我用 selenium 做了一个测试用例，它会自动打开 Firefox 并执行登录操作。我通过 Eclipse 使用 java 编程做了这个。我测试它在我的 windows7 系统中工作正常。
现在，问题是 cron 作业在服务器中启动相同的程序，在尝试打开 Firefox 时会抛出以下错误：
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Time elapsed: 0 sec
------------- Standard Error -----------------
org.openqa.selenium.firefox.NotConnectedException: Unable to connect to host 127.0.0.1 on port 7055 after 45000 ms. Firefox console output:
Error: cannot open display: :0.0
Error: cannot open display: :0.0
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.NewProfileExtensionConnection.start(NewProfileExtensionConnectio n.java:118)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.startClient(FirefoxDriver.java:250)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:110)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:197)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:190)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:186)
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:99)
at com.lo.test.selenium.AssignCampaignTestCase.<clinit>(AssignCampaignTestCase.java:42)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:266)
at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTestRunner.run(JUnitTestRunner.java:375)
at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTask.executeInVM(JUnitTask.java:1420)
at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTask.execute(JUnitTask.java:848)
at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTask.executeOrQueue(JUnitTask.java:1899)
at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.junit.JUnitTask.execute(JUnitTask.java:800)
at org.apache.tools.ant.UnknownElement.execute(UnknownElement.java:291)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:616)
at org.apache.tools.ant.dispatch.DispatchUtils.execute(DispatchUtils.java:106)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Task.perform(Task.java:348)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Target.execute(Target.java:390)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Target.performTasks(Target.java:411)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Project.executeSortedTargets(Project.java:1399)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Project.executeTarget(Project.java:1368)
at org.apache.tools.ant.helper.DefaultExecutor.executeTargets(DefaultExecutor.java:41)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Project.executeTargets(Project.java:1251)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Main.runBuild(Main.java:809)
at org.apache.tools.ant.Main.startAnt(Main.java:217)
at org.apache.tools.ant.launch.Launcher.run(Launcher.java:280)
at org.apache.tools.ant.launch.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:109)
------------- ---------------- ---------------
Caused an ERROR
null
我已经在我的服务器中安装了 xvfb 和 selenuim。我检查过他们正在运行。 我遵循了本教程
我的
testCase package com.lo.test.selenium;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javax.mail.Flags;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.NoSuchProviderException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
public class MyExampleTestCase {
private static ResourceBundle rb = ResourceBundle.getBundle("global-messages");
static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); //Make it static in order to make one
instance of this class(helps to avoid opening of 2 browsers at once)
@Test
public void campaignEmailTestCase() throws InterruptedException {
MyExampleTestCase emTesObj=new MyExampleTestCase ();
String fName="test LO";
Integer LeadId=570903;
String campaignName="2Get";
String SubjName="Welcome"; //NOTE: No problem,Type without
double quotes. It will work for you
emTesObj.doLogin();
emTesObj.goToLeadsListPage();
emTesObj.searchByFirstName(fName);//without this also,it will work but Gives you the correct
navigation on UI
emTesObj.waitBeforePageLoads(LeadId.toString()); //pass the Id attribute which you aspect to
see after the page is loaded
emTesObj.assignCampaign(LeadId, campaignName);
emTesObj.readRecentEmail(SubjName);
}
在本地计算机上运行代码时使用此功能：
private WebDriver driver = null;
public void open() throws Exception
{
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
}
当您在远程服务器上运行代码时：
private WebDriver driver = null;
public void openHeadless() throws Exception
{
FirefoxBinary binary = new FirefoxBinary(new File("/usr/local/bin/firefox"));
binary.setEnvironmentProperty("DISPLAY",System.getProperty("lmportal.xvfb.id",":99"));
driver = new FirefoxDriver(binary,null);
}
如果您使用 xvfb-run 命令以无头模式运行 Selenium 节点，如下所示...
$ xvfb-run -a -s "-screen 0 1280x1600x24" java -jar selenium-server-standalone.jar -role node
...那么您可能会因为xvfb进程崩溃而遇到相同的症状。在这种情况下，进程树如下所示：
├─sh -e /proc/self/fd/9
│ └─xvfb-run /usr/bin/xvfb-run -a -s -screen 0 1280x1600x24 java -jar selenium-server-standalone.jar -role node
│ ├─Xvfb :104 -screen 0 1280x1600x24
│ │ └─4*[{Xvfb}]
│ └─java -jar selenium-server-standalone.jar -role node
│ └─27*[{java}]
Xvfb 进程会在每次浏览器启动时重新启动（请参阅 -reset 选项文档），并且由于某种原因存在内存泄漏。因此，当您在数天和数小时内使用该节点时，内存泄漏会导致 Xvfb 进程崩溃，但具有 Selenium 节点的 java 进程保持不变。在这种情况下，Selenium 启动的浏览器无法打开显示，因为 xvfb 未运行，并且您会看到错误消息。
要解决此问题，您需要关闭 xvfb 重新启动行为，这是通过 -noreset 选项完成的：
$ xvfb-run -a -s "-screen 0 1280x1600x24 -noreset" java -jar selenium-server-standalone.jar -role node
如果您将 selenium 与 maven 一起使用，只需更新 pom.xml 文件中的依赖项即可解决问题。这对我有用。 如果您使用的是测试单元，请将使用的 jar 更新到最新版本:)