如何在JS中使用SHA256哈希字符串？

Question

说明

我正在使用Javascript中的SHA256在本地对字符串进行哈希处理。我一直在想着会有某种正式的库或功能，但是我发现的全部是不同项目的负载，每个项目都有不同的脚本，而且我不确定脚本是否值得信任（因为我不是专家，并且绝对没有资格对其进行评估）或如何实现它们。编辑：我需要用文本而不是十六进制的输出，如果在发布原始问题时没有解释这一点，抱歉。

代码

到目前为止，我已经尝试过：

async function sha256(message) {
  // encode as UTF-8
  const msgBuffer = new TextEncoder('utf-8').encode(message);

  // hash the message
  const hashBuffer = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', msgBuffer);

  // convert ArrayBuffer to Array
  const hashArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(hashBuffer));

  // convert bytes to hex string
  const hashHex = hashArray.map(b => ('00' + b.toString(16)).slice(-2)).join('');
  console.log(hashHex);
  return hashHex;
}
sha256(passwordInput); 

控制台输出：

未捕获（承诺中）TypeError：无法读取未定义的属性“摘要”

我是javascript的新手，我愿意接受所有建议，是的。

Answer 1

签出此：https://github.com/brix/crypto-js

您可以使用以下内容：

require(["crypto-js/aes", "crypto-js/sha256"], function (AES, SHA256)
{
    console.log(SHA256("Message")); 
});

或不需要：

<script type="text/javascript" src="path-to/bower_components/crypto-js/crypto-js.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var encrypted = CryptoJS.AES(...);
    var encrypted = CryptoJS.SHA256(...);
</script>

Answer 2

在那儿：D这是相当有用的。如果您是学者，则想查看这篇文章：https://www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts/sha256.html

纯JavaScript，不需要依赖项：

var sha256 = function sha256(ascii) {
    function rightRotate(value, amount) {
        return (value>>>amount) | (value<<(32 - amount));
    };

    var mathPow = Math.pow;
    var maxWord = mathPow(2, 32);
    var lengthProperty = 'length'
    var i, j; // Used as a counter across the whole file
    var result = ''

    var words = [];
    var asciiBitLength = ascii[lengthProperty]*8;

    //* caching results is optional - remove/add slash from front of this line to toggle
    // Initial hash value: first 32 bits of the fractional parts of the square roots of the first 8 primes
    // (we actually calculate the first 64, but extra values are just ignored)
    var hash = sha256.h = sha256.h || [];
    // Round constants: first 32 bits of the fractional parts of the cube roots of the first 64 primes
    var k = sha256.k = sha256.k || [];
    var primeCounter = k[lengthProperty];
    /*/
    var hash = [], k = [];
    var primeCounter = 0;
    //*/

    var isComposite = {};
    for (var candidate = 2; primeCounter < 64; candidate++) {
        if (!isComposite[candidate]) {
            for (i = 0; i < 313; i += candidate) {
                isComposite[i] = candidate;
            }
            hash[primeCounter] = (mathPow(candidate, .5)*maxWord)|0;
            k[primeCounter++] = (mathPow(candidate, 1/3)*maxWord)|0;
        }
    }

    ascii += '\x80' // Append Ƈ' bit (plus zero padding)
    while (ascii[lengthProperty]%64 - 56) ascii += '\x00' // More zero padding
    for (i = 0; i < ascii[lengthProperty]; i++) {
        j = ascii.charCodeAt(i);
        if (j>>8) return; // ASCII check: only accept characters in range 0-255
        words[i>>2] |= j << ((3 - i)%4)*8;
    }
    words[words[lengthProperty]] = ((asciiBitLength/maxWord)|0);
    words[words[lengthProperty]] = (asciiBitLength)

    // process each chunk
    for (j = 0; j < words[lengthProperty];) {
        var w = words.slice(j, j += 16); // The message is expanded into 64 words as part of the iteration
        var oldHash = hash;
        // This is now the undefinedworking hash", often labelled as variables a...g
        // (we have to truncate as well, otherwise extra entries at the end accumulate
        hash = hash.slice(0, 8);

        for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
            var i2 = i + j;
            // Expand the message into 64 words
            // Used below if 
            var w15 = w[i - 15], w2 = w[i - 2];

            // Iterate
            var a = hash[0], e = hash[4];
            var temp1 = hash[7]
                + (rightRotate(e, 6) ^ rightRotate(e, 11) ^ rightRotate(e, 25)) // S1
                + ((e&hash[5])^((~e)&hash[6])) // ch
                + k[i]
                // Expand the message schedule if needed
                + (w[i] = (i < 16) ? w[i] : (
                        w[i - 16]
                        + (rightRotate(w15, 7) ^ rightRotate(w15, 18) ^ (w15>>>3)) // s0
                        + w[i - 7]
                        + (rightRotate(w2, 17) ^ rightRotate(w2, 19) ^ (w2>>>10)) // s1
                    )|0
                );
            // This is only used once, so *could* be moved below, but it only saves 4 bytes and makes things unreadble
            var temp2 = (rightRotate(a, 2) ^ rightRotate(a, 13) ^ rightRotate(a, 22)) // S0
                + ((a&hash[1])^(a&hash[2])^(hash[1]&hash[2])); // maj

            hash = [(temp1 + temp2)|0].concat(hash); // We don't bother trimming off the extra ones, they're harmless as long as we're truncating when we do the slice()
            hash[4] = (hash[4] + temp1)|0;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
            hash[i] = (hash[i] + oldHash[i])|0;
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        for (j = 3; j + 1; j--) {
            var b = (hash[i]>>(j*8))&255;
            result += ((b < 16) ? 0 : '') + b.toString(16);
        }
    }
    return result;
};

来源： https://geraintluff.github.io/sha256/

Answer 3

签出此库：https://www.npmjs.com/package/object-hash

适用于节点和浏览器。