无法在 Django 中将 psycopg2 与 Postgres 一起使用

Question

正如我的问题中所述，我现在正在配置我的 djagno 项目以与 postgres 连接。我面临的问题是，在进行迁移时，它向我显示以下错误：

python manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 25, in <module>
  import psycopg as Database
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'psycopg'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 27, in <module>
  import psycopg2 as Database
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 51, in <module>
  from psycopg2._psycopg import (                     # noqa
  ...<10 lines>...
  )
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _psycopg: The specified module could not be found.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\backend\manage.py", line 22, in <module>
  main()
  ~~~~^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\backend\manage.py", line 18, in main
  execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 442, in execute_from_command_line
  utility.execute()
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 416, in execute
  django.setup()
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
  apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 116, in populate
  app_config.import_models()
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 269, in import_models
  self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
                       ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Coding Apps\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 88, in import_module
  return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1387, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1360, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1331, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 935, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1022, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\models.py", line 5, in <module>
  from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 40, in <module>
  class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
  ...<123 lines>...
          )
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 143, in __new__
  new_class.add_to_class("_meta", Options(meta, app_label))
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 371, in add_to_class
  value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\models\options.py", line 231, in contribute_to_class
  self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length()
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\connection.py", line 15, in __getattr__
  return getattr(self._connections[self._alias], item)
                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\connection.py", line 62, in __getitem__
  conn = self.create_connection(alias)
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 193, in create_connection
  backend = load_backend(db["ENGINE"])
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 113, in load_backend
  return import_module("%s.base" % backend_name)
File "E:\Coding Apps\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 88, in import_module
  return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "E:\Code\Ecom\Ecom\ecom\Lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", line 29, in <module>
  raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 or psycopg module")
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 or psycopg module
(ecom) 

我已经尝试了几乎所有方法，从将 psql 添加到路径到尝试安装以前版本的 psycopg2，但无济于事。我还在 chatgpt 上运行了十几个会话

有人可以帮我吗？

Answer 1

要解决 Django 中的 PostgreSQL 连接问题，您可以按照此操作-

首先，安装正确的 PostgreSQL 数据库驱动程序。用途：

pip install psycopg2-binary

如果您更喜欢常规的

psycopg2

，则需要先安装 PostgreSQL 二进制文件：

pip install psycopg2

确保您的

settings.py

具有正确的数据库配置：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'put_your_db_name',
        'USER': 'put_your_username',
        'PASSWORD': 'put_your_password', # or use from env
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}