[2,5,1,6,1,4]


# Creating figures
fig1,ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax1.plot(x, y, marker='o', label="Data Points",color='red')
ax1.set_title("Basic Components of Matplotlib Figure")
ax1.set_xlabel("X-Axis") 
ax1.set_ylabel("Y-Axis")
fig1.tight_layout()
# plt.show()

fig2,ax2 = plt.subplots()
ax2.plot(x1, y1, marker='o', label="Data Points",color='green')
ax2.set_title("Basic Components of Matplotlib Figure")
ax2.set_xlabel("X-Axis") 
ax2.set_ylabel("Y-Axis")
fig2.tight_layout()

fig3,ax3 = plt.subplots()
ax3.plot(x2, y2, marker='o', label="Data Points",color='orange')
ax3.set_title("Basic Components of Matplotlib Figure")
ax3.set_xlabel("X-Axis") 
ax3.set_ylabel("Y-Axis")
fig3.tight_layout()

fig_list = [fig1,fig2,fig3]



def frwrd(number):
    global Fw_Btn
    global Bck_Btn
    global exit_btn
    global frame1
    global Fig_Canvas
    
    frame1.destroy()
       
    #  Creating a frame in root
    frame1= Frame(root,bg= "green")
    frame1.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=3,padx=10,pady=10,sticky='nsew')    

    # Create a figure canvas again
    Fig_Canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig_list[number-1],master = frame1)
    Fig_Canvas.draw()
    Fig_Canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=0)

    #  Creating buttons again
    Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',command=lambda:frwrd(number + 1))
    Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',command= lambda: back(number - 1))
    if number ==3:
        Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',state=DISABLED)
    
    Fw_Btn.grid(row=0,column=2,sticky='nswe')
    Bck_Btn.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nswe')
    exit_btn.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='nswe')
    

def back(number):
    global Fw_Btn
    global Bck_Btn
    global exit_btn
    global frame1
    global Fig_Canvas
    
    
    frame1.destroy()
    
    #  Creating a frame inplace of root
    frame1= Frame(root,bg= "green")    
    frame1.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=3,padx=10,pady=10,sticky='nsew')

    # Create a figure canvas again
    Fig_Canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig_list[number-1],master = frame1)
    Fig_Canvas.draw()    
    Fig_Canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=0) 
    # Creating buttons again
    Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',command=lambda:frwrd(number + 1))
    Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',command= lambda: back(number - 1))
    if number ==1:
        Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',state=DISABLED)   
    
    Fw_Btn.grid(row=0,column=2,sticky='nswe')
    Bck_Btn.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nswe')
    exit_btn.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='nswe')
    

# root of tkinter
root = Tk()
root.geometry('700x600')

# Buttons
Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',command=lambda: frwrd(2))
Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',command= back,state=DISABLED)
exit_btn = Button(root,text = 'Exit',command=  root.quit)

# Placing buttons
Bck_Btn.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nswe')
exit_btn.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='nswe')
Fw_Btn.grid(row=0,column=2,sticky='nswe')

#  Creating a frame inplace of root
frame1= Frame(root,bg= "green")
frame1.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=3,padx=10,pady=10,sticky='nsew')

# Creating a figure canvas
Fig_Canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig1,master = frame1)
Fig_Canvas.draw()
Fig_Canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=0)

# Configureing the root
root.grid_columnconfigure([0,1,2],weight=1)
root.grid_rowconfigure(1,weight=1)
root.mainloop()

Answer 1

将解决方案的解决方案用于代码中的问题。不过，我不明白它背后的逻辑是什么。以下是对代码的修改： （事先感谢您的进一步修改或评论）

from tkinter import *
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import ImageTk,Image
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (FigureCanvasTkAgg,NavigationToolbar2Tk)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

# Variables for line plots
x= [1,2,3,4]
y=[4,5,6,7]

x1=[5,6,7,3,1]
y1=[8,9,10,2,4]

x2=[1,4,2,5,9,3]
y2=[2,5,1,6,1,4]

#-------------------------------------
# MODIFICATION TO EARLIER CODES

# the figure that will contain the plot 
fig1 = Figure(figsize = (5, 5),dpi = 100)
# list of squares 
# adding the subplot 
plot1 = fig1.add_subplot(111)
# plotting the graph 
plot1.plot(x,y)


# the figure that will contain the plot 
fig2 = Figure(figsize = (5, 5),dpi = 100)
# list of squares 

# adding the subplot 
plot2 = fig2.add_subplot(111)
# plotting the graph 
plot2.plot(x1,y1)

# the figure that will contain the plot 
fig3 = Figure(figsize = (5, 5),dpi = 100)
# list of squares 

# adding the subplot 
plot3 = fig3.add_subplot(111)
# plotting the graph 
plot3.plot(x2,y2)

#-------------------------------------
#Earlier part of the code which is replaced by above    
# # Creating figures
# fig1,ax1 = plt.subplots()
# ax1.plot(x, y, marker='o', label="Data Points",color='red')
# ax1.set_title("Basic Components of Matplotlib Figure")
# ax1.set_xlabel("X-Axis") 
# ax1.set_ylabel("Y-Axis")
# fig1.tight_layout()
# # plt.show()

