我正在尝试在类似 UNIX 的命令行上使用 Maven 运行 Cucumber(不幸的是我被迫使用 Windows,尽管 cmd.exe 具有相同的结果):
mvn clean test -Dcucumber.options="src/test/resources/com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages/sample_test.feature"
结果:
Results :
Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
...
[INFO] --- exec-maven-plugin:1.2.1:java (default) @ sqa.automation_cuke ---
Feature: My animals Sample
Sample test to use as basis for conversion
Scenario: My animals # sample_test.feature:4
Given that I have my animals
1 Scenarios (1 undefined)
1 Steps (1 undefined)
0m0.000s
You can implement missing steps with the snippets below:
@Given("^that I have my animals$")
public void that_I_have_my_animals() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
throw new PendingException();
}
我查看了所有最热门的 Google/SO 搜索来查找此错误消息和类似的错误消息。许多,例如 Cucumber 在运行单个功能时找不到步骤 和 Cucumber 找不到步骤定义,都说用
-r
和 --require 参数指定我的步骤定义,但它们似乎已从黄瓜在某个时候,因为我收到了 Unknown option: -r
错误。
许多其他答案都说,当 @CucumberOptions glue 参数 定义不正确时,会(奇怪地)发生此错误。但我尝试过以下胶水,但没有一个起作用:
sqa.automation_cuke.pages
path:sqa.automation_cuke.pages
classpath:sqa.automation_cuke.pages
com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages
classpath:com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages
path:com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages
C:/development/cucumber-demo/src/main/java/com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages
src/main/java/com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages
classpath:C:/development/cucumber-demo/src/main/java/com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages
classpath:src/main/java/com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages
path:src/main/java/com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages
C:\\development\\cucumber-demo\\src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\sqa\\automation_cuke\\pages
src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\sqa\\automation_cuke\\pages
classpath:src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\sqa\\automation_cuke\\pages
path:src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\sqa\\automation_cuke\\pages
我也尝试过:
-Dcucumber.options
中定义--glue。 @Given("that I have my animals")
。这是我的项目结构。我确保资源结构与代码的其余部分匹配按照这个答案:
样本文本.特征:
Feature: My animals Sample
Sample test to use as basis for conversion
Scenario: My animals
Given that I have my animals
MySampleTest.java:
package com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages;
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(glue = {"com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages"})
public class MySampleTest {
@Given("^that I have my animals$")
public void that_I_have_my_animals() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
System.out.println("MySampleTest.that_I_have_my_animals() ran!");
new MySample().printMySample();
throw new PendingException();
}
}
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>sqa.automation_cuke</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<cucumber-jvm.version>1.2.4</cucumber-jvm.version>
<selenium.version>2.53.0</selenium.version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>test</phase>
<goals>
<goal>java</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<executableDependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
</executableDependency>
<mainClass>cucumber.api.cli.Main</mainClass>
<arguments>
<argument>--plugin</argument>
<argument>junit:target/cucumber-junit-report/allcukes.xml</argument>
<argument>--plugin</argument>
<argument>pretty</argument>
<argument>--plugin</argument>
<argument>html:target/cucumber-html-report</argument>
</arguments>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-jvm.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>${selenium.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-jvm.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-jvm.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-jvm.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/cucumber-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-jvm.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>6.8.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
如有任何帮助,我们将不胜感激!
您的设置非常复杂。考虑到加尔定律,我会重新启动并建立在有效的基础上。一个小型入门项目位于 https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-java-sculpture
下载/克隆并运行
mvn test
这应该给你一个缺失的步骤,但它也应该给你一些定义的步骤。查看源代码并添加缺少的步骤
src/test/java/skeleton/Stepdefs.java
您需要为黄瓜选项设置 features 属性才能使其工作。
将黄瓜选项注释替换为:
@CucumberOptions(features = {"classpath:com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages/sample_test.feature"},
glue = {"com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages"},
应该让它发挥作用。如果没有请更新帖子。
更新:
SampleTestStepDefiniton.java
package com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
public class SampleTestStepDefinition {
@Given("^that I have my animals$")
public void that_I_have_my_animals() throws Throwable {
// Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
System.out.println("MySampleTest.that_I_have_my_animals() ran!");
}
}
MySampleTest.java
package com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(glue = { "com.example.sqa.automation_cuke.pages" }, features = {
"classpath:com/example/sqa/automation_cuke/pages/sample_test.feature" })
public class MySampleTest {
}
sample_test.feature
Feature: My animals Sample
Sample test to use as basis for conversion
Scenario: My animals
Given that I have my animals
更新
我认为您的项目的问题是它无法在类路径上找到测试类(以及步骤定义类)。我不明白为什么你必须定义 CLASSPATH 系统变量。这可能是这个问题的一个原因。然而 PATH 变量应该保留并且不应该包含对特定项目的任何引用
尝试删除 CLASSPATH 变量并用以下内容替换插件标签:
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<encoding>utf8</encoding>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>test-jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.18</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
我可以使用 java 8 和 java 7 在多个窗口环境中运行它。请随时关注我!
我也遇到了同样的问题,然后我意识到为跑步者类导入的包与步骤定义类不同
所以
如果对于 runner 类,您使用的 io 包如下
import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
那么你也应该在步骤定义中使用相同的io包
import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
我导入API包时出错了
import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
我尝试了很多次,这是一个解决方案。
我遇到了同样的问题,我刚刚将 pom.xml 中的 cucumber-junit、cucumber -java 版本更新到 7.11.2 并重建项目。然后它解决了,我的功能步骤成功执行。
在我的例子中,我已经更新了 pom 中与黄瓜相关的依赖项的一个较高版本,并更新了 pom,然后运行测试。并解决了问题。