# fig2,ax2 = plt.subplots()
# ax2.plot(x1, y1, marker='o', label="Data Points",color='green')
# ax2.set_title("Basic Components of Matplotlib Figure")
# ax2.set_xlabel("X-Axis") 
# ax2.set_ylabel("Y-Axis")
# fig2.tight_layout()

# fig3,ax3 = plt.subplots()
# ax3.plot(x2, y2, marker='o', label="Data Points",color='orange')
# ax3.set_title("Basic Components of Matplotlib Figure")
# ax3.set_xlabel("X-Axis") 
# ax3.set_ylabel("Y-Axis")
# fig3.tight_layout()
#-------------------------------------

fig_list = [fig1,fig2,fig3]



def frwrd(number):
    global Fw_Btn
    global Bck_Btn
    global exit_btn
    global frame1
    global Fig_Canvas
    frame1.destroy()
       
    #  Creating a frame in root
    frame1= Frame(root,bg= "green")
    frame1.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=3,padx=10,pady=10,sticky='nsew')    

    # Create a figure canvas again
    Fig_Canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig_list[number-1],master = frame1)
    Fig_Canvas.draw()
    Fig_Canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=0)





    #  Creating buttons again
    Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',command=lambda:frwrd(number + 1))
    Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',command= lambda: back(number - 1))
    if number ==3:
        Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',state=DISABLED)
    
    Fw_Btn.grid(row=0,column=2,sticky='nswe')
    Bck_Btn.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nswe')
    exit_btn.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='nswe')
    

def back(number):
    global Fw_Btn
    global Bck_Btn
    global exit_btn
    global frame1
    global Fig_Canvas
    
    
    frame1.destroy()
    
    #  Creating a frame inplace of root
    frame1= Frame(root,bg= "green")    
    frame1.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=3,padx=10,pady=10,sticky='nsew')

    # Create a figure canvas again
    Fig_Canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig_list[number-1],master = frame1)
    Fig_Canvas.draw()    
    Fig_Canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=0) 
    # Creating buttons again
    Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',command=lambda:frwrd(number + 1))
    Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',command= lambda: back(number - 1))
    if number ==1:
        Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',state=DISABLED)   
    
    Fw_Btn.grid(row=0,column=2,sticky='nswe')
    Bck_Btn.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nswe')
    exit_btn.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='nswe')
    

# root of tkinter
root = Tk()
root.geometry('700x600')

# Buttons
Fw_Btn = Button(root, text = '>>',command=lambda: frwrd(2))
Bck_Btn = Button(root, text = '<<',command= back,state=DISABLED)
exit_btn = Button(root,text = 'Exit',command=  root.quit)

# Placing buttons
Bck_Btn.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky='nswe')
exit_btn.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='nswe')
Fw_Btn.grid(row=0,column=2,sticky='nswe')

#  Creating a frame inplace of root
frame1= Frame(root,bg= "green")
frame1.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=3,padx=10,pady=10,sticky='nsew')

# Creating a figure canvas
Fig_Canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig1,master = frame1)
Fig_Canvas.draw()
Fig_Canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0,column=0)

# Configureing the root
root.grid_columnconfigure([0,1,2],weight=1)
root.grid_rowconfigure(1,weight=1)
root.mainloop()


fig = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
t = np.arange(0, 3, .01)
ax = fig.add_subplot()
line, = ax.plot(t, 2 * np.sin(2 * np.pi * t))
ax.set_xlabel("time [s]")
ax.set_ylabel("f(t)")

canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root)  # A tk.DrawingArea.
canvas.draw()

x2=[1,4,2,5,9,3]
y2=[2,5,1,6,1,4]

# the figure that will contain the plot 
fig1 = Figure(figsize = (5, 5),dpi = 100)
# list of squares 
# adding the subplot 
plot1 = fig1.add_subplot(111)
# plotting the graph 
plot1.plot(x,y)


# the figure that will contain the plot 
fig2 = Figure(figsize = (5, 5),dpi = 100)
# list of squares 

# adding the subplot 
plot2 = fig2.add_subplot(111)
# plotting the graph 
plot2.plot(x1,y1)

# the figure that will contain the plot 
fig3 = Figure(figsize = (5, 5),dpi = 100)
# list of squares 

# adding the subplot 
plot3 = fig3.add_subplot(111)
# plotting the graph 
plot3.plot(x2,y2